Growth and development of pigs: a reanalysis of the effects of nutrition on body composition

1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 681-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Poor Nutrition

SUMMARYSelected data of McMeekan (1940, 1941) were reanalysed to compare the proportions and distribution of tissues, and the weights of some organs, in pigs growing at different growth rates due to differing levels of nutrition. The effects of variation in fat content were excluded, and the distribution of tissues was compared at the same total weight for each tissue, by allometric regressions. Except for components of the head and neck, and the stomach, the results do not support a concept of retardation of development by poor nutrition of those parts of the body with the highest relative growth rates.

Growth and development of the Murid Pseudomys novaehollandiae

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Length Measurements ◽  
Hind Foot

Growth of the hind foot, head and weight were studied from birth to 150 days of age in a captive colony of P. novaaehollandiae, and development of external body features was recorded from birth to weaning. The altricial young were sparsely haired and blind at birth and a juvenile pelage was present by about 10 days. The eyes opened at 15 (13-19) days and the young were weaned during the fourth week. Instantaneous relative growth rates showed that growth (weight) during the first 40 days was multiphasic and that the growth rate changed considerably at both the opening of the eyes and weaning. The relationships of seven body measurements (head and body, head, ear, foreleg, hind leg, hind foot and tail) were compared to a linear equivalence of weight; all showed a sigmoidal relationship except that of head and body, which was a straight line. Hind foot and head length measurements of growing animals reached 90% of adult size at about 26 days, and weight at about 85 days. In Australian murids, one group grows relatively quickly and another grows slowly.

Growth, food intake and development in broiler cockerels raised to maturity

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Prescott ◽  
C. M. Wathes ◽  
J. K. Kirkwood ◽  
G. C. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Absolute Growth

ABSTRACTThe food intake, growth and development of Ross broiler cockerels were recorded from 1 day old to maturity. At regular intervals, the body composition of these birds was determined and the eviscerated carcasses were chemically analysed. Allometric relationships of component weights and live weight were examined. Historical comparisons with fowl reared during the last 60 years did not reveal any significant changes in the pattern of development, despite faster absolute growth rates and heavier mature weights.

Selection for biomass production based on respiration parameters in eucalypts: effects of origin and growth climates on growth rates

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1556-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thimmappa S. Anekonda ◽  
Richard S. Criddle ◽  
Lee D. Hansen ◽  
Mike Bacca
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Metabolic Heat Rate ◽  
Different Climates

Seventeen Eucalyptus species and 30 rapid-growing Eucalyptuscamaldulensis trees (referred to as plus trees), growing in a plantation were studied to examine relationships among measured plant growth and respiratory parameters, geographical origins, and growth climate. The respiratory parameters measured at two different temperatures by isothermal calorimetry were metabolic heat rate, rate of CO2 production, and the ratio of heat rate to CO2 rate. Metabolic heat rate was also measured as a continuous function of temperature by differential scanning calorimetry in the range of 10 to 40 °C. Tree growth was measured as rates of height and stem volume growth. The values of respiratory and growth variables of Eucalyptus species are significantly correlated with latitude and altitude of origin of their seed sources. The maximum metabolic heat rate, the temperature of the maximum heat rate, the temperature coefficients of metabolic rate, and the temperatures at which the slopes of Arrhenius plots change are all genetically determined parameters that vary both within and among species. Measurement of growth rate–respiration rate–temperature relationships guide understanding of why relative growth rates of Eucalyptus species and individual genotypes differ with climate, making it possible to identify genotypes best suited for rapid growth in different climates. The temperature dependence of respiration rates is an important factor determining relative growth rates of eucalypts in different climates. To achieve optimum biomass production the temperature dependence of individual plants must be matched to growth climate.

The effect of plane of nutrition on the carcasses of pigs and lambs when variations in fat content are excluded

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. H. Elsley ◽  
I. McDonald ◽  
V. R. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Relative Retardation ◽  
Numerical Expression

1. From a review of the literature it has been shown that there are two opposing views regarding the best method of interpreting growth data, which arise from conflicting opinions as to the role of fat deposition in the growth of the animal.2. Data of McMeekan and Palsson and Verges have been re-analysed and their own results are compared with results obtained when the effects of variation in fat content are eliminated.3. No evidence has been found of any effect of plane of nutrition on the total weights of bone and muscle relative to the weight of bone plus muscle together.4. The weight of bone plus muscle in the head and neck was increased relative to the total weight of bone plus muscle during periods of restricted nutrition. Apart from this there was no clear evidence of a relationship between the order of maturity of the joints and their relative retardation of development.5. Huxley's allometry equation was found appropriate for standardising the measurements, and the exponent was taken as a numerical expression of the relative maturity of each tissue or part.

Studies on the sowing dates of cotton in the Sudan Gezira: I. The influence of date of sowing on plant growth and development

1967 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Research Division ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
State Growth ◽  
Sudan Gezira

Growth analysis of cotton crops sown in the Sudan Gezira at monthly intervals between August and May revealed a marked seasonal pattern of growth. Irrespective of plant age and fruiting state growth of non-senescent plants was slowest during the cool winter months. Relative growth rates of young plants were highest in August, September and early October due to the high specific leaf areas and fairly high net assimilation rates found then. They were lowest when minimum temperatures were lowest. Net assimilation rates were also lowest in the coolest months, probably as a result of restricted growth. High temperatures in the spring reduced fruiting. It is concluded that low minimum temperatures and high evaporation rates are both associated with slow growth, and play a large part in determining the characteristic decline of growth rates of cotton sown at the usual date in August.I wish to thank the Chief of the Research Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Sudan, for permission to publish this paper and to record my gratitude to the team of field and laboratory assistants, especially Salih Saad and Hassan Osman, who helped in the work.

Changes in the Body Composition of the Domestic Shorthaired Cat during Growth and Development

1994 ◽  
Vol 124 (suppl_12) ◽  
pp. 2622S-2623S ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen S. Munday ◽  
Kay E. Earle ◽  
Philip Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
The Body
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