Mandates

1928 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Arnold D. McNair
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Private Law ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
End Of The World ◽  
Mandate System

The method adopted at the end of the World War for dealing with the colonies and territories of Germany and Turkey which it was decided to detach from them is known as the mandate system, and is embodied in Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, which is an integral part of the treaties of peace with Germany, Austria, Bulgaria and Hungary. Under this system these detached territories are not in the owner-ship of any State, but are entrusted to certain States called ‘Mandatory States’ to administer on behalf of the League upon the conditions laid down in written agreements called mandates between the League and each mandatory. The system, which was proposed by General Smuts, is a novelty in International Law, and although the term ‘mandate’ suggests certain analogies in private law, it is doubtful whether much practical help in the understanding and application of the system can be derived from these sources.

International cooperation in crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 196-219
Author(s):  
A. J. Kox ◽  
H. F. Schatz
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
World War ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
The World ◽  
End Of The World ◽  
International Scientific Cooperation

Chapter 11 deals with the slow process of restoring international scientific cooperation after the end of the World War, highlighting the Dutch role and Lorentz’s untiring efforts in the various, at first unsuccessful attempts to include German scientists in international scientific cooperative bodies. In particular, his important role as member and later chairman of the commission for international intellectual cooperation of the League of Nations (CICI) is discussed.

5. Socialist and Revisionist Zionisms, 1917–1939

2016 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Michael Stanislawski
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
World War ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
British Policy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mandate System

Britain gained control over Palestine in the “mandate” system created by the League of Nations after the debacle of the World War I. “Socialist and revisionist Zionisms, 1917–1937” outlines the rise in Palestine of the socialist Zionist parties—both the Marxist Zionists and the Utopian Zionists—and their virtual monopoly over the basic institutions of the Jewish community in Palestine. It also describes the right-wing Revisionist Zionism and its founder, Vladimir Jabotinsky. The reversal of British policy on Palestine and its proposal for the partition of the country into Jewish and Arab states was met with opposition by most of the Zionist groups, as well as the Palestinian nationalist movement.

Hegemony and International Law

1941 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Kruszewski
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
First World War ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
World War ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Formidable Challenge ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The World ◽  
World Organization ◽  
First World

In the titanic struggle for leadership in Europe, Great Britain is resisting the most formidable challenge to her supremacy. For centuries, her principal foreign policy was to prevent any establishment of hegemony over the entire European continent. After the first World War, British statesmen, however, were convinced “that they could no longer bear the burden of regulating world affairs alone. They urged a League of Nations…. But national sovereignties were no more prepared to collaborate in a democratic world organization than they had been to submit to British domination. Thus, instead of the League of Nations succeeding to the British imperial hegemony, the world fell into anarchy in a new struggle of several states, each striving to become the dominant Power.”

Origin of the System of Mandates Under the League of Nations

1922 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pitman B. Potter
Keyword(s):  
League Of Nations ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Present System ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Government ◽  
Indefinite Future ◽  
Mandate System

The present arrangements for the government of the colonial territories taken from Germany and Turkey in the World War, arrangements which may collectively be described as the system of mandates under the League of Nations, may work well or they may work badly. They may persist into an indefinite future, they may come to an abrupt termination and leave nothing of their own kind in their place, or, most probable of all, they may be progressively modified in one way or another with the passage of time and changes of circumstances. But, whatever happens hereafter, the present system is now an accomplished fact, and will necessarily be taken as the basis for any action in the future. The apparent inclination of at least one great power to insist upon all its rights in former German and Turkish territories now under mandate to other powers, and the firmness of the latter in defending their position under the mandate system, indicate, further, that the present system has already created rights, interests, and claims on one side and another which will call for constant consideration and regulation as time goes on.

Tautai

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
British Empire ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
Indigenous Resistance ◽  
World Government ◽  
Pacific History ◽  
The World

This is a biography of Ta’isi O. F. Nelson, the Sāmoan nationalist leader who fought New Zealand, the British Empire and the League of Nations between the world wars. It is a richly layered history that weaves a personal and Pacific history with one that illuminates the global crisis of empire after World War One. Ta’isi’s story weaves Sweden with deep histories of Sāmoa that in the late nineteenth century became deeply inflected with colonial machinations of Germany, Britain, New Zealand and the U. S.. After Sāmoa was made a mandate of the League of Nations in 1921, the workings and aspirations of that newly minted form of world government came to bear on the island nation and Ta’isi and his fellow Sāmoan tested the League’s powers through their relentless non-violent campaign for justice. Ta’isi was Sāmoa’s leading businessman who was blamed for the on-going agitation in Sāmoa; for his trouble he was subjected to two periods of exile, humiliation and a concerted campaign intent on his financial ruin. Using many new sources, this book tells Ta’isi’s untold story, providing fresh and intriguing new aspects to the global story of indigenous resistance in the twentieth century.

Sovereignty at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard V. Smith
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
International Relations ◽  
International System ◽  
International Relations Theory ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Great Power ◽  
World War ◽  
Treaty Of Versailles ◽  
The World ◽  
Paris Peace Conference

We have long known that the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 “failed” in the sense that it did not prevent the outbreak of World War II. This book investigates not whether the conference succeeded or failed, but the historically specific international system it created. It explores the rules under which that system operated, and the kinds of states and empires that inhabited it. Deepening the dialogue between history and international relations theory makes it possible to think about sovereignty at the conference in new ways. Sovereignty in 1919 was about remaking “the world”—not just determining of answers demarcating the international system, but also the questions. Most histories of the Paris Peace Conference stop with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles with Germany on June 28, 1919. This book considers all five treaties produced by the conference as well as the Treaty of Lausanne with Turkey in 1923. It is organized not chronologically or geographically, but according to specific problems of sovereignty. A peace based on “justice” produced a criminalized Great Power in Germany, and a template problematically applied in the other treaties. The conference as sovereign sought to “unmix” lands and peoples in the defeated multinational empires by drawing boundaries and defining ethnicities. It sought less to oppose revolution than to instrumentalize it. The League of Nations, so often taken as the supreme symbol of the conference’s failure, is better considered as a continuation of the laboratory of sovereignty established in Paris.

The Compost Wars

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
First World War ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Popular Audience ◽  
First World

After the death of Gabrielle Howard from cancer, Albert married her sister Louise. Louise had been pressured to leave Cambridge as a classics lecturer as a result of her pro-peace writings during the First World War. After working for Virginia Wolf, she then worked for the League of Nations in Geneva. Louise was herself an expert on labor and agriculture, and helped Albert write for a popular audience. Albert Howard toured plantations around the world advocating the Indore Method. After the publication of the Agricultural Testament (1943), Albert Howard focused on popularizing his work among gardeners and increasingly connected his composting methods to issues of human health.

The Institute of International Law

1927 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-736
Author(s):  
James Brown Scott
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Post War ◽  
In The Mists

The scientific organizations which flourished before the World War have had great difficulty in continuing their labors after its termination. The Institute of International Law has been no exception. It was to have met in Munich in September, 1914, and its program had been completely arranged; but the war which started in August, 1914, necessarily put an end to all arrangements for the session. A resort to arms inevitably brings with it a desire for its avoidance; and the greater the war, the greater the desire. A decade, a generation struggles in the mists and shadows, seeking to extricate itself from the post-war spirit, condemning the past somewhat indiscriminately and advocating innovations which, new in expression, are nevertheless the aspirations of those who, in all time, crushed and bruised by force, seek to replace it by justice.

The Development of International Law after the World War

1924 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-39
Author(s):  
Philip Baker
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
World War ◽  
The World

scholarly journals Coal and Colonialism: Production Relations in an Indian Coalfield, c. 1895–1947

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (S4) ◽  
pp. 83-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip Simeon
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
World War ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
Jharia Coalfield ◽  
The World ◽  
Production Relations ◽  
Underground Fire ◽  
End Of The World ◽  
Deep Source

The year 1995 marked the centenary of the exploitation of a 400 squarekilometre tract in the Indian province of Bihar known as the Jharia coalfield. From 1895, when rail lines entered the region, until the end of the World War I, coal output in India increased tenfold and the size of the mines' workforce fivefold. By 1907 Jharia was yielding half of India's output. One of its oldest mines was Khas Jharia, which worked a 260-feet deep source. Thirty-four years after it opened, its surface had merged with the outskirts of Jharia township and restrictions were imposed on the dimensions of its galleries. Despite these, Khas Jharia's pillars collapsed on 8 November 1930 causing an 18-feet deep subsidence and widespread destruction. This incident was the proximate cause of an underground fire which rages to this day.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document