Effects of the Ant, Lasius niger (L.), on the Behaviour and Reproduction of the Black Bean Aphid, Aphis fabae Scop

1958 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Banks
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Lasius Niger ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Young Plant ◽  
Black Bean ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Aphid Populations

SummaryCage experiments confirmed that, in the absence of natural enemies, populations of Aphis fabae Scop., attended on bean plants (Vicia faba) by the ant, Lasius niger (L.), multiply more rapidly than otherwise similar but ant-free populations. The average difference in numbers recorded, was about one-third, the maximum being 70 per cent. No doubling or trebling of aphid numbers as claimed by an earlier worker was ever recorded.When the Aphids are attended by ants, their excretion behaviour alters and the normal dispersal of the apterae from the young apical growth of bean plants is considerably delayed.No significant differences were found between the numbers of nymphs produced by individual Aphids from ant-visited and ant-free plants, respectively, living on leaves of the same age; but the numbers were significantly affected by the age of the leaf or part of the plant on which the Aphids had developed or were then feeding.It is suggested that ant-attended aphid populations multiply more rapidly because most of the Aphids feed for a much longer time on young plant tissue where, presumably, their food supply is more nutritious.

Effects of the Ant, Lasius Niger L., on the Feeding and Excretion of the Bean Aphid, Aphis Fabae Scop

1958 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. BANKS ◽  
H. L. NIXON
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Lasius Niger ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Water Culture ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Normal Feeding ◽  
Plant Sap

1. To test the idea of Herzig (1937) that the excretion and feeding rates of aphids are stimulated by attendant ants, bean plants (Vicia faba), on which groups of nymphs of Aphis fabae were feeding, were made radioactive with 32P in water culture, so that the aphids took up the isotope and excreted it in their honeydew. The radioactivity of the honeydew taken from them by attendant Lasius niger was then compared with that of the honeydew excreted concurrently by unattended control aphids on separate plants. 2. By increasing their uptake of plant sap the ant-attended aphids produced twice as much radioactivity in their excreta as did the ant-free aphids. 3. The aphids directly control their rates of excretion and feeding, which are not determined solely by forces within the plant. 4. The aphid apparently controls its feeding by the ‘sucking pump’ in its head. It is suggested that the pump is normally closed but that periodically it opens to admit sap into its lumen and then closes ventrally to force the ingested sap into the stomach. During normal feeding the pump probably opens and closes at regular intervals; but when the aphid is ant-attended it could operated more frequently so as to force sap into the stomach more often. The uptake of sap by normally feeding aphids is apparently not continuous.

Aphis fabae. [Distribution map].

1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Black Bean ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
Belgian Congo ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Aphis fabae Scop. (Homopt., Aphididae) (Black Bean Aphid). Hosts: wide range of plants, notably bean and beet. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Austria, Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Channel Islands, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Sardinia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), Afghanistan, Ceylon, China, Cyprus, Formosa, India, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon, Nepal, Pakistan, Persia, Philippine Islands, Turkey, USSR, AFRICA, Cameroun, Republic, Canary Islands, Belgian Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Kenya, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Nigeria, Republic of South Africa, Southern Rhodesia, Sudan, Tanganyika, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Hawaii, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, U.S.A., CENTRAL AMERICA and WEST INDIES, West Indies, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil.

scholarly journals Functional and Numerical Responses of Scymnus Syriacus Marseul (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to the Black Bean Aphid, Aphis Fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Under Laboratory Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Sabaghi ◽  
Ahad Sahragard ◽  
Reza Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Prey Density ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Black Bean ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
And Function ◽  
Type Ii Functional Response ◽  
Black Bean Aphid

Functional and Numerical Responses ofScymnus SyriacusMarseul (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to the Black Bean Aphid,Aphis FabaeScopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Under Laboratory ConditionsFunctional and numerical responses are basic to any investigation of predator-prey relationships and key components in the selection of predators for biological control. In this study, functional and numerical responses of the female and male ladybeetles,Scymnus syriacusMarseul to different densities of third instar nymphs ofAphis fabae(i.e.5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 80) as prey, were studied in a growth chamber (25°C, 65±5% RH and a photoperiod of 16L : 8D h) on the broad bean,Vicia fabaeLinn. Using the logistic regression, a type II functional response for both female and male ladybeetles was determined. Using Nonlinear least-square regression, the searching efficiency (a') and handling times (Th) of the female and male adults were estimated as 0.123±0.006 h, 0.434±0.012 h and 0.115±0.008 h, 0.514±0.016, respectively. The Rogers model was used to estimate the maximum theoretical predations (T/Th) for female and male, which were 55.18 and 46.64, respectively. These results indicated a higher efficiency in female ladybeetles. The reproductive numerical response, in terms of eggs laid, increased curvlinearly with increasing prey density. The reproductive response trend was similar to the shape of the type II functional response. This similarity means both responses are interlinked and function simultaneously. The efficiency of the ingested food conversion (ECI) of the females decreased with prey density, as females laid 25±0.65 eggs when exposed to the highest prey density (80) and 3±0.44 eggs at lowest prey density (5).

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