New geochronological data on Palaeozoic igneous activity and deformation in the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago, Russia, and implications for the development of the Eurasian Arctic margin

2006 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
HENNING LORENZ ◽  
DAVID G. GEE ◽  
MARTIN J. WHITEHOUSE
Keyword(s):  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
October Revolution ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
The North ◽  
Intrusive Rocks ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago

The Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago, located close to the continental edge of the Kara Shelf in the Russian high Arctic, represents, together with northern Tajmyr, the exposed Neoproterozoic and Palaeozoic part of the North Kara Terrane. This terrane has been interpreted as an independent microcontinent or part of a larger entity, such as Arctida or Baltica, prior to collision with Siberia in Late Carboniferous time. A major stratigraphic break, the Kan'on (canyon) River Unconformity, separates folded Late Cambrian from Early Ordovician successions in one area, October Revolution Island. New geochronological U–Th–Pb ion-microprobe data on volcanic and intrusive rocks from this island constrain the age of an important magmatic episode in the earliest Ordovician. A tuff, in association with Tremadocian fossils, overlying the Kan'on River Unconformity, has been dated to 489.5 ± 2.7 Ma. The youngest rocks beneath the unconformity are of the Peltura minor Zone, and the latter has been dated previously, in western Avalonia, to 490.1+1.7−0.9 Ma. Thus, little time is available for the tectonic episode recorded by the unconformity, and the similarities in radiometric dates may indicate problems with the correlation of faunal markers for the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary across palaeo-continents. The other extrusive and intrusive rocks which have been related to Early Ordovician rifting in the Severnaya Zemlya area yield ages from 489 Ma to 475 Ma. An undeformed granite, cutting folded Neoproterozoic successions on neighbouring Bol'shevik Island has been dated to 342 ± 3.6 Ma and 343.5 ± 4.1 Ma (Early Carboniferous), in accord with evidence elsewhere of Carboniferous strata unconformably overlying the folded older successions. This evidence conflicts with the common interpretation that the structure of the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago originated during the collision of the North Kara Terrane with Siberia in Late Carboniferous time. An alternative interpretation is that Severnaya Zemlya was located in the Baltica foreland of the Caledonide Orogen and that the eastward-migrating deformation of the foreland basin reached the area of the archipelago in latest Devonian to Early Carboniferous time. This affinity of the North Kara Terrane to Baltica is further supported by 540–560 Ma xenocrysts in Ordovician intrusions on October Revolution Island, an age which is characteristic of the Timanide margin of Baltica.

Geology of the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago and the North Kara Terrane in the Russian high Arctic

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Lorenz ◽  
Peep Männik ◽  
David Gee ◽  
Vasilij Proskurnin
Keyword(s):  
High Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago

scholarly journals U–Pb Age and Hf Isotope Geochemistry of Detrital Zircons from Cambrian Sandstones of the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago and Northern Taimyr (Russian High Arctic)

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria B. Ershova ◽  
Andrei V. Prokopiev ◽  
Andrey K. Khudoley ◽  
Tom Andersen ◽  
Kåre Kullerud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detrital Zircon ◽  
Isotope Geochemistry ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Detrital Zircons ◽  
Hf Isotope ◽  
Magmatic Arc ◽  
Novaya Zemlya ◽  
Late Neoproterozoic ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago

U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope analyses of detrital zircons collected from metasedimentary rocks from the southern part of Kara Terrane (northern Taimyr and Severnaya Zemlya archipelago) provide vital information about the paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of the Russian High Arctic. The detrital zircon signatures of the seven dated samples are very similar, suggesting a common provenance for the clastic detritus. The majority of the dated grains belong to the late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian ages, which suggests the maximum depositional age of the enclosing sedimentary units to be Cambrian. The εHf(t) values indicate that juvenile magma mixed with evolved continental crust and the zircons crystallized within a continental magmatic arc setting. Our data strongly suggest that the main provenance for the studied clastics was located within the Timanian Orogen. A review of the available detrital zircon ages from late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian strata across the wider Arctic strongly suggests that Kara Terrane, Novaya Zemlya, Seward Peninsula (Arctic Alaska), Alexander Terrane, De Long Islands, and Scandinavian Caledonides all formed a single tectonic domain during the Cambrian age, with clastics predominantly sourced from the Timanian Orogen.

Late Weichselian Glaciation of the Russian High Arctic

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Siegert ◽  
Julian A. Dowdeswell ◽  
Martin Melles
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Late Weichselian ◽  
Barents And Kara Seas ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya ◽  
Weichselian Glaciation

A numerical ice-sheet model was used to reconstruct the Late Weichselian glaciation of the Eurasian High Arctic, between Franz Josef Land and Severnaya Zemlya. An ice sheet was developed over the entire Eurasian High Arctic so that ice flow from the central Barents and Kara seas toward the northern Russian Arctic could be accounted for. An inverse approach to modeling was utilized, where ice-sheet results were forced to be compatible with geological information indicating ice-free conditions over the Taymyr Peninsula during the Late Weichselian. The model indicates complete glaciation of the Barents and Kara seas and predicts a “maximum-sized” ice sheet for the Late Weichselian Russian High Arctic. In this scenario, full-glacial conditions are characterized by a 1500-m-thick ice mass over the Barents Sea, from which ice flowed to the north and west within several bathymetric troughs as large ice streams. In contrast to this reconstruction, a “minimum” model of glaciation involves restricted glaciation in the Kara Sea, where the ice thickness is only 300 m in the south and which is free of ice in the north across Severnaya Zemlya. Our maximum reconstruction is compatible with geological information that indicates complete glaciation of the Barents Sea. However, geological data from Severnaya Zemlya suggest our minimum model is more relevant further east. This, in turn, implies a strong paleoclimatic gradient to colder and drier conditions eastward across the Eurasian Arctic during the Late Weichselian.

U–Pb ages of some crystalline rocks from the Burlington Peninsula, Newfoundland, and implications for the age of Fleur de Lys metamorphism

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2316-2324 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Mattinson
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Primary Crystallization ◽  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
New Age ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Thermal Event ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Intrusive Rocks ◽  
Show Evidence

U–Pb measurements on minerals from the Burlington Peninsula indicate that volcanic rocks of the Grand Cove Group and the probably cogenetic Cape Brule porphyry have primary crystallization ages of 475 ± 10 Ma (Early Ordovician). Later intrusive rocks, including the Dunamagon granite, the Burlington granodiorite and the Seal Island Bight syenite were intruded between 445 and 435 Ma ago. The Grand Cove Group and the Cape Brule porphyry completely predate deformation and metamorphism of the eastern division of the Fleur de Lys Supergroup; the Seal Island Bight syenite, Burlington granodiorite, and Dunamagon granite were evidently emplaced during the early stages of this orogeny. The new age results therefore suggest that the orogeny is Taconic in the classic sense. Some of the isotope systems show evidence of a strong thermal event about 340 Ma ago (Early Carboniferous, Acadian). This event may have caused resetting of some of the Rb–Sr isochron ages recently reported for this area.

Biostratigraphy and evolution of Late Carboniferous and Early Permian smaller foraminifers from the Barents Sea (offshore Arctic Norway)

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Groves ◽  
Gregory P. Wahlman
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Wall Layer ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Smaller Foraminifers ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Iterative Evolution ◽  
Nearly Continuous

Nearly continuous cores from a 500-meter interval of upper Moscovian through post-Artinskian carbonate strata on the Finnmark Platform have yielded rich assemblages of fusulinaceans and smaller foraminifers. The fusulinaceans provide an independent time framework for evaluating stratigraphic occurrences of associated smaller foraminifers. Information derived from this study has been integrated with that from previous investigations to produce a smaller foraminiferal biostratigraphic model for the High Arctic. Kasimovian strata are characterized by occurrences of Nodosinelloides spp., Protonodosaria spp. and Hemigordius schlumbergeri. Overlying lower Gzhelian beds are identified by the appearances of Raphconilia modificata and Amphoratheca iniqua. Tezaquina clivuli and Cribrogenerina gigas first occur in upper Gzhelian strata, and Asselian rocks contain appearances of Geinitzina postcarbonica and Pachyphloia spp. Phylogenetic reconstructions suggest that the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian pseudovidalinids (Archaediscacea) derived from the Pseudoammidiscidae, as did the older group of predominantly Early Carboniferous archaediscaceans. The repeated development of similar morphologies within the two groups of archaediscaceans includes examples of both convergence and iterative evolution. The Protonodosariidae and Syzraniidae most likely evolved from an earlandiid ancestor. The syzraniids gave rise to the Geinitzinidae, which in turn gave rise to the Pachyphloiidae. As in the archaediscaceans, evolution within and among the Earlandiidae, Protonodosariidae, Syzraniidae, Geinitzinidae and Pachyphloiidae includes multiple examples of repeated patterns. Two key phenotypic developments seemingly led to bursts of diversification in different groups throughout late Paleozoic foraminiferal evolution. The acquisition of an outer hyaline or pseudofibrous wall layer was a morphologic breakthrough followed by taxonomic radiation in both groups of archaediscaceans and in the Earlandia-Syzrania lineage. The second major event was the shift from an undivided tubular morphology to uniserial morphology in both the Earlandiidae-Protonodosariidae and Syzraniidae-Geinitzinidae lines. Nodosinelloides pinardae is proposed as a new name for Nodosaria grandis Lipina, 1949 (preoccupied).

scholarly journals The Drabo corymbosae-Papaveretea dahliani − a new vegetation class of the High Arctic polar deserts

Hacquetia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred J. A. Daniëls ◽  
Arve Elvebakk ◽  
Nadezhda V. Matveyeva ◽  
Ladislav Mucina
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
New Order ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
New Class ◽  
Franz Josef Land ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Vegetation Class ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya ◽  
Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago

Abstract A new class and a new order (Drabo corymbosae-Papaveretea dahliani and Saxifrago oppositifoliae-Papaveretalia dahliani) have been described, and the Papaverion dahliani validated. This is vegetation of zonal habitats in lowlands of the High Arctic subzone A (or Arctic herb, cushion forb or polar desert subzone) and of ecologically equivalent sites at high altitudes on the mountain plateaus of the High Arctic. The new class spans three continents – North America (Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Greenland), Europe (parts of Svalbard and Franz Josef Land), and Asia, including northern regions of Chelyuskin Peninsula (Taymir Peninsula), Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago and De Longa Islands.

Early Carboniferous minor intrusions of the Clyde Plateau: new data from the Cumbrae islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. E. Caldwell ◽  
G. M. Young
Keyword(s):  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
Magmatic Activity ◽  
Fracture Systems ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
Intrusive Rocks ◽  
External Relationships ◽  
Tectonic Lineament ◽  
Rock Suite ◽  
Internal Relationships

ABSTRACT:The Cumbrae islands are unmatched for study of minor intrusions associated with the Early Carboniferous Clyde Lava Plateau. The transitional to subalkaline rock suite is present in a linear swarm of c. 250 ENE to NE dykes – 82 ‘basaltic’ (basalt to hawaiite) and 18 ‘trachytic’ (benmoreite to felsite), with a crustal dilation of 13·3. This swarm provides a unique window on the shallow crustal feeder system of the lava plateau. A ‘trachytic’ secondary swarm, focused on the plateau volcano of Misty Law in the Renfrewshire Hills, is analogous to a similar swarm in the Campsie Fells linked to the Meikle Bin volcano, and a ‘basaltic’ secondary swarm, unusually dense, with crustal dilation of 24·7, may record projection of the Dumbarton–Fintry Volcano–Tectonic lineament from the Campsie and Kilpatrick hills into the Firth of Clyde. Accompanied by bosses, plugs, vents and sheeted structures, the swarms are inferred to overlie fracture systems in the Caledonian basement of the Midland Valley. Internal relationships among extrusive and intrusive rocks of the Early Carboniferous suite and external relationships to dyke suites recording regional tectono-magmatic events of Late Carboniferous and Palaeogene age allow formulation of a new relative chronology for magmatic activity in the western off-shore Midland Valley.

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