Biology of the codling Moth Cydia (Carpocapsa = Laspeyresia) Pomonella L. (Olethreutidae, Lepidoptera) and effect of fruit age on its diapause induction

1978 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. El-Gamil ◽  
I. A. Gaaboub ◽  
S. K. El-Sawaf
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella ◽  
June July ◽  
New Generation

SUMMARYThe number of generations and the durations of the developmental stages of the codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) that fed on fresh pear fruits were studied during a whole year, 1973, under laboratory conditions. In the next year, diapause of larvae was investigated in relation to the larval food.Results showed that this insect reproduced four generations on pear fruits under laboratory conditions and diapaused during the whole period of the autumn. Broods of these generations occurred during April, June, July and September, respectively.There was a suggestion that the larval food affected the induction of diapause in this insect. About 83% of larvae which fed on ‘ripe native Volos apples’ diapaused as early as the second half of June although the majority of larvae (93%) which fed on ‘immature pears’ continued development to adults and only 7% began to diapause under the same conditions. Up to 98% of larvae which fed on ‘fully mature ripe pears’ did not develop beyond the cocooning stage until the following spring, but 88% of larvae fed on immature pears stored at 4 °C for about 3 months reproduced a new generation about the end of October. These variable results should be attributed to the nourishment on different host-fruits in different maturity stages.

scholarly journals Evolution of the codling moth pheromone via an ancient gene duplication

BMC Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Lassance ◽  
Bao-Jian Ding ◽  
Christer Löfstedt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Heterologous Expression Systems ◽  
Genetic Novelty ◽  
Ancient Gene

AbstractBackgroundDefining the origin of genetic novelty is central to our understanding of the evolution of novel traits. Diversification among fatty acid desaturase (FAD) genes has played a fundamental role in the introduction of structural variation in fatty acyl derivatives. Because of its central role in generating diversity in insect semiochemicals, the FAD gene family has become a model to study how gene family expansions can contribute to the evolution of lineage-specific innovations. Here we used the codling moth (Cydia pomonella) as a study system to decipher the proximate mechanism underlying the production of the ∆8∆10 signature structure of olethreutine moths. Biosynthesis of the codling moth sex pheromone, (E8,E10)-dodecadienol (codlemone), involves two consecutive desaturation steps, the first of which is unusual in that it generates anE9 unsaturation. The second step is also atypical: it generates a conjugated diene system from theE9 monoene C12intermediate via 1,4-desaturation.ResultsHere we describe the characterization of the FAD gene acting in codlemone biosynthesis. We identify 27 FAD genes corresponding to the various functional classes identified in insects and Lepidoptera. These genes are distributed across theC. pomonellagenome in tandem arrays or isolated genes, indicating that the FAD repertoire consists of both ancient and recent duplications and expansions. Using transcriptomics, we show large divergence in expression domains: some genes appear ubiquitously expressed across tissue and developmental stages; others appear more restricted in their expression pattern. Functional assays using heterologous expression systems reveal that one gene, Cpo_CPRQ, which is prominently and exclusively expressed in the female pheromone gland, encodes an FAD that possesses bothE9 and ∆8∆10 desaturation activities. Phylogenetically, Cpo_CPRQ clusters within the Lepidoptera-specific ∆10/∆11 clade of FADs, a classic reservoir of unusual desaturase activities in moths.ConclusionsOur integrative approach shows that the evolution of the signature pheromone structure of olethreutine moths relied on a gene belonging to an ancient gene expansion. Members of other expanded FAD subfamilies do not appear to play a role in chemical communication. This advises for caution when postulating the consequences of lineage-specific expansions based on genomics alone.

Cydia pomonella. [Distribution map].

1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cydia pomonella (L.) (Carpocapsa pomonella[Cydia pomonella] L., Laspeyresia pomonella[Cydia pomonella] L.) (Lep., Tortricidae) (Codling Moth). Host Plants: Apple, pear, peach, quince, Prunus spp., walnut. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Austria, Azores, Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardinia, Sicily, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), Afghanistan, China, Cyprus, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jammu and Kashmir, Jordan, Korea, Lebanon, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey, USSR, AFRICA, Algeria, Canary Islands, Libya, Madeira, Mauritius, Morocco, South Africa, Tunisia, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, New Zealand, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, U.S.A., SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay.

Population study of codling moth Cydia (Carpocaps = Laspeyresia) Pomonella L. (Olethreutidae, Lepidoptera) infesting pear orchards in the eastern outskirts of Alexandria, Egypt

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-657
Author(s):  
F. M. El-Gamil ◽  
I. A. Gaaboub ◽  
S. K. El-Sawaf
Keyword(s):  
Population Study ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
The Third ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella ◽  
Successive Generations

SummaryThe codling moth, Cydia pomonella L., achieved four successive generations in Egyptian pear orchards in 1974. Indices of infested fruits showed four peaks of infestation; the first at the end of April, the second during the first week of June, the third during the first week of July and the last at the end of July.

Diapause induction in field populations of the codling moth,Cydia Pomonella, in Northern Israel

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimon Steinberg ◽  
Haggai Podoler ◽  
Shalom Applebaum
Keyword(s):  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Diapause Induction

Population dynamics of codling moth, cydia pomonella (L) (Tortricidae), in the Australian Capital Territory.

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
PW Geier
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Australian Capital ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Initial Infestation

Under natural conditions in the Australian Capital Territory, the codling moth can multiply each year virtually to the limit of its supply of larval food, i.e. fruits. The circumstances which permit this are analysed and discussed. It was found that codling moth and its environment are best considered together as a life-system which tends to ensure a constant utilization of resources by minimizing changes in the numbers of the moth following variations in the availability of critical requisites. In the A.C.T., where climate and weather conditions approach the optimum for codling moth and the influence of natural enemies is negligible, the requisites which limit the abundance of the species are larval food and cocoon shelter. Intraspecific competition for those requisites is the mechanism which adjusts the number of codling moth to the supply of those requisites. Competition for cocoon shelter minimizes the effects of differences in crop size on codling moth abundance. Competition for fruit space minimizes the effects of differences between initial infestation levels in crops. Competition for the two requisites maintains the insect at the highest level of density which the intrinsic favourableness of the environment and the behavioural characteristics of the species will permit. The present findings are used to evaluate the conceptual models of population dynamics proposed by Nicholson and by Andrewartha and Birch.

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