Cross-amplified microsatellites in the European cherry fly, Rhagoletis cerasi: medium polymorphic–highly informative markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Augustinos ◽  
A.K. Asimakopoulou ◽  
N.T. Papadopoulos ◽  
K. Bourtzis
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Rapid Tool ◽  
Rhagoletis Cerasi

AbstractThe European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a major pest of cherries in Europe and parts of Asia. Despite its big economic significance, there is a lack of studies on the genetic structure of its natural populations. Knowledge about an insect pest on molecular, genetic and population levels facilitates the development of environmentally friendly control methods. In this study, we present the development of 13 microsatellite markers for R. cerasi, through cross-species amplification. These markers have been used for the genotyping of 130 individuals from five different sampling sites in Greece. Our results indicate that (i) cross-species amplification is a versatile and rapid tool for developing microsatellite markers in Rhagoletis spp., (ii) the microsatellite markers presented here constitute an important tool for population studies on this pest, and (iii) there is clear structuring of natural European cherry fly populations.

Development and characterization of fungal specific microsatellite markers in the lichenLobarina scrobiculata(Lobariaceae, Ascomycota)

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Prieto ◽  
Lidia Romera ◽  
Sonia Merinero ◽  
Gregorio Aragón ◽  
Isabel Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Unbiased Gene ◽  
Effective Conservation

AbstractLobarina scrobiculata(better known asLobaria scrobiculata) is a widespread lichen, threatened and Red-Listed in various European countries. Microsatellite markers for the mycobiont ofL. scrobiculatawere developed in order to investigate its genetic diversity in the Iberian Peninsula and Europe and to design effective conservation strategies. A total of 7 polymorphic markers were isolated and characterized. These microsatellites were tested in natural populations found in the Iberian Peninsula. The number of observed alleles ranged from 3 to 8, and the Nei's unbiased gene diversity from 0·26 to 0·59. These microsatellite markers are the first to be developed forL. scrobiculataand they will be useful for population studies and for the assessment of the conservation status of this species.

scholarly journals Parallel Sequencing of Wolbachia wCer2 from Donor and Novel Hosts Reveals Multiple Incompatibility Factors and Genome Stability after Host Transfers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 720-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Morrow ◽  
Daniela I Schneider ◽  
Lisa Klasson ◽  
Caroline Janitz ◽  
Wolfgang J Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Stability ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Bacterial Genome ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Type I ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Type V ◽  
Rhagoletis Cerasi

Abstract The application of Wolbachia in insect pest and vector control requires the establishment of genotypically stable host associations. The cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) inducing Wolbachia strain wCer2 naturally occurs in the cherry fruit fly Rhagoletis cerasi as co-infection with other strains and was transferred to other fruit fly species by embryonic microinjections. We obtained wCer2 genome data from its native and three novel hosts, Drosophila simulans, Drosophila melanogaster, and Ceratitis capitata and assessed its genome stability, characteristics, and CI factor (cif) genes. De novo assembly was successful from Wolbachia cell-enriched singly infected D. simulans embryos, with minimal host and other bacterial genome traces. The low yield of Wolbachia sequence reads from total genomic extracts of one multiply infected R. cerasi pupa and one singly infected C. capitata adult limited de novo assemblies but was sufficient for comparative analyses. Across hosts wCer2 was stable in genome synteny and content. Polymorphic nucleotide sites were found in wCer2 of each host; however, only one nucleotide was different between R. cerasi and C. capitata, and none between replicated D. simulans lines. The wCer2 genome is highly similar to wAu (D. simulans), wMel (D. melanogaster), and wRec (Drosophila recens). In contrast to wMel and wRec (each with one cif gene pair) and wAu (without any cif genes), wCer2 has three pairs of Type I cif genes, and one Type V cifB gene without a cifA complement. This may explain previously reported CI patterns of wCer2, including incomplete rescue of its own CI modification in three novel host species.

scholarly journals Spatial spread of Wolbachia in Rhagoletis cerasi populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 20180161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vid Bakovic ◽  
Martin Schebeck ◽  
Arndt Telschow ◽  
Christian Stauffer ◽  
Hannes Schuler
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Infection Frequency ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spatial Spread ◽  
Limited Dispersal ◽  
Rhagoletis Cerasi

The bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia has been used to control insect pests owing to its ability to manipulate their life history and suppress infectious diseases. Therefore, knowledge on Wolbachia dynamics in natural populations is fundamental. The European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi , is infected with the Wolbachia strain w Cer2, mainly present in southern and central European populations, and is currently spreading into w Cer2-uninfected populations driven by high unidirectional cytoplasmic incompatibility. Here, we describe the distribution of w Cer2 along two transition zones where the infection is spreading into w Cer2-uninfected R. cerasi populations. Fine-scale sampling of 19 populations in the Czech Republic showed a smooth decrease of w Cer2 frequency from south to north within a distance of less than 20 km. Sampling of 12 Hungarian populations, however, showed a sharp decline of w Cer2 infection frequency within a few kilometres. We fitted a standard wave equation to our empirical data and estimated a Wolbachia wave speed of 1.9 km yr −1 in the Czech Republic and 1.0 km yr −1 in Hungary. Considering the univoltine life cycle and limited dispersal ability of R. cerasi , our study highlights a rapid Wolbachia spread in natural host populations.

scholarly journals Insect fauna of pests and their natural enemies inhabiting sorghum-panicles in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam M. K. H. El-Gepaly
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Cryptoblabes Gnidiella ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Lepidopteran Pests ◽  
Major Pest

AbstractSorghum panicles offer a very rich microenvironment for many insect pest species and their natural enemies. Thirty arthropod species belonging to 28 families, pertaining to 9 orders were obtained from sorghum panicles planted in Sohag Governorate, Egypt, during the 3 successive seasons of 2016–2018. Out of these species were 14 pests, 16 predators, and 3 parasitoids. Lepidopteran and hemipteran pests were the most dominant species-infested sorghum-panicles during the mature stages of the panicles. Three microlepidopteran pests, the noctuid, Eublemma (Autoba) gayneri (Roth.); the pyralid, Cryptoblabes gnidiella Millière, and the cosmopterigid, Pyroderces simplex Walsingham, were recorded as major pest species infesting sorghum panicles in Sohag Governorate. The dipteran parasitoid species, Nemorilla floralis (Fallen) (Tachinidae) emerged from the pupae of the E. gayneri and C. gnidiella, while the hymenopteran parasitoid, Brachymeria aegyptiaca (Chalcididae) was obtained from the pupae of all the studied microlepidopteran pests. Spiders, coccinellids, and Orius spp. were the dominant predators collected form panicles. Post-harvest, larvae, and pupae of lepidopteran pests, especially P. simplex recorded (147, 96, and 79 larvae) and (47, 30, and 73 pupae)/10 panicles in 2016, 2017, and 2018 seasons, respectively.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of medfly populations in an area of sterile insect technique applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Sancho ◽  
Ana Guillem-Amat ◽  
Elena López-Errasquín ◽  
Lucas Sánchez ◽  
Félix Ortego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Sterile Insect Technique ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Genetic Sexing ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Genetic Sexing Strains

AbstractThe sterile insect technique (SIT) is widely used in integrated pest management programs for the control of the Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata. The genetic interactions between the released individuals from the genetic sexing strains (GSS), used for SIT applications worldwide, and wild individuals have not been studied. Under the hypothesis that a number of Vienna GSS individuals released to the field might not be completely sterile and may produce viable offspring, we have analyzed medfly Spanish field populations to evaluate the presence of Vienna strain genetic markers. To this goal, we have used contrasted nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers, and two novel sets of nuclear polymorphisms with the potential to be markers to discriminate between Vienna and wild individuals. Nuclear Vienna markers located on the 5th chromosome of Vienna males have been found in 2.2% (19 from 875) of the Spanish wild medfly females captured at the area where SIT is applied. In addition, a female-inherited mitochondrial Vienna marker has been found in two from the 19 females showing nuclear Vienna markers. The detection of several of these markers in single individuals represents evidence of the introgression of Vienna strain into natural populations. However, alternative explanations as their presence at low frequency in wild populations in the studied areas cannot be fully discarded. The undesired release of non-fully sterile irradiated GSS individuals into the field and their interactions with wild flies, and the potential environmental implications should be taken into account in the application of the SIT.

Genetic characterization of novel polymorphic microsatellite markers for Epilobium nankotaizanense (Onagraceae), an endemic and threatened herb in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yu-Wei Tseng ◽  
Chi-Chun Huang ◽  
Chih-Chiang Wang ◽  
Chiuan-Yu Li ◽  
Kuo-Hsiang Hung
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
The Family ◽  
Conservation Genetic ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellite

Abstract Epilobium belongs to the family Onagraceae, which consists of approximately 200 species distributed worldwide, and some species have been used as medicinal plants. Epilobium nankotaizanense is an endemic and endangered herb that grows in the high mountains in Taiwan at an elevation of more than 3300 m. Alpine herbs are severely threatened by climate change, which leads to a reduction in their habitats and population sizes. However, only a few studies have addressed genetic diversity and population genetics. In the present study, we developed a new set of microsatellite markers for E. nankotaizanense using high-throughput genome sequencing data. Twenty polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed and tested on 30 individuals collected from three natural populations. These loci were successfully amplified, and polymorphisms were observed in E. nankotaizanense. The number of alleles per locus (A) ranged from 2.000 to 3.000, and the observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 0.929 and from 0.034 to 0.631, respectively. The developed polymorphic microsatellite markers will be useful in future conservation genetic studies of E. nankotaizanense as well as for developing an effective conservation strategy for this species and facilitating germplasm collections and sustainable utilization of other Epilobium species.

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