Калмыцкий сборник обрамленных рассказов «Волшебный мертвец»

Indian collections of “framed stories” were well-known to Kalmyks and were widely popular. In the Kalmyk old script literature the most widespread manuscript was the collection of stories “The Magic Dead”. There are two editions of the text. The concise edition of the collection consists of a framed plot and thirteen stories and the full edition consists of a framed narrative and twenty six stories. The concise version of the Kalmyk framed collection was first published in 1804 in German translation by B. Bergman. In 1864, K. F. Golstunskiy published “The Magic Dead” in ‘clear script’. In 1866, B.Yulgi published another version of the text in ‘clear script’ and with German translation. In 1927, the representatives of Kalmyk emigration published “The Kalmyk Anthology” which included the concise edition of “The Magic Dead”. The Russian translation of the full edition of the collection of twenty six stories was first published by B. Ya. Vladimirtsov. However, the collection manuscript in ‘clear script’ was lost. It became known nowadays that the full edition of the collection was preserved among Oirats in Sinkiang.

Монгол домог дахь Мин улсын хаадын өгүүлэмж (= Устные предания монголов о правителях династии Мин)

In the oral traditions of Mongols there are a lot of legends and stories not only about Genghis Khan and the period of Mongolian Yuan dynasty, but also about the first emperor of the succeeding Ming dynasty Zhu Yuanzhang (1368–1398). These stories, first of all, tell that Zhu Yuanzhang was not of the noble origin, he was the son of a common man and became the king by good fortune. Secondly, they state that the Ming dynasty emperors were Mongols by their origin. Thirdly, all these stories and legends in their form and content are typical for Mongolian folklore. The goal of this article is to introduce the plot and themes of the Mongolian historic legends and stories about the Ming dynasty emperors. Most of the texts of legends and stories were recorded by the author from Agvanchoidor (they were included into the book “The Oral History of Mongolian-Tibetan Buddhism”) and also from other informants during expeditions.

Выразительные средства в поэзии Давида Кугультинова (на примере стихотворений из сборника «Шүүһәд барлсн шүлгүд»)

The article focuses on the poems of David Nikitich Kugultinov from the collection “Shүүһәd barlsn shүlgүd” published in 1971. A lot of researchers and admirers of David Kugultinov point out the amazing picturesqueness and corporealness of his poetry. The analysis of several poems showed that the distinctive feature of these works lies in the use of unanticipated, author’s substantive and other combinations. Imagery and richness of the poems are created by the use of different metaphors and similes. A special expressiveness and sensibility is achieved through semantic mobilization when all the lexical meanings are activated simultaneously. Ethno-specific tone and images give a distinctive Kalmyk flair to the author’s idea.

О двух сборниках обрамленных рассказов «Волшебного мертвеца»

The oral series of framed stories that developed on the basis of the literary collection “The Magic Dead” are well-known in the oral tradition of Oirats in China and Kalmyks in Russia. However, the Kalmyk collection of framed stories of the Kalmyk story-teller M. Burinov has been in the focus of Mongolian Studies research several times, whereas the collection of framed stories of Oirat story-teller O. Bayaka has been unavailable to local researchers until recently. The information about the recording, publication and the content of the Sinkiang version of the oral series of the framed stories is given in the article for the first time. The comparative analysis of the plot in the Sikiang and Kalmyk versions enables us to conclude that the first version as well as the second version emerged from the written version of the collection of framed stories “The Magic Dead”.

Калмыцко-белорусские литературные связи XX – XXI вв.

The article describes the Kalmyk – Belorussian literary ties that started in September 1940 when the writers from Belarus Philip Pestrak and Maksim Tank participated in the celebration of 500th anniversary of the Kalmyk heroic epos Jangar. These contacts actively developed at the end of 1950s due to the initiative of the poet from Belarus Petrusya Brovka and a Kalmyk writer Mikhail Khaninov. The publications of works and translations of Kalmyk and Belorussian writers appeared in the press of both republics, Kalmyk translations of the poems by the classics of Belorussian poetry Yanka Kupala and Yakub Kolas were published in Elista, Belorussian translation of the poems by Mikhail Khaninov and David Kugultinov were published in Minsk, literary evenings were organized. The succession of generation in 1980s led to a thirty year break in this dialogue of culture which was reestablished in the new millennium on the Post-Soviet space. The publication exchange, new translations of the poetry, prose and drama, participation in the book exhibitions, “A Writer and the Time” symposium, ‘round tables’ contribute to the activation of the creative powers of both nations.

Ут Сала — курганная группа-гигант Ергенинской возвышенности

Under the scope of the scheduled activities of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS there are complex works including archaeological excavation works of the new archaeological sites – Bashanta I and Bashanta II settlements of the Khazar Khaganate era, and also the exploration of the monuments that are often out of the focus of research. This refers to the sites that have once been excavated and left without further special investigation and publications. Alongside with the urgent need for the introduction of the sites excavated in the last century and their further additional comprehensive research using the modern methods and publications, there is no less urgent problem of the exploration of the archaeological sites that have not been excavated, explored and recorded in the state register. The recording, describing, documenting and including these sites to the list of protected objects of cultural heritage is the guarantee of their preservation. The authors of the article have been conducting systematic research in this field. The given article deals with the results of the study of the mound group Ut Sala that includes 171 mounds.

Элементы волшебной сказки в цикле рассказов о Мастере-Аргачи

The article discusses folk stories about Master-Aragchi that exist among Mongolian speaking population of the Xinjang Uyghur Autonomous region of the People’s Republic of China as well as among torguts in Mongolia. It gives the brief grounding for the determination of the whole series. The study gives a detailed analysis of the four fairy tales published in Urumchi and Ulan Bator in 1990 and 2002 — «Aǰirɣ-a-yin sü-ber ariki neregsen ni» ‘On how he made vodka from stallion’s milk’, «Эргүү ванг ичээсэн нь» ‘On how he made a clueless van ashamed’, «Daɣardaq ügei debel» ‘Non-freezing deli’и «Arγači amban noyan-i šükügsen ni» ‘On how Aragchi won an ambar-noyon’s bet’. The article determines the elements common to fairy tells on the level of the narrative structure and among the literary images.

Жангар тууль дахь зарим үг хэллэгийн харьцуулсан судалгаа (Халимаг Монгол хөрвүүлгийн жишээ дээр) (= Сопоставительное исследование некоторых оборотов речи в эпосе «Джангар» (на примере калмыцкого и монгольского переводов)

The twelve chapters of Kalmyk epos «Jangar» which were edited for publication by B. Basangov in 1940 were published in Mongolian by T. Dugersuren under the supervision of Ts. Damdynsuren. Later, twenty six songs from «Jangar” published in Moscow in 1978 and 1990, were published in modern Mongolian in 2000. The article gives a comparative analysis of some dialect words from the two mentioned above Mongolian publications and the original text in Kalmyk.

Рукопись Т. А. Бурдуковой «Программа занятий по монгольскому и ойратскому языкам»

Introduction. The A.V. Burdukov and T.A. Burdukova family archive (Form 21) kept at the Scientific Archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences contains unpublished and unanalyzed materials containing data on the scientific and social activities of the two outstanding scholars Alexei Vasilyevich Burdukov and his daughter Taisiya Alekseevna Burdukova. These materials include lecture notes and study programs. The materials from archive file No. 158 are of particular interest, they include two manuscripts of the above mentioned authors. The texts of the documents are written in a notebook, on the front side of the notebook the text was written by Alexey Vasilyevich, whereas on the back the text was written by Taisia Alexeyevna. The manuscript by A. V. Burdukov is a summary of the report for a meeting of the Political Circle of the Leningrad Oriental Institute on the topic “The Party during the period of factions (1907–1910)”, which was scheduled on April 1, 1936. The purpose of this article is to introduce into scientific circulation the text of the manuscript written by T. A. Burdukova — “Mongolian and Oirat Language Study Program” for the 1945–1946 academic year. The text of the manuscript is written in blue ink, it has faded in places which makes it difficult to read the manuscript. The text contains the author’s corrections and insertions. The text of the Program shows the topics Taisiya Alekseevna intended to convey to the students and how she planned to develop their skills in the Mongolian and Oirat language proficiency (in the old-written and modern aspects), the study of written sources, the ability to work with scientific literature and publications. Also, the teacher planned to instill in the audience a habit of reading non-fiction and fiction literature, to teach them analyze the material they have read. The study program includes approaches to teaching students, developing their skills of working with sources and literature in the Mongolian and Oirat languages, all these determine the value and significance of the manuscript by T.A. Burdukova.

МНОГОУКЛАДНОСТЬ В СЕЛЬСКИХ СООБЩЕСТВАХ КАЛМЫКИИ (ПО ИТОГАМ АНКЕТНОГО ОПРОСА 2019 Г.)

Introduction.The article deals with the main problems of rural diversity in Kalmykia based on a sociological study conducted in may-August 2019 in nine districts of the republic. One of the research tasks is aimed at determining the main economic structures in the modern villages of the region. The purpose of the article is to introduce the results of a mass questionnaire survey into scientific circulation. Results. The mass questionnaire survey allowed us to clarify the factors that influence various agricultural practices, the specific features of rural space, when the usual forms of management disappear and new outlines of the village appear. Personal subsidiary farm is an important source of income for the family. Half of the respondents will not change the intensity of work in their farmstead and are ready to expand it with an increase in wages and other social benefits. The author of the article using the self-esteem of villagers determined the marketability/non-marketability of family farms, entrepreneurial activity of smallholders, the presence/lack of motivation of the rural population to the maintenance of peasant farms (KFH). Diversity, types of employment in various fields, and income levels of the rural population determine the main changes in rural life. The results of the study revealed the most important problems of rural residents: lack of jobs, financial opportunities for farm development, availability of state support for farmers.