VI.—The Salt Deposits of Dax and the Pyrenees

1904 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
P. W. Stuart-Menteath
Keyword(s):  
Rock Salt ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
Thermal Springs ◽  
Salt Formation ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Salt Deposits

On the rail to Biarritz the roots of the Pyrenees first appear at Dax, and are accompanied by those ophites and thermal springs which are special features of the entire chain. Vast deposits of salt, to whose first development I contributed, have added an important industry to the resources of this ancient capital of Aquœ Tarbelliœ, where the exact harness depicted on Roman medals is still characteristic of every cart. Beneath the existing ditch of the Roman fortifications rock-salt was accidentally discovered by a boring for mineral water, and the salt is now worked at three miles to the south-east, and is indicated by springs for a distance of seven miles. The deposit is known to be about 100 feet in thickness, but is of unknown depth beneath the existing borings.Along the entire outskirts of both sides of the Pyrenees similar salt deposits abound, and they are often similarly accompanied by igneous rocks.The salt formation of Dax is distinctly limited by the valley of the Adour, which here ceases to wander among the sands of the plain, and is suddenly and sharply diverted along a tectonic depression, running towards the Pyrenees in a south-west direction. Precisely parallel to this course, in the Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks of the Pyrenees, there runs, at a dozen miles to the north-west, the most remarkable example known of a tectonic valley sunk beneath the ocean. The Gouf de Capbreton, sinking with steep sides to over 3,000 feet beneath the even bottom of the Atlantic skirt, and affording evidence of igneous rocks in its surroundings and in the irregularities of its floor, is a perfect analogue of the neighbouring tectonic portion of the Adour.

The Metamorphosed Limestones and Associated Contaminated Igneous Rocks of the Carlingford District, Co. Louth

1932 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 209-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
The South ◽  
Ordnance Survey ◽  
Igneous Complex ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Carboniferous Limestone ◽  
Contamination Effects

THE Carlingford-Barnave district falls within the boundaries of Sheet 71 of the Ordnance Survey of Ireland, and forms part of a broad promontory lying between Carlingford Lough on the north-east and Dundalk Bay on the south-west. The greater part of this promontory is made up of an igneous complex of Tertiary age which has invaded the Silurian slates and quartzites and the Carboniferous Limestone Series. This complex has not yet been investigated in detail, but for the purposes of the present paper certain references to it are necessary, and these are made below. The prevalence of hybrid-relations and contamination-effects between the basic and acid igneous rocks of the region is a very marked feature, and because of this it has been difficult at times to decide which types have been responsible for the various stages of the metamorphism.

Part VI. The Cyclopean Terrace Building and the Deposit of Pottery beneath It

1954 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 267-291
Author(s):  
Elizabeth B. Wace
Keyword(s):  
Contour Line ◽  
The South ◽  
Main Road ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West

The Cyclopean Terrace Building lies to the north-west of the Lion Gate on the northern end of the Panagia Ridge and faces almost due west across the valley of the Kephissos and modern main road from Corinth to Argos. It lies just below the 200 m. contour line, and one terrace below the houses excavated in 1950–51 by Dr. Papadimitriou and Mr. Petsas to the east at the same end of the ridge. The area contains a complex of buildings, both successive and contemporary, and in view of the discovery of structures both to the south-west and, by the Greek Archaeological Service, to the north-east it is likely that this whole slope was covered by a portion of the outer town of Mycenae. This report will deal only with the structure to which the name Cyclopean Terrace Building was originally given, the so-called ‘North Megaron’, supported by the heavy main terrace wall.The excavation of this structure was begun in 1923. The main terrace wall was cleared and two L.H. IIIC burials discovered in the top of the fill in the south room. In 1950 it was decided to attempt to clear this building entirely in an endeavour to find out its date and purpose. The clearing was not, however, substantially completed until the close of the 1953 excavation season, and this report presents the available evidence for the date as determined by the pottery found beneath the building; the purpose is still a matter for study, though various tentative conclusions can be put forward.

scholarly journals The South Greenland regional uranium exploration project

1980 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
A. B Armour-Brown ◽  
T Tukiainen ◽  
B Wallin
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Uranium Mineralisation ◽  
Uranium Exploration ◽  
Detailed Nature ◽  
Sampling Survey

The SYDURAN project completed the airborne gamma-spectrometer and geochemical sampling survey over some 14 000 km2 of south-west Greenland from the fjord Sermiligarssuk in the north-west to Kap Farvel in the south and up the east coast as far as the southern shore of Lindenows Fjord. This covered all the Ketilidian structural zones and a small area of Archaean as classified by Allaart (1976) (fig. 29). Geological field work and prospecting of a more detailed nature was carried out in five areas where previous work indicated possibie uranium mineralisation.

III.—On the Discovery of a Quartzose Conglomerate at Caldon Low, Staffs

1919 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wilfrid Jackson ◽  
W. E. Alkins
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
Good Fortune ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Limestone Quarries ◽  
Strong Joint

During a visit to the limestone quarries at Caldon Low last September we had the good fortune to discover an interesting exposure of a quartzose conglomerate containing numerous fossils. The bed was exposed in a strong joint-face running approximately N.N.W. to S.S.E., at the northern extension of the quarry on the north-west flank of the Low, just beyond the mineral line of the North Staffordshire Railway. The altitude is about 900 feet O.D. The conglomerate apparently extended some little distance to the south-west before the opening of the quarry, as we ascertained that some 20 or 30 yards had been removed in gaining access to the limestone behind. It appears to extend for some distance round the flank of the Low towards the north-east.

1. On a recent Landslip

1862 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 560-563
Author(s):  
John Duns
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Physical Features

In the introduction to this paper, the author pointed out the prominent physical features of the district in which the landslip occurred. At the point where the trap-ridge, which stretches in a south-west direction from Linlithgow to the neighbourhood of Airdrie, sendsone irregular fork to the north-west, and another to the south-west, a broad depression occurs. In this lies the Auchingray moss, the scene of the landslip. Here the parish of New Monkland, Lanarkshire, meets that of Slamannan, Stirlingshire, The following figure is a rough plan of the ground between the Slamannan Railway and Haldane's Moss Road. The area specially influenced by the landslip is enclosed by dotted lines.

scholarly journals I.—The Kishon and Jordan Valleys

1904 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Bonney
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Physical Geology

That broad trench through the Palestine Highlands, an ancient highway and battlefield of nations—the plain of Esdraelon or the valley of Megiddo, together with the plain of Acre—has for long presented to me a difficult problem in Physical Geology, for it seemed inexplicable by subaerial denudation under existing conditions. Its floor varies roughly from five to eight miles in breadth; running approximately from south-east to north-west, it is bounded on the more western side by the limestone mountains of Samaria and on the more eastern by those of Galilee. The former descend from the ridge of Carmel (1,742 feet at highest) with a fairly steep escarpment, which becomes a little less regular as we follow it to the bastion-mass of Mount Gilboa; the latter correspond in their general outlines with those of the eastern portion of Samaria, but the advance of a lower spur towards the south-west divides the plain of Esdraelon from that of Acre, by a kind of strait in which, so far as I could see, there is but little level ground on either side of the Kishon. This spur, however, of the northern hills, hardly does more than interrupt the floor of the Kishon valley, for above it the great trench is continued between two hill masses, much of these ranging from thirteen to sixteen hundred feet above sea-level. Beyond the strait the upper basin (plain of Esdraelon) quickly broadens out, extending towards the south-east for about fifteen or sixteen miles, where it is divided into two arms by Jebel Duhy (Little Hermon) (1,690 feet), which is thus isolated from Tabor (1,846 feet) on the north, and from Gilboa (1,698 feet) on the south; a broad, rather shallow, grassy valley descending from the last-named mass to lose itself in the plain.

Colonisation of the south-west Australian coastline by mud crabs: evidence for a recent range expansion or human-induced translocation?

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 833 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gopurenko ◽  
Jane M. Hughes ◽  
Lynda Bellchambers
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Source Population ◽  
The South ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Mud Crabs

Mud crabs (Portunidae; Scylla spp.) have become established recently in some south-west Australian estuaries – almost 1000 km south of their recorded distribution. Colonisation may have occurred by a natural range expansion from the north-west or by translocation from source(s) within the Indo-West Pacific. To identify the species and the potential source population(s), genetic analyses was used to compare south-west crabs (N = 32) to other populations. Levels of diversity at two independent genetic markers were also compared to obtain relative estimates of effective population size between colonist and suspected source population(s). Comparisons of mitochondrial DNA sequences (COI) indicated that all south-west crabs were Scylla serrata. Indeed, the sole haplotype found among colonists was identical to one prevalent but endemic to more diverse north-west Australian populations. In contrast, source and colonist populations had equally high levels of genetic diversity at two microsatellite loci. It is argued that the south-west region was colonised by large numbers of S. serrata from north-west Australia through a recruitment event enhanced by the strong 1999/2000 Leeuwin Current. Differences in diversity among nuclear and mitochondrial loci may reflect different responses to the colonisation process; it is predicted that such differences are prevalent among plankton-dispersed species.

An Iron Age Hill-Fort at Grimthorpe, Yorkshire, England

1969 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 148-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Stead ◽  
M. Jarman ◽  
Angela Fagg ◽  
E. S. Higgs ◽  
C. B. Denston
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Circular Area ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
White Horse ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Grave Goods

The Iron Age hill-fort at Grimthorpe (Grid reference SE.816535) in the parish of Millington, East Riding of Yorkshire, is on the western edge of the Yorkshire Wolds, with a commanding position over the Vale of York. There is an uninterrupted view to the White Horse on the Hambleton Hills, 25 miles to the north-west; beyond York, 13 miles to the west, to the Pennines; and to the south 25 miles to the chimneys of Keadby and Scunthorpe. To the west and south the land slopes away to the Vale of York, and to the north and east there is a sharper fall to Given Dale and Whitekeld Dale. The hill-fort defences follow the 520 feet contour, and enclose an approximately circular area of eight acres (fig. 1).A traditional reference may be preserved in the field-name—Bruffs—perhaps a variation of ‘Brough’, which ‘refers in all cases to ancient camps, usually Roman ones’. But all surface indications have now been obliterated by ploughing, and even a century ago there was little more to be seen. John Phillips in 1853 noticed ‘unmistakable traces of ancient but unascertainable occupation’, and in 1871 an excavation by J. R. Mortimer located ‘the filled up inner ditch of a supposed camp’. But Mortimer was not concerned with the settlement; his interest had been aroused by the discovery, in 1868, of a burial with rich grave-goods, including metalwork with La Tène ornament, in a chalk-pit within the south-west sector of the hill-fort.

scholarly journals Kos Astypalaia

1898 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Duncan Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
The Village

From the modern town of Kos, on the site of the ancient capital at the north-east extremity of the island, to the village of Kephalos at the southwest end is a ride of eight hours.The village stands on a chalky plateau which beyond the isthmus marks the beginning of the mountain district of south-west Kos. This in turn is a repetition on a smaller scale of the mountain region, at the other end of the island, which forms the lofty termination to the long central tableland. The highest points of the mountain district are towards the south-east where the fall to the sea is very rapid. The highest neighbouring peak, Mount Ziní, is about an hour distant from the village in a south-easterly direction, while all that lies to the north-west of the main range is high pastoral country with many torrent beds.

scholarly journals Subnational estimates of maternal mortality in Nigeria: Analysis of female siblings’ survivorship histories. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Oluwatosin Babajide ◽  
Joshua Odunayo Akinyemi ◽  
Olusola Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
The South ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West

Abstract BACKGROUND High Maternal Mortality (MM) in Nigeria is further complicated by the lack of reliable estimates for subnational levels such as states and geopolitical regions. Disaggregating maternal mortality estimates by subnational levels is crucial to ensuring policy decisions and program implementation are adapted to areas with a high burden of mortality. This study involves a novel adaptation of small area estimation techniques to derive plausible estimates of levels and trends in Maternal Mortality rates and ratios for states and geopolitical regions in Nigeria. METHODS. Survivorship history data of 293,769 female siblings were provided by 114,154 women in the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys of 2008, 2013 and 2018. MM Rates and Ratios were estimated using the Empirical Bayesian technique for small area demographic estimates. The James-Stein estimator was used to shrink the estimates closer to the population mean values with 95% Confidence Interval (CI). RESULTS Levels of MMRatio were highest in the rural areas, States and regions in Northern Nigeria. MMRatio was consistently lower in the South West (2008=281; 2013=367; 2018=392) and higher among the Northern regions of the country, particularly the North-East (2008=654; 2013=612; 2018=901) for three consecutive surveys. Over the three surveys, mortality trends declined about 18% in the North West and 54.2% in the South East region. However, there was a 4.8% increase in MMRatio for South West between 2008 to 2018. CONCLUSIONS Nigeria has geopolitical and sub-national disparities that pose a burden to the country’s maternal health. Since several states in the Northern geopolitical zone still show high maternal mortality, targeted intervention at state levels should be explored to ensure that mothers who need help get it to ensure the sustainable development goals are met.

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