Variability in number of pods and yield in commercial crops of vining peas (Pisum sativum L.)

1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Hardwick ◽  
D. J. Andrews ◽  
C. C. Hole ◽  
P. J. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data

SUMMARYData were collected from 218 commercial crops of vining peas (Pisum sativumcv. Dark Skinned Perfection) to test the hypothesis that variability between commercial crops in the yield of vining peas is associated with variation in the number of pods per plant. Yield varied widely between crops; the coefficient of variation of crop yield adjusted to tenderometer reading 105 was 25%. Only a small part of this variation could be accounted for by the correlation between yield and the estimated number of pods per plant (r = 0·067, 216 D.F.), and significance levels were not substantially improved by allowing for the effects of sowing date and plant density, or by using data on number of pods at each separate node in place of the overall totals per plant. Consequently the hypothesis stated above is not supported and it is suggested that variation in the weight of peas per pod was the main cause of variation in yield between crops.A number of significant relationships were noted in the correlation analyses; (1) the mean number of pods per node at adjacent nodes tended to be positively correlated; (2) the number of pods per node at the first podding node tended to be positively correlated with plant density; (3) the numbers at the upper nodes tended to be negatively correlated with sowing date and with harvest date.

scholarly journals Ethylene induced soil microbes to increase seed germination, reduce growth time, and improve crop yield in Pisum sativum L.

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guenevere Perry
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Biological Fertilizer

The main scope of this project was to identify a novel induction method to improve the effectiveness of biological fertilizers for organic farmers. To eliminate additional variables the plants were not treated with chemical or biological pesticides. The biological fertilizer used in this study was induced with co-factors and ethylene under specific conditions. Ethylene induced the soil to release acetonitrile, a component of indole-3-acetonitrile a precursor to the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). It is known that plant growth promoting bacteria can produce IAA and directly/ indirectly modify plant development and growth. In this preliminary study, the ethylene induced biological fertilizer (EIBF) improved germination rate, enhanced quality, reduced growth time, and improved crop yield of Pisum sativum L (green peas) with a single application. Many biological fertilizer require two to three applications a year to see improved growth.Green peas grown in ethylene induced soil improved pea quantity by 200% per plant compared to control samples. EIBF increased the crop yield by over 57%. The average biological fertilizer only improves crop by 20-30%. The peas harvested from the plants grown in EIBF were 4 times larger peas collected from plants grown in the control soil. The improvement and continued study of EBIF may have a global applications, impacting farming techniques in poor developing countries or organic farms.

Effect of Sowing Date and Cultivar on Root System Development in Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

2006 ◽  
Vol 283 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 339-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Vocanson ◽  
Marie-Hélène Jeuffroy ◽  
Jean Roger-Estrade
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Root System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

QUALITY, YIELD AND WEIGHT PER SEED OF GREEN FIELD PEAS AS AFFECTED BY SOWING AND HARVEST DATES

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cooking Yield

The green field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Delwiche Scotch Green was sown at two dates and harvested at five dates in the field in 1971–1973 to determine the effect on quality, yield and weight per seed. The green color deteriorated with delay in harvesting. Rate of color loss varied from year to year, probably due to rainfall patterns. Differences in protein percentage due to sowing date varied from year to year, resulting in no significant difference over the 3-yr period. Viscosity of peas after cooking, yield and weight per seed were higher in the early than in the later sowing.

Effects of Soil Structure on Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Root Development According to Sowing Date and Cultivar

2006 ◽  
Vol 281 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 121-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Vocanson ◽  
Jean Roger-Estrade ◽  
Hubert Boizard ◽  
Marie-Hélène Jeuffroy
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Effect of sowing date on the severity of ascochyta blight in field peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in the Wimmera region of Victoria

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Bretag ◽  
P. J. Keane ◽  
T. V. Price
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Small Reduction ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas

Field experiments were established at Horsham, in the Wimmera region ofVictoria, in 1987, 1988 and 1989 to compare the severity of ascochyta blightand grain yield of field peas sown in May, June and July. In each year, theseverity of ascochyta blight on all the pea cultivars studied was greatest onthe May-sown plots and least severe on the July-sown plots. The level of seedinfestation by ascochyta blight fungi was also highest in grain harvested fromthe plots sown earliest. In 1987, the average length of lesions girdling themain stem was 28.7 cm in the May-sown plots and 1.0 cm in the July-sown plots.In 1988, the average percentage of stem area affected by ascochyta ranged from 60.2% in the May-sown plots to 13.1% in the July-sown plots,while in 1989 the range was from 38.3% in the May-sown plots to5.8% in the July-sown plots. In 1988, delaying sowing until Julyresulted in a significant reduction in disease with only a small reduction inyield. However, in 1989 while July sowing reduced the severity of disease by 17%, compared to a June sowing, the later sowing also reduced grainyields by 40%.In a separate trial at Horsham in 1988, using cv. Buckley, disease progresswas most rapid on the April-sown plots and slowest on the August-sown plots.The final disease levels ranged from 100% of stem area affected (Aprilsowing) to 2% of stem area affected (August sowing). The yield lossescaused by the disease were greater the earlier the plots were sown.These studies suggest that the severity of disease in commercial crops may bereduced by delaying sowing until after mid-June, thus avoiding exposure ofyoung plants to high levels of primary inoculum.

Growth curve analysis for treatments-by-environments interaction effects

1989 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Edmondson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Growth Curve Analysis ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data

SummaryGrowth curves fitted to factorial data can be modelled using an extrinsic time variate or using the mean responses within the levels of a subset of factors. Where factors can be partitioned into a set of ‘treatment’ factors and a set of ‘environment’ factors, fitting growth curves to the mean effects of environments allows the effects of treatments to be assessed relative to a uniform background growth rate. This leads to a test of a null hypothesis of equal treatment effects in all environments, given that the mean growth rate and stage of development in all environments is equal. The approach is exemplified using data from a glasshouse tomato crop experiment testing variety, nutrient and sowing date factors. Variety and nutrient treatment effects were of direct interest but sowing dates were intended to generalize results by providing a range of growing environments. Treatment effects are analysed by modelling running cumulative yield totals by growth curves and regressing variety and nutrient growth variates on the mean growth variate within each sowing date. In the discussion the case of more than one environmental factor is considered.

The growth of three crisp lettuce varieties from different sowing dates

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. E. Wurr ◽  
Jane R. Fellows
Keyword(s):  
Sowing Date ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Head Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rate Of Emergence ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Times

SummaryThree American crisp lettuce varieties Ithaca, Pennlake and Saladin, formerly called Salinas, were sown on three occasions between April and July in 1980 and 1981 and on six occasions in 1982 between March and July. The rate of emergence of all three varieties increased with mean soil temperature at seed depth. The number of leaves was linearly related to air temperature measured on an accumulated day-degree scale > 0 °C from emergence. Pennlake had the highest rate of leaf production and Saladin the lowest rate. The relative growth rate of Ithaca increased with later sowing, while that of Pennlake declined. The time of maturity of one variety relative to another changed with sowing date but in all three varieties a quadratic curve relating the time of maturity to the time of sowing accounted for a high proportion of the variance in the time of maturity. When the times of sowing and maturity were both expressed on a day-degree scale > 0 °C a linear relationship accounted for more than 98% of the variance in time of maturity. These data provide the basis for planning a continuity programme. Within a variety there was considerable variation in mean head weight between sowings in the same year and different responses of head weight to sowing date from year to year. Using data from all 12 sowings, there was shown to be a significant association between head weight and the mean temperature up to 42 days from emergence but there was no association with radiation. Low mean temperatures (< 12 °C) were associated with lower head weights of Ithaca but higher head weights of Saladin. The opposite was true for mean temperatures greater than 16 °C. The reasons for this are discussed.

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