A Life-history Study of Anthrenus flavipes Lec. (Col., Dermestidae)

1957 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Ayappa ◽  
P. S. Cheema ◽  
S. L. Perti
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Fluctuating Temperature ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Length Of Life

Anthrenus flavipes Lec. (vorax Waterh.), commonly known as the Furniture Carpet Beetle, is a widely occurring species of wool-destroying insect in India. It feeds on woollen materials, feathers, bristles, furs, horse-hair, horny substances and other materials of a keratinous nature. The adult beetles feed on pollen and nectar of flowers in nature and are harmless; and it is the larva which destroys the above materials. The life-history of the pest has been studied at several controlled levels of temperature and humidity, and also in a room where the humidity was controlled at 70–75 per cent. R.H. and the temperature fluctuated between 25 and 31°C. over the year. The results are compared with those of earlier authors. The sex-differentiating characters have also been investigated in the pupa and adult.Temperature influences the duration of the egg stage and the viability of eggs. The incubation period of eggs at 25, 30, 25 to 31, 35 and 37·5°C. is about 13, 8, 7, 6 and 4 days, respectively. The viability of eggs is greater at 25 to 31, 35 and 37·5°C. than at 25 and 30°C. The fluctuating temperature (25 to 31°C.) has a more favourable effect on the incubation period and viability of eggs than the constant temperatures of 25 and 30°C. Humidity, however, has no effect on either the duration of the egg stage or the viability of eggs.Temperature has a marked effect on the total larval period and to a lesser extent on the number of larval instars. The larval period is appreciably less at 25 to 31°C. and 35°C. than at 30°C. The number of larval instars is greater at 30 and 35°C. than at 25 to 31°C. though the duration of each instar is less at 35°C. than at 25 to 31 and 30°C. The fluctuating temperature (25 to 31°C.) is more favourable to rapid larval development than the constant temperature of 30°C. and also reduces the number of instars. Humidity has no effect on the number of larval instars and the total larval period.Larvae thrive most satisfactorily on woollen fabric treated with 10 to 20 per cent, commercial yeast.The duration of the pupal period and the number of adults emerging are dependent on temperature. The pupal period is about 14, 12, 9 and 7 days at 25, 25 to 31, 30 and 35°C. and is nearly the same for the male and the female. Humidity has no effect on the pupal period. These results are discussed in relation to those of earlier workers.The pre-emergence (quiescent) period extends over 7 to 9, 7 to 8, 6 to 8 and 5 to 6 days at 25, 25 to 31, 30 and 35°C., respectively, irrespective of sex. Humidity has no appreciable effect on this period. These results are at variance with those reported by earlier workers.The length of life of the adults is dependent on temperature but humidity has no appreciable effect on this period. The nature of food influences the length of life of the adults. A female starts laying eggs 4 to 10 days after emergence, depending upon temperature and humidity, and lays 12 to 41 eggs. The sex ratio between male and female was found to be 0·8:1.The entire life-cycle is shortest at 35°C. Under conditions similar to those of the experiments described, there are one to one-and-a-half generations of the insect in a year depending upon the temperature conditions.

scholarly journals Biology Of The Angoumois Grain Moth, Sitotroga Cerealella (Oliver) On Stored Rice Grain In Laboratory Condition

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Akter ◽  
M Jahan ◽  
MSI Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Condition ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Sitotroga Cerealella ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Angoumois Grain Moth ◽  
Female Longevity

The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Shere- Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from May 2009 to April 2010 to study the biology of the Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella (Oliver) in Bangladesh. The ovipositional period, incubation period, larval period, pre-pupal period and pupal period of Angoumois grain moth were 3.67 days, 5.5 days, 25.2 days, 3.0 days and 5.0 days, respectively; male and female longevity of moth were 8.0 and10 days, respectively. The lengths of all five larval instars were 1.0 ± 0.00, 2.0 ± 0.02, 4.0 ± 0.06, 5.0 ± 0.03 and 4.0 ± 0.06 mm, and the widths were 0.10 ± 0.0, 0.4 ± 0.0, 0.6 ± 0.01, 0.8 ± 0.02 and 1.0 ± 0.09 mm, respectively. The length and width of the pre-pupa and the pupa were 4.0 ± 0.02, 3.5 ± 0.01 mm and 1.20 ± 0.05, 1.50 ± 0.03 mm respectively. The length of male and female was 11.2 ± 0.09 and 12.07 ± 0.06 mm respectively. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 39(1): 61-67, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v39i1.16034

scholarly journals Effects of temperature, relative humidity and host on the biology of anisopteromalus calandrae (Hymenoptera: pteromalidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
KN Ahmed ◽  
MR Hasan ◽  
H Ahmed ◽  
MA Hannan ◽  
SK Ghose
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Rhizopertha Dominica ◽  
Anisopteromalus Calandrae ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Developmental period of the pteromalid wasp Anisopteromalus calandrae, was observed in the laboratory using two types of hosts at different constant temperature and relative humidity. The developmental period ranged from 28.6 ± 6.6 days at 20°C temperature and 90% R.H. to 10.7 ± 2.1 days at 35°C and 90% R.H. Mating of the adult parasites occurred shortly after emergence at all the temperature regimes and relative humidities under study period. The female started laying eggs within 1 day at 25, 30 and 35°C and in about 1.5 – 2.0 days at 20°C. Relative humidity had no appreciable effect on oviposition. The incubation period was 2.1 ± 0.1 days at 20°C and 50% R.H. The larval period decreased from 9.3 ± 0.1 days at 20°C to 3.2 ± 0.1 days at 35°C. The relative humidity played no pronounced effect on the larval durations. The developmental period from egg to adult with Rhizopertha dominica as host was found to be shorter, being approximately one day less than that of S. oryzae as host. The duration of developmental period of male was less than that of female irrespective of temperatures and relative humidity conditions. The pupal period in female individuals decreased from 15.5 ± 0.1 days at 20ºC to 5.1 ± 0.1 days at 35ºC. The variations in relative humidity at different constant temperatures lengthened the pupal period to a lesser extent as was revealed form the experiments performed.Bangladesh J. Zool. 41(1): 87-96, 2013

scholarly journals Aspects of the biology of Ephestia cautella and Tribolium castaneum on fermented stored cocoa beans

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
E. A. Oyewo ◽  
B. O. Amo
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Ephestia Cautella ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Kwame Nkrumah ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

 Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidotera: Pyralidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are pests associated with dried fermented stored cocoa beans that cause extensive damage. The biology of these pests on cocoa beans in Ghana has not been well documented, especially on T. castaneum. Due to climate changes and improved/hybrid seedlings being released to farmers, it has become necessary to re-evaluate the biology and damage of these pests on fermented stored cocoa beans. The experiments were conducted in the Insectary laboratory of the Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. Paired 0-1 day old E. cautella adults were placed in Petri dishes and covered with Kilner jars. The eggs laid daily by each female were carefully transferred onto 15 g cocoa beans in Petri dishes. The egg incubation period was four days, 31 days larval period and the pupal period of seven days. Unmated adult males lived for 12.1 days and females 7.9; mated males lived for 10.9 days and females 5.5. Paired T. castaneum were introduced on 2.0 g broken cocoa beans in Petri dishes. The average incubation period was nine days, 40 days larval period, and pupal period of five days.

scholarly journals Nest Structure, Development and Natural Enemies of Ceratina hieroglyphica Smith, A Stem Nesting Bee Colonizing Cashew Trees in Hilly Terrains

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Vanitha Kaliaperumal
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Nest Structure ◽  
Structure Development ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
Honey Solution

AbstractCeratina hieroglyphica nesting sites were located in dried tiny twigs of cashew trees, and the life stages were observed through periodical collection of nests. Nests were located in the pithy region up to a maximum of 20 cm deep, and individual cells of 3.5 4 mm were separated by partitions. In 2017, one hundred and two nests were collected, of which twenty-two had been abandoned. Older cells were at the bottom of nests, while young ones towards the entrance. Among the different stages, the most in the nests were adults (51.8%), followed by pupal stages. Periodical collection of nests and the observations on developmental stages of the bees indicated that the nesting period was found to occur between October and March. Each egg was laid on a pollen provision located in separate cells and the incubation period lasted for 3.1±0.29 days. The larval period and pupal period lasted for 8.4±0.63 days and 7.3±01.41 days, respectively. Adults survived up to fourteen days in lab conditions with 10% honey solution. Parasitoids, predators and pathogens recorded on this bee species are also presented here.

scholarly journals BIONOMICS OF THE JUTE YELLOW MITE, POLYPHAGOTARSONEMUS LATUS (BANKS) (ACARI: TARSONEMIDAE) IN JUTE (CORCHORUS OLITORIUS L.) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE-HUMIDITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Md. Nazrul Islam ◽  
Khandakar Shariful Islam ◽  
Mahbuba Jahan ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Polyphagotarsonemus Latus ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Successive Generations

The jute yellow mite Polyphagotarsonemus latus constitutes one of the major pests of jute crop in Bangladesh. The objective of this work was to study the biology of the P.latus, to determine its temperature-humidity responces in jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) var. O-9897. Bionomics of jute yellow mite, Polyphagotarsonemus laenerationtus (Banks) were studied in the laboratory of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute during March 2013 to September 2013. The incubation period of yellow mite on the variety O-9897 was 1.95 days for female and 1.90 days for male; larval period of 1.00 days for female, 0.75 days for male ; pupal period of 0.70 days for female and 0.71 days for male ; egg-adult period of 3.65 days for female and 3.44 days for male were highest in the 1st generation with 25.55±0.15oC and 56±1.47% relative humidity among three generations. pre-oviposition and oviposition period was o.65 days and 12.25 days. The highest longevity 13.45 days for female and 8.50 days for male. The daily mean of eggs were 2.20, 1.91 and 1.75 eggs in three successive generations. The number of eggs laid per female in her life time was 28.6, 24.8 and 12.2 eggs.

The Biology of Nausibius clavicornis (KUG.) (Col., Cucujidae)

1959 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Breese ◽  
Thelma E. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Yellow Crystal ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Under Five ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Development Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Severe Disturbance

Nausibius clavicornis (Kug.) is a cosmopolitan Cucujid that has frequently been recorded from sugar. It is commonly found in this commodity in Trinidad, where it has not been collected from any other.The adult and other stages are described, and an account is given of the life-history on Haydak's formula at 85°F. and 75 per cent. R.H. Development has also been studied on two types of unrefined sugar.Copulation can take place within one day of the emergence of either sex and the female may begin laying within four days of copulation. The average number of eggs laid was 275 and the overall viability was 85 per cent. The average incubation period was just under five days.The larvae of both sexes may undergo only five moults in development, but the more usual number for females is six. When larvae are disturbed during development, both sexes tend to have six larval instars. Severe disturbance may induce a seventh moult. The mean development period from oviposition to the emergence of the adult was 30 days when there were five larval instars; when there were six, development took about two days longer. Larval mortality on Haydak's formula was low.Ovipositing females lived for up to 163 days under controlled conditions, but males tended to outlive females by about 50 days.On unrefined sugars (e.g., raw or yellow-crystal sugar), adults lived for almost as long (73:99) as on Haydak's formula, but oviposition was greatly reduced and the viability of the eggs was much lower. Larval mortality was high, especially in the first instar, and the total development period was greatly increased.It is unlikely that N. clavicornis could multiply rapidly in raw or unrefined sugar, and any deterioration in stored sugar directly attributable to it would probably be small in comparison with that caused by other factors.

scholarly journals Biological traits and susceptibility of Delia antiqua (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in onion

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-332
Author(s):  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Shanjida Sultana ◽  
Tangin Akter ◽  
Shefali Begum
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Larval Period ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Delia Antiqua ◽  
Unmated Female ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Total Life

The pre-oviposition period of mated and unmated female reared on Bangladeshi and Indian onion was 4.5 ± 0.5, 4.37 ± 0.6 days and 4.11 ± 0.09, 4.45 ± 0.32 days, respectively. The oviposition period of mated and unmated female was 5.6 ± 0.6, 6.03 ± 0.6 days and 6.48 ± 0.39, 6.5 ± 0.34 days reared on Bangladeshi and Indian onion, respectively. The life cycle of Delia antiqua consisted of four definite stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. The incubation period was1.38 ± 0.11 and 1.25 ± 0.05 days; larval period was 5.7 ± 0.7 and 5.4 ± 0.05 days; pupal period was 6.8 ± 0.2 and 6.08 ± 0.2 days, respectively. There were three larval instars in D. antiqua. To complete the total life cycle it required shorter period in Indian than in Bangladeshi onion. The total life cycle of female was 16.73 ± 0.89 and 15.29 ± 0.45 days, respectively on Bangladeshi and Indian onion. The difference between the life cycle of female was significant (p < 0.05) in Bangladeshi and Indian onion. Fecundity was higher in Indian than in Bangladeshi onion. The fecundity of female D. antiqua reared in Bangladeshi and Indian onion was 75.2 ± 4.09 and 89.2 ± 2.39, respectively and it was significantly (p < 0.05) varied. Female lived longer than male D. antiqua. It was more susceptible in Indian than Bangladeshi onion irrespective of the duration of life cycle and fecundity. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 325-332, 2019

Life History of Choristoneura lambertiana subretiniana Obraztsov (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Attacking Lodgepole Pine

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 684-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Stark ◽  
J. H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
First Instar ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe life history of a tortricid cone moth Choristoneura lambertiana subretiniana Obraztsov in California is described. The larvae feed primarily on staminatc flowers and cones of lodgepole pine although some needle- and tip-mining occurs. The only other recorded host is ponderosa pine.Eggs are deposited in late July to early August; first-instar larvae migrate from the needles to protected locations on the branches and spin hibernacula. The larvae overwinter predominantly as second-instar larvae in the hibernaculum. They emerge from the hibernacula in April, and mature in four to six weeks. There are six larval instars. The pupal period lasts approximately two weeks; adult emergence begins in mid-July and extends through the end of August.

LIFE HISTORY AND HABITS OF A LEAF TIER, AROGA ARGUTIOLA (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE), ON SWEET FERN IN MICHIGAN

1974 ◽  
Vol 106 (9) ◽  
pp. 991-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis F. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Larval Instars

AbstractAroga argutiola is univoltine in Michigan. The adult emerges in late May and oviposits on sweet fern (Myrica aspleniifolia L.). There are six larval instars. The larva constructs a nest by tying leaves together, and then feeding on the leaves in and adjacent to the nest. The last instar overwinters on the ground in a cocoon. The pupa appears in May.

scholarly journals Biology of the Wild SilkmothAnaphe panda(Boisduval) in the Kakamega Forest of Western Kenya

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mbahin ◽  
S. K. Raina ◽  
E. N. Kioko ◽  
J. M. Mueke
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Kakamega Forest ◽  
Pupal Period ◽  
Indigenous Forest

A study on the life cycle of the silkmothAnaphe panda(Boisduval) was conducted in two different habitats of the Kakamega Forest in western Kenya: Ikuywa, an indigenous forest, and Isecheno, a mixed indigenous forest. Eggs were laid in clusters, and the incubation period ranged from 40 to 45 days. Larvae fed onBridelia micrantha(Hochst) and passed through seven instars. The developmental period took between 83 to 86 days in the dry season and 112 to118 days in the rainy season. The pupal period ranged between 158 and 178 days in the rainy season and, on the other hand, between 107 and 138 days in the dry season. But the later caught up in development with those that formed earlier. Moths emerged from mid-October until mid-May. Longevity of adultAnaphe pandamoths took between 4 and 6 days, but generally females seemed to live longer than males. The moth also seems to have higher lifespan in the indigenous forest compared to the mixed indigenous forest.

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