Sesame Agronomy in South-east Tanzania. I. Plant Population and Sowing Method

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Taylor ◽  
J. Y. Chambi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Local Practice ◽  
Optimum Population ◽  
Viable Seeds

SUMMARYField trials are described in which the seed yield response of row-sown sesame to increasing plant population was examined, and in which row-sowing was compared with broadcasting at different seed rates. Maximum yields were obtained at an intended 200 to 250 × 103 plants ha−1 but yields were not greatly affected by a wider range of populations. Broadcasting, the normal local practice, gave yields slightly higher than those from rows 50 cm apart, the un-thinned rate of 800 × 103 viable seeds sown ha−1 yielded as well as treatments thinned to the optimum population, and double this seed rate, unthinned, gave the lowest yields, especially in rows.

scholarly journals Variability in yield of four grain legume species in a subhumid temperate environment I. Yields and harvest index

2004 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. AYAZ ◽  
B. A. McKENZIE ◽  
G. D. HILL ◽  
D. L. McNEIL
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Optimum Population ◽  
Crop Harvest ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Seed Yields

In 1998/99 and 1999/2000, field trials were conducted to try to explain why grain legume yields and harvest index are more variable than many other crops. Treatments involved varying plant populations and sowing depths and were selected to maximize plant variability. Both yields and harvest index were variable. Total dry matter (TDM) production generally increased as plant population increased up to twice the optimum population. Increases ranged from 80 to 130% with lupins producing the highest yields of 878 and 972 g/m2 of TDM in 1998/99 and 1999/2000 respectively. While plants sown at 10 cm depth produced more TDM than did plants sown at 2 cm, the difference was only 3%. Seed yields followed similar trends to TDM, with maximum yields (mean of 403 g seed/m2) produced at twice the optimum population. Crop harvest index (CHI) was quite variable and ranged from 0·31 to 0·66. Crop HI was lowest (0·43) at the lowest population and increased to 0·55 at twice the optimum plant population. In both seasons, lentil had the highest CHI and lupin the lowest. While CHI was variable there were very close relationships between seed yield and TDM which suggested that maximum seed yield depends on maximizing TDM production. The results also suggest that growers should increase population by a factor of two to obtain maximum seed yields.

Responses of soybean genotypes to intercropping with maize in the Southern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
C. U. Egbo ◽  
M. A. Adagba ◽  
D. K. Adedzwa
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Location Interaction

Field trials were conducted in the wet seasons of 1997 and 1998 at Makurdi, Otukpo and Yandev in the Southern Guinea Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria to study the responses of ten soybean genotypes to intercropping. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design. The genotypes TGX 1807-19F, NCRI-Soy2, Cameroon Late and TGX 1485-1D had the highest grain yield. All the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) values were higher than unity, indicating that there is great advantage in intercropping maize with soybean. The yield of soybean was positively correlated with the days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, pods/plant and leaf area, indicating that an improvement in any of these traits will be reflected in an increase in seed yield. There was a significant genotype × yield × location interaction for all traits. This suggests that none of these factors acted independently. Similarly, the genotype × location interaction was more important than the genotype × year interaction for seed yield, indicating that the yield response of the ten soybean genotypes varied across locations rather than across years. Therefore, using more testing sites for evaluation may be more important than the number of years.

scholarly journals Agronomic management of lentil under relay cropping system

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjib Kumar Mandi ◽  
Hasim Reja ◽  
Milan Kanti Kundu ◽  
Srijani Maji ◽  
Rajib Nath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Relay Cropping ◽  
Plot Design

A field experiment was conducted at District Seed Farm, Kalyani, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (22.97oN, 88.43oE, 9.75m MSL), Nadia, West Bengal, India during rabi season of 2014-16 to identify the optimum seed rate and variety for relay cropping with transplanted long duration kharif rice under changing onset of monsoon. The experiment was laid down in split plot design with three replications comprising of three lentil varieties (PL6, WBL 77 and NDL 1) in main plot and four seed rates (50, 60, 70 and 80 kg ha-1) in sub-plot. The varieties and seed rates significantly affected the plant population, pods per plant, biological and seed yield. The lentil variety PL 6 recorded highest seed yield (1446.8 kg ha-1) with the seed rate of 60 kg ha-1 followed by WBL 77 and NDL 1. Among the varieties PL6 recorded highest test weight (27.58 g) followed by NDL 1 (18.36 g) and WBL 77 (16.20 g). The variety PL 6 exhibited highest seed yield which was mainly attributed by the highest test weight of seeds along with moderate plant population m-2 and number of pods plant-1.

Evidence for differences between three wheat cultivars in yield response to plant population

1991 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 701 ◽  
Author(s):  
WK Anderson ◽  
J Barclay
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Optimum Population

Three wheat cultivars were grown at five seed levels in 15 experiments under rain-fed conditions in the central wheatbelt of Western Australia in the 1986, 1987 and 1988 seasons. Guthea (released in 1982, 87 cm tall) required less seed and fewer plants on average to achieve its maximum grain yield than either Gamenya (released in 1960, 82 cm) or Aroona (released in 1981, 73 cm). At sites where Gutha was best adapted its optimum population was 65 plants m-2, about half of the population required by the other two cultivars. At sites where Aroona was best adapted its optimum population was 110 plants m-2. Gutha produced larger ears, especially at small populations, but did not increase kernel numbers per m2 in response to increased populations as much as Aroona. It is suggested that when a new cultivar is released its optimum plant population should be assessed in the area for which it is recommended.

scholarly journals Agronomic management of lentil under relay cropping system 

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjib Kumar Mandi ◽  
Md Hasim Reja ◽  
Milan Kanti Kundu ◽  
Srijani Maji ◽  
Rajib Nath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Relay Cropping ◽  
Plot Design

A field experiment was conducted at District Seed Farm, Kalyani, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (22.97oN, 88.43oE, 9.75m MSL), Nadia, West Bengal, India during rabi season of 2014-16 to identify the optimum seed rate and variety for relay cropping with transplanted long duration kharif rice under changing onset of monsoon. The experiment was laid down in split plot design with three replications comprising of three lentil varieties (PL6, WBL 77 and NDL 1) in main plot and four seed rates (50, 60, 70 and 80 kg ha-1) in sub-plot. The varieties and seed rates significantly affected the plant population, pods per plant, biological and seed yield. The lentil variety PL 6 recorded highest seed yield (1446.8 kg ha-1) with the seed rate of 60 kg ha-1 followed by WBL 77 and NDL 1. Among the varieties PL6 recorded highest test weight (27.58 g) followed by NDL 1 (18.36 g) and WBL 77 (16.20 g). The variety PL 6 exhibited highest seed yield which was mainly attributed by the highest test weight of seeds along with moderate plant population m-2 and number of pods plant-1. 

Sensitivity of field-grown soybean to future atmospheric CO2: selection for improved productivity in the 21st century.

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis H. Ziska ◽  
James A. Bunce
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Vegetative Biomass ◽  
Glycine Max L

Although genotypic differences among soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars in their response to future CO2 partial pressures have been observed in the glasshouse, it is unclear if similar responses would occur among cultivars when grown under field conditions at normal stand densities. To determine variation in the sensitivity of soybean growth and seed yield to CO2, we grew two contrasting cultivars of the same maturity group, Ripley (semi-dwarf, determinate) and Spencer (standard, indeterminate), to reproductive maturity at ambient and elevated (30 Pa above ambient) CO2 partial pressures for two field seasons. Spencer had been previously selected in glasshouse trials as responsive to increased CO2. Significant cultivar x CO2 interaction was observed for both vegetative biomass and seed yield, with Spencer demonstrating a consistently greater yield enhancement at elevated CO2 than Ripley (60 vs 35%, respectively). Differences in CO2 sensitivity between cultivars were not evident in measurements of single leaf photosynthesis taken during anthesis, nor early or late pod-fill. Analysis of reproductive characteristics indicated that the sensitivity of the seed yield response to CO2 in Spencer was associated with the ability to form additional seed on axillary branches in response to elevated CO2. Data from this experiment suggest that screening of soybean germplasm at the glasshouse level, when combined with field trials, may be an effective strategy to begin selecting soybean lines that will maximize yield in a future, higher CO2 environment.

scholarly journals Effect of Variety and Seed Rate on Yield Performance of Mungbean Under Strip Tillage System

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Md Moshiur Rahman ◽  
Taslima Zahan ◽  
MS Ali ◽  
M Begum ◽  
RW Bell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Pod Length

A study was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during March-June, 2013 to evaluate the performance of mungbean varieties and to determine the optimum seed rate under strip tillage system. Three mungbean varieties (BARI Mung-6, Binamung-5 and Binamung-8) were tested against five seeding rates (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 kg ha-1). The experiment was laid out in splitplot design with three replications. The study revealed that variety and seed rate had significant effect on plant population, pods plant-1, pod length, seeds pod-1, seed yield and stover yield of mungbean. The highest seed yield was obtained from Bina mung-5 at 35 kg seed ha-1 while the highest stover yield was obtained from 40 kg seed ha-1. For BARI Mung-6 and Binamung-8, 35 kg seed ha-1 also provided higher seed yield than other seeding rates. Nevertheless, the lowest seed and stover yields were obtained from Bina mung-8 with 20 kg seed ha-1. Therefore, the study concluded that machine seeding of mungbean at 35 kg seed ha-1 ensure optimum seed yield for tested varieties under strip tillage system and cultivation of Bina mung- 5 at 35 kg seed ha-1 can produce the maximum seed yield under this system.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 81-86

Response of pea to rate and placement of triple superphosphate fertilizer in Alberta

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. McKenzie ◽  
A. B. Middleton ◽  
E. D. Solberg ◽  
J. DeMulder ◽  
N. Flore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Fertilizer Response ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
Significant Yield

The expansion of the pea acreage on the Canadian prairies has increased the need for more information on P fertilizer response by pea to both rate and method of placement. To determine responsiveness, 52 field trials using triple superphosphate (TSP) were conducted from 1995 to 1998 over a wide range of soil types across Alberta. Five rates of 0, 6.5, 13.1, 19.6 and 26.2 kg P ha–1 were placed with the seed or in bands applied prior to seeding. The application of TSP significantly (P < 0.1) increased pea seed yield at 19 of 52 sites. The average increase in seed yield due to TSP application was 7%, with values ranging from –12 to +33% across all trials. The average yield benefit was similar in the Thin Black, Black and Gray soil zones, but was negligible in the Dark Brown soil zone and in irrigated trials. Of the 31 trials with soil test P (modified Kelowna method) levels of less than 30 kg P ha–1 to 15 cm, 52% had a significant yield increase due to application of TSP, while only one of 17 trials with soil test P levels of more than 30 kg P ha–1 had a significant yield increase. Application of 13.1 kg P ha–1 was sufficient to attain close to maximum yields in trials with soil test P levels of less than 30 kg P ha–1. The yield response of pea was insensitive to TSP placement. The mineral impact of seed placement on yield in this study was likely due to the less damaging effects of seedling growth of TSP than of the more commonly used source of P, monoammonium phosphate (MAP). Seed protein and P concentrations were not strongly affected by TSP application. Key words: Pisum sativum, phosphorus fertilizer, fertilizer placement

The effect of seed rate and growing season on four oat cultivars: II. Culm morphology and panicle conformation

1968 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. T. Jones ◽  
J. D. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Relative Length ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Length Increase ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SUMMARYThe effects of low and high seed rates on height, culm and panicle morphology of four oat cultivars grown in field trials in two growing seasons were investigated. Significant differences were detected between cultivars in the number of extended culm internodes, panicle whorls initiated, total height, length of panicle and individual internodes. Differences in seed rate had no effect on the number of culm internodes, but high seed rate significantly reduced the whorl number in the panicle, total plant height, length of panicle and the three upper internodes. The fourth internode remained unaffected, but the lowermost internode showed a relative length increase at high seed rate. The interaction of cultivar x seed rate was significant for total height, and for the length of the central internodes, but the length of the panicle was similarly affected in all cultivars.Panicle conformation was markedly affected by seed rate; high population density caused a reduction in number of grain-bearing whorls, and reduced the number of spikelets and total grain weight per whorl, and 1000 grain weight particularly in the lowermost whorls. The percentage of husk in the grain was increased slightly at high seed rate. The effect of seed rate on culm and panicle morphology is discussed in relation to the development of stiffer-strawed oats.

Seed Yield Response of Three Switchgrass Cultivars for Different Management Practices 1

1985 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Kassel ◽  
R. E. Mullen ◽  
T. B. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Yield Response
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