Effect of plant spacing and soil application of aldicarb on nitrogen fixation by spring-sown field beans (Vicia faba L.)

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Witty ◽  
R. J. Roughley ◽  
J. M. Day
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Second Peak

SummaryVicia faba cv. Minden was precision planted at densities of 12–100 plants/m2 in 1977 and 30–60 plants/m2 in 1978 with and without seed-bed applications of aldicarb (10 kg/ha).Nitrogenase activity per plant decreased significantly with increased plant density but this was compensated for on an area basis by increased numbers of plants. When expressed on the basis of area, nitrogenase activity was higher with closely, than with widely spaced plants both early and late in the season. Irrespective of planting density nitrogenase activity reached a peak during vegetative growth of the plant and a second peak during rapid pod and seed development. In 1977 the second peak was interrupted by very dry soil conditions but later activity increased following rain.Aldicarb consistently increased nitrogenase activity at all harvests after Sitona damage to the nodules was evident. Over this period plots treated with aldicarb had twice the nitrogenase activity of untreated plots in 1977 and 55% more in 1978.

The effect of planting density, inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and supplementary carbon dioxide on yield of Vicia faba L.

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Day ◽  
R. J. Roughley ◽  
J. F. Witty
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Labelled Nitrogen ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Number Of Seeds

SUMMARYVicia faba cv. Minden was planted at densities ranging from 6 to 98 plants/m2. Nitrogen was applied to the soil as split dressings or as a foliar spray. CO2 concentration in the canopy was increased in some plots to 0·22% for 3 weeks during the early pod-filling stage.Yield and number of seeds per plant varied inversely with plant spacing between 9 and 98 plants/m2. Mean seed weight increased up to 13 plants/m2 and then remained constant between 13 and 98 plants/m2. Yield/ha was unaffected by plant density above 18 plants/m2.Application of 200 kg N/ha as ‘Nitro-Chalk’ (mixture of NH4NO3 and CaCO3) to the soil as split dressings did not affect yield or its components but 80 kg N/ha as urea applied in four foliar sprays increased yield by 361 kg/ha (8·6%). Recovery of the labelled nitrogen in the grain varied from 28% when applied during vegetative growth to 8% when applied in the reproductive phase and 15% in the foliar spray.The highest yield (5·12 t/ha) was obtained by supplementary CO2. The results suggest that there is no advantage in applying fertilizer nitrogen to well-nodulated spring beans.

The effects of growth regulators, seed rates and row spacings on field beans (Vicia faba L.)

1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McEwen
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Field Beans

SummaryFour growth regulators were tested: N-dimethylaminosuccinamic acid (aminozide); N-pyrrolidinosuccinamic acid (F529); 2-chloroethyldimethyldodecylammonium chloride (JF2579); potassium 2(3-chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy) propionate (JF3072); all shortened stems. JF2579 and JF3072 were phytotoxic and lessened yield. Aminozide and F529 (tested in 1970 only) did not affect yield in 1970 but aminozide increased yield by 28% in 1971. Seed rates and row spacings had small effects on yield which varied with season. Growth regulators did not interact with seed rates or row spacing. Plant density and growth regulators had effects on yield via the number of stems and pods per stem. The effects of season on yield were greater and were caused via 100 grain weight. Speculative hypotheses are suggested to explain the different actions of season and treatments.

Effects of irrigation, plant density and genotype on pollination, fertilization and seed development in spring field beans (Vicia faba L.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Stoddard
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
The Third ◽  
Adequate Number ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Pollination And Fertilization

SummaryIncidences of pollination and fertilization were determined and the development of seeds was monitored in spring beans over 2 years. Plant density was varied in the 1st year and irrigation in the 2nd. The incidences of pollination, fertilization and seed development were all independent of plant density. The proportion of ovules that developed as seeds was slightly enhanced in irrigated plots as losses from abortion and from lack of fertilization within fertilized ovaries were both reduced. Autofertility, or spontaneous self-pollination leading to fertilization, led to an increase in the overall incidence of fertilization. Three autofertile stocks were up to 11% more pollinated and fertilized than two partly autofertile ones which, in turn, were up to 20% more than two non-autofertile, long-podded stocks. A closed-flower population was 30% less fertilized than the long pods and was insufficiently autofertile to allow an adequate number of pods to set on the lower flowering nodes. Three stocks, one autofertile, one with terminal inflorescences (ti) and the third with both characters, were subject to particularly high losses of fertilized ovules from abortion, 27–35%, while few ovules, 12% or less, aborted in closed flowers and long pods. Failure of seeds to mature in long pods was associated primarily with the low proportion of ovules fertilized within fertilized flowers, rather than with abortion of the fertilized ovules.

THE INCIDENCE OF BEAN LEAF ROLL VIRUS IN SOME VARIETIES OF FIELD BEANS (VICIA FABA L.)

1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. A. Aldrich ◽  
A. J. Gibbs ◽  
L. R. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Field Beans

scholarly journals The Influence of Fertilization on Crop Quality and Field Beans (Vicia Faba L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian BOTOŞ ◽  
Florin IMBREA ◽  
Paul PÎRŞAN ◽  
David GHEORGHE
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Crop Quality ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Good Behaviour

Results obtained on the cambic chemozen soil Timisoara in thet good behaviour of the Montana cultivar in which, due to fertilising with N90P60K60 yield was over 2700 kg/ha. Content in protein depending on cultivar and nitrogen dose varied between 23,8% and 25.5%, and protein yield varied between 381 and 692 kg/ha

A survey of the analytical composition of field beans (Vicia faba L.)

1968 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Eden
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
True Protein ◽  
Field Beans ◽  
Matter Basis

SUMMARYStudies were made of the proximate and mineral compositions of modern strains of both spring· and winter-sown beans. The majority of the winter beans were of the Throws M.S. variety, of the spring beans Minors. On the dry-matter basis spring beans averaged 31·4% crude.protein, winter beans 26·5%—a highly significant difference. The true protein values showed a parallel trend. Winter beans averaged 9% crude fibre, spring beans 8%, again a highly significant difference. The strains confirmed the usually accepted levels of oil and of the principal mineral components, except that modern beans appear to be richer in phosphorus.

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