Excavations in Iraq, 1975

Iraq ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Director General ◽  
Alphabetical Order ◽  
Final Version ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Oriental Institute ◽  
Early Dynastic ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Excavation Work

The reports given below cover excavation work in Iraq during 1975, together with a few which could not be included in the last collection of reports for 1973–4 in Iraq 37 (1975), 57–67. The information on each site has been kindly provided by the director of the excavations, unless otherwise specified, and the final version checked by him wherever possible. The sites are arranged in alphabetical order, according to their best known name.The material for this report has been assembled by Mr. J. N. Postgate, Director of the British Archaeological Expedition to Iraq, and the Editors are glad to acknowledge his efforts. They join with him in expressing their gratitude to all those colleagues who have so willingly contributed information on their work, and especially to Dr. Isa Salman, the Director-General of Antiquities in Iraq, for his generous co-operation which alone has made this compilation possible.Excavations were restarted at this Early Dynastic site to the north-west of Nippur by the British Archaeological Expedition to Iraq under the direction of J. N. Postgate, and lasted from September to December, 1975. Work was confined to the main north-eastern mound, in Areas A and E investigated by the Oriental Institute expedition in 1963 and 1965.

Excavations in Iraq, 1973-74

Iraq ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Annual Report ◽  
Director General ◽  
Alphabetical Order ◽  
Final Version ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Excavation Work ◽  
Friday Mosque ◽  
The Temple

The reports given below cover excavation work in Iraq from June 1973 to December 1974. The information on each site has been kindly provided by the director of the excavations, unless otherwise specified, and the final version checked by him wherever possible. The sites are arranged in alphabetical order, according to their best known name. For a variety of reasons the collection of reports is not quite complete on this occasion: recently renewed excavations at Warka and Larsa were too late to be included, and work by the Directorate General of Antiquities at Hatra, Samarra, and in one or two Parthian or Seleucid sites on the eastern outskirts of Baghdad could not be covered. Reports on the work at Hatra, where Building b in the north-west corner of the Temple Enclosure yielded very interesting results, and at Samarra where work began at Qubbat al-Suleibiyah near Qasr al-Ashiq and was continued on the Friday Mosque, will be found in the forthcoming issue of Sumer, and we hope to include reports on all these excavations in our next annual report.The material for this report was assembled by Mr. J. N. Postgate, and the Editors are glad to acknowledge his efforts. They join with him in expressing their gratitude to all those colleagues who have so willingly contributed information on their work, and especially to Dr. Isa Salman, the Director General of Antiquities in Iraq, for his generous co-operation which alone has made the compilation possible.

Excavations in Iraq, 1971–72

Iraq ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-150
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Director General ◽  
Alphabetical Order ◽  
Final Version ◽  
British School ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Assistant Director ◽  
Excavation Work

The reports given below cover excavation work in Iraq for the year from June 1971 to May 1972; not included are sites where the work was largely or entirely restricted to restoration, such as Samarra, Aqar Quf, and Baghdad. The information on each site has been provided by the director of the excavations, unless otherwise specified, and the final version has been checked by him whenever possible. The sites are arranged in alphabetical order, and in some cases reference is made to their entry in Archaeological Sites in Iraq (published by the Directorate-General of Antiquities, Baghdad, 1970; abbreviated ASI).The material for this report was assembled by Mr. J. N. Postgate, Assistant Director of the British School of Archaeology in Iraq. The Editors are glad to acknowledge his efforts, and wish to express their gratitude to all those colleagues who have so willingly contributed information on their work, and especially to Dr. Isa Salman, the Director-General of Antiquities in Iraq, for his generous co-operation which alone has made the compilation possible.

Stanowiska reliktowego gatunku Betula humilis (Betulaceae) w Dolinie Górnego Nurca na Nizinie Północnopodlaskiej

2019 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Aleksander Kołos
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Ditches ◽  
North West ◽  
Hay Meadows ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Betula Humilis ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Betula humilis Schrank (shrubby birch) is among the most endangered shrub species in Poland. All localities are in the eastern and northern parts of the country, where the species reaches the western border of its geographical range in Europe. Betula humilis is disappearing in Poland due to wetland melioration and shrub succession. Over 80% of the localities described in Poland have not been confirmed in the last 20 years. Five new localities of B. humilis in the North Podlasie Lowland were recorded from 2008 to 2019 in the Upper Nurzec Valley (Fig. 1): 1–1.5 km south-west of Pawlinowo village (in the ATPOL GC7146 plot) and 1.5–2 km north-west of Żuki village (ATPOL GC7155, GC156 and GC166). The population near Pawlinowo (locality 1) is currently composed of ~80 individuals (101 individuals were noted in 2010) and is one of the largest populations in north-eastern Poland. Betula humilis grows there within patches dominated by Salix rosmarinifolia and megaforbs. The population at locality 5 is composed of 18 individuals. At the remaining localities, only 1–4 individuals were found, scattered along drainage ditches surrounded by hay meadows. At some of these localities the species is threatened with extinction. It is suggested to remove competitive trees and shrubs (mainly Populus tremula, Betula pubescens and Salix cinerea) in order to maintain the local populations.

Archaeology in Afghanistan

Antiquity ◽  
1947 ◽  
Vol 21 (82) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
R. E. M. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Director General ◽  
North West ◽  
Asiatic Society ◽  
The North ◽  
North West Frontier Province ◽  
The Government ◽  
Indian Mission ◽  
Royal Asiatic Society

The Government of Afghanistan recently sent two missions to India, where they were warmly welcomed and made many friends. In September 1946, the Government of India sent in return a small mission to Afghanistan to establish contact between the respective archaeological and historical activities of the two countries, with a view if possible to securing closer cultural collaboration. The Indian mission consisted of the Director General of Archaeology in India and his wife ; the Honourable Mr Justice N. G. A. Edgely, President of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal—the oldest learned society in Asia; and Mr M. A. Shakur, Curator of the Pesh#x0101;war Museum, sent by the Government of the North-West Frontier Province as the immediate neighbour of Afghanistan. The mission travelled in two ex-U.S.A. Army vehicles, a six-wheeled personnel-carrier and a jeep, with two Indian drivers and two Indian attendants.

Excavations in Iraq 1972–73

Iraq ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-204
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Director General ◽  
New York University ◽  
Alphabetical Order ◽  
Metropolitan Museum Of Art ◽  
British School ◽  
Old Babylonian ◽  
Assistant Director ◽  
Excavation Work

The reports given below cover excavation work in Iraq from June 1972 to May 1973. The information on each site has been kindly provided by the director of the excavations, unless otherwise specified, and the final version has been checked by him wherever possible. The sites are arranged in alphabetical order, according to their best known name.The material for this report was assembled by Mr. J. N. Postgate, Assistant Director of the British School of Archaeology in Iraq. The Editors are glad to acknowledge his efforts, and wish to express their gratitude to all those colleagues who have so willingly contributed information on their work, and especially to Dr. Isa Salman, the Director-General of Antiquities in Iraq, for his generous co-operation which alone has made the compilation possible.The third season of excavations of the joint expedition of the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Institute of Fine Arts of New York University to al-Hiba took place from October 1972 to January 1973.Work was concentrated in Area B located in the high west-central portion of the mound where occupation continued into the Old Babylonian period. Beneath the surface are the remains of an enormous platform of mud-brick, undoubtedly an Old Babylonian temple platform. Only the core of the platform was preserved.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Soil Moisture Variability in Poland from SMOS Satellite Observations

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusław Usowicz ◽  
Jerzy Lipiec ◽  
Mateusz Lukowski
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
North West ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Linear Distance ◽  
Classical Statistics ◽  
Ocean Salinity ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Smos Satellite

Soil moisture (SM) data play an important role in agriculture, hydrology, and climate sciences. In this study, we examined the spatial-temporal variability of soil moisture using Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite measurements for Poland from a five-year period (2010–2014). SMOS L2 v. 551 datasets (latitudinal rectangle 1600 × 840 km, centered in Poland) averaged for quarterly (three months corresponding to winter, spring, summer, and autumn) and yearly values were used. The results were analysed with the use of classical statistics and geostatistics (using semivariograms) to acquire information about the nature of anisotropy and the lengths and directions of spatial dependences. The minimum (close to zero) and maximum soil moisture values covered the 0.5 m3 m−3 range. In particular quarters, average soil moisture did not exceed 0.2 m3 m−3 and did not drop below 0.12 m3 m−3; the corresponding values in the study years were 0.171 m3 m−3 and 0.128 m3 m−3. The highest variability of SM occurred generally in winter (coefficient of variation, CV, up to 40%) and the lowest value was recorded in spring (around 23%). The average CV for all years was 32%. The quarterly maximum (max) soil moisture contents were well positively correlated with the average soil moisture contents (R2 = 0.63). Most of the soil moisture distributions (histograms) were close to normal distribution and asymmetric data were transformed with the square root to facilitate geostatistical analysis. Isotropic and anisotropic empirical semivariograms were constructed and the theoretical exponential models were well fitted (R2 > 0.9). In general, the structural dependence of the semivariance was strong and moderate. The nugget (C0) values slightly deceased with increasing soil moisture while the sills (C0 + C) increased. The effective ranges of spatial dependence (A) were between 1° and 4° (110–440 km of linear distance). Generally, the ranges were greater for drier than moist soils. Anisotropy of the SM distribution exhibited different orientation with predominance from north-west to south-east in winter and spring and changed for from north-east to south-west or from north to south in the other seasons. The fractal dimension values showed that the distribution of the soil moisture pattern was less diverse (smoother) in the winter and spring, compared to that in the summer and autumn. The soil moisture maps showed occurrence of wet areas (soil moisture > 0.25 m3 m−3) in the north-eastern, south-eastern and western parts and dry areas (soil moisture < 0.05 m3 m−3) mainly in the central part (oriented towards the south) of Poland. The spatial distribution of SM was attributed to soil texture patterns and associated with water holding capacity and permeability. The results will help undertake appropriate steps to minimize susceptibility to drought and flooding in different regions of Poland.

Population genetics of two tropical sharks, Carcharhinus tilstoni and C. sorrah, in Northern Australia

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 541 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Lavery ◽  
JB Shaklee
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Sufficient Variation

The genetic structure of the Australian populations of Carcharhinus tilstoni and C. sorrah was investigated by starch gel electrophoresis. Tissue samples were taken from 1580 sharks from throughout the fishery, which extends from the North-West Shelf (off Western Australia) to the north-eastern coast of Queensland. From a total of 47 enzyme loci screened in each species, 13 proved to be polymorphic (P0.99) for at least one species, with only 5 loci for each species showing sufficient variation (P0.95) to be of use in the analysis of population structure. Mean heterozygosity values were relatively low: 0.037 for C. tilstoni and 0.035 for C. sorrah. A low level of population subdivision was found within each species, with FST values of 0.0094 for C. tilstoni and 0.0076 for C. sorrah. There was insufficient evidence to suggest that there is more than one population of either species of shark in Australian waters.

Курган ямной культуры на южном берегу р. Егорлык

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-31
Author(s):  
Erdni A. Kekeev ◽  
◽  
Maria A. Ochir-Goryaeva ◽  
Evgeny G. Burataev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Eastern Slope ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Excavation Work ◽  
The Bronze Age

The article presents materials from the excavation work of the mound 1 from the Egorlyk group. The mound was formed over two burials of the Yamnaya culture of the early Bronze Age era. The only inlet burial was placed in the center of the mound during the transition period from the late Bronze Age to the early Iron Age. The discovery of this monument is significant because it is the first monument of the Bronze Age explored on the north-eastern slope of the Stavropol height, in-between the rivers Egorlyk and Kalaus and bounded from the east by the lake Manych.

The Place of the North-Eastern Transvaal Sotho in the South Bantu Complex

Africa ◽  
1938 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen Jensen Krige
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
The West ◽  
North West ◽  
Effective Barrier ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Game Reserve ◽  
Olifants River ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphThe Sotho of the North-Eastern Transvaal Lowveld occupy an area with fairly well-marked geographical boundaries. To the east, the Game Reserve, low-lying, unhealthy, very sparsely populated even in the old days, remains an effective barrier to contact with and further migrations from the Shangana-Tonga of Portuguese East Africa. South are the Olifants River and the towering Drakensberg range curving north-west then northwards to merge into the well-marked escarpment on the west dividing Lowveld from Highveld. On the north the Klein Letaba river roughly demarcates our area from the Venda and the Shangana-Tonga of the Knobnose Location. The Sotho-speaking Venda of Tswale and Moila, who fall well within this area, resemble in culture their Sotho-ized neighbours more than their own Venda kin to the north; but the Shangana- Tonga, who occupy most of the lower-lying eastern and north-eastern portion of the area and comprise at least one-third of its total population, are unassimilated strangers of different stock coming from the north-east and east. They have been entering since about 1840, usually in small bands, at first seeking the protection of and subjecting themselves to the Sotho owners of the land. On the arrival of the white man, some of their headmen were granted independent locations which have served as nuclei for the building up of more united tribal groups. (See accompanying map.)

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