Effect of sowing date on the severity of ascochyta blight in field peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in the Wimmera region of Victoria

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Bretag ◽  
P. J. Keane ◽  
T. V. Price
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Small Reduction ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas

Field experiments were established at Horsham, in the Wimmera region ofVictoria, in 1987, 1988 and 1989 to compare the severity of ascochyta blightand grain yield of field peas sown in May, June and July. In each year, theseverity of ascochyta blight on all the pea cultivars studied was greatest onthe May-sown plots and least severe on the July-sown plots. The level of seedinfestation by ascochyta blight fungi was also highest in grain harvested fromthe plots sown earliest. In 1987, the average length of lesions girdling themain stem was 28.7 cm in the May-sown plots and 1.0 cm in the July-sown plots.In 1988, the average percentage of stem area affected by ascochyta ranged from 60.2% in the May-sown plots to 13.1% in the July-sown plots,while in 1989 the range was from 38.3% in the May-sown plots to5.8% in the July-sown plots. In 1988, delaying sowing until Julyresulted in a significant reduction in disease with only a small reduction inyield. However, in 1989 while July sowing reduced the severity of disease by 17%, compared to a June sowing, the later sowing also reduced grainyields by 40%.In a separate trial at Horsham in 1988, using cv. Buckley, disease progresswas most rapid on the April-sown plots and slowest on the August-sown plots.The final disease levels ranged from 100% of stem area affected (Aprilsowing) to 2% of stem area affected (August sowing). The yield lossescaused by the disease were greater the earlier the plots were sown.These studies suggest that the severity of disease in commercial crops may bereduced by delaying sowing until after mid-June, thus avoiding exposure ofyoung plants to high levels of primary inoculum.

Importance of seed-borne inoculum in the etiology of the Ascochyta blight complex of field peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in Victoria

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 525 ◽  
Author(s):  
TW Bretag ◽  
TV Price ◽  
PJ Keane
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Mycosphaerella Pinodes ◽  
Seed Infection ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Ascochyta Pisi ◽  
Growing Region ◽  
Seed Infestation

Fungi associated with the ascochyta blight complex of field peas were isolated from 436 of 691 seedlots tested. Of the fungi detected, 94.8% of isolates were Mycosphaerella pinodes, 4.2% Phoma medicaginis, and 1.0% Ascochyta pisi. The levels of infestation of seed varied considerably from year to year and between seedlots, depending on the amount of rainfall between flowering and maturity. Within a particular pea-growing region, the level of seed-borne infection was often highest in seed from crops harvested latest. In addition, crops sown early were usually more severely affected by disease than late-sown crops, and this resulted in higher levels of seed infection. There was no correlation between the level of seed infestation by M. pinodes and the severity of ascochyta blight; however, where the level of seed infection was high (>11%) there was a significant reduction in emergence, which caused a reduction in grain yield. It may therefore be possible to use seed with high levels of seed-borne ascochyta blight fungi, provided the seeding rate is increased to compensate for poor emergence.

QUALITY, YIELD AND WEIGHT PER SEED OF GREEN FIELD PEAS AS AFFECTED BY SOWING AND HARVEST DATES

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cooking Yield

The green field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Delwiche Scotch Green was sown at two dates and harvested at five dates in the field in 1971–1973 to determine the effect on quality, yield and weight per seed. The green color deteriorated with delay in harvesting. Rate of color loss varied from year to year, probably due to rainfall patterns. Differences in protein percentage due to sowing date varied from year to year, resulting in no significant difference over the 3-yr period. Viscosity of peas after cooking, yield and weight per seed were higher in the early than in the later sowing.

Evaluation of coated seeds as a Rhizobium delivery system for field pea

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Rice ◽  
G. W. Clayton ◽  
N. Z. Lupwayi ◽  
P. E. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Key Words Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Ph Standard ◽  
Key Words Nitrogen

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted with field peas (Pisum sativum, L.) in soils of pH 4.4 to 6.8 to determine the best rate of inoculation with rhizobium and to evaluate pre-inoculated (coated) seeds as an alternative to the traditional seed inoculation method of using sticking agents. Inoculation rates higher than 105 cells seed–1 were usually required for high nodulation, nitrogen fixation and grain yields. Therefore, Canadian standards, which require that 105 nodulating rhizobia be delivered per seed for large-seed legumes like peas, may need to be increased. Counts of rhizobia on coated seeds were about 3 log units lower than those on freshly inoculated seeds, but coated seeds significantly outperformed standard seed-inoculated seeds in nodulation and crop yield in acid soils (pH 4.4 and 4.7). However, field pea yields were too low to have commercial value at these low pH levels. In soils with higher pH, standard inoculation resulted in greater nodulation and yield, but the differences were not always significant. It is concluded that the use of coated seeds provides a yield advantage for field pea grown on acid soils, but liming would probably be a better option. Use of coated seeds on other soils will depend on the trade-off between the time and money saved in inoculation in order to seed early and a possible reduction in yield due to insufficient numbers of rhizobia being applied. Key words: Nitrogen fixation, nodulation, Pisum sativum, pre-inoculated seeds

Assessment of the feeding value of South Dakota-grown field peas (Pisum sativum L.) for growing pigs12

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 2568-2578 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Stein ◽  
G. Benzoni ◽  
R. A. Bohlke ◽  
D. N. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Feeding Value

Proximate and mineral composition of field peas

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Warkentin ◽  
A. G. Sloan ◽  
S. T. Ali-Khan
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Proximate And Mineral Composition

Field pea seeds from 10 cultivars grown at two locations in Manitoba in 1986 and 1987 were analyzed for proximate and mineral profiles. Cultivars differed significantly in their level of total protein, crude fat, ADF, and all minerals tested. However, differences were not extremely large and were comparable to European reports. Location-year also had a significant effect on the levels of total protein, ADF, and all minerals tested. In most cases, the warmest location-year produced relatively higher levels of minerals, ash, and total protein, and lower seed yield than the coolest location-year. Key words: Field pea, Pisum sativum L., mineral

scholarly journals Introgression of the Afila Gene into Climbing Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1537
Author(s):  
Oscar Checa ◽  
Marino Rodriguez ◽  
Xingbo Wu ◽  
Matthew Blair
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Linkage Drag ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
High Biomass ◽  
Garden Pea ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas

The pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the most important crops in temperate agriculture around the world. In the tropics, highland production is also common with multiple harvests of nearly mature seeds from climbing plant types on trellises. While the leafless variant caused by the afila gene is widely used in developing row-cropped field peas in Europe, its use for trellised garden peas has not been reported. In this study we describe a pea breeding program for a high-elevation tropical environment in the Department of Nariño in Colombia, where over 16,000 hectares of the crop are produced. The most widespread climbing varieties in the region are ‘Andina’ and ‘Sindamanoy’, both of which have high-biomass architecture with abundant foliage. They are prone to many diseases, but preferred by farmers given their long production season. This plant type is expensive to trellis, with wooden posts and plastic strings used for vine staking constituting 52% of production costs. The afila trait could reduce these costs by creating interlocking plants as they do in field peas. Therefore, our goal for this research was to develop a rapid breeding method to introduce the recessive afila gene, which replaces leaves with tendrils, into the two commercial varieties used as recurrent parents (RPs) with three donor parents (DPs)—‘Dove’, ‘ILS3575′ and ‘ILS3568′—and to measure the effect on plant height (PH) and yield potential. Our hypothesis was that the afila gene would not cause linkage drag while obtaining a leafless climbing pea variety. Backcrossing was conducted without selfing for two generations and plants were selected to recover recurrent parent characteristics. Chi-square tests showed a ratio of 15 normal leaved to one afila leaved in the BC2F2 plants, and 31:1 in the BC3F2 generation. Selecting in the last of these generations permitted a discovery of tall climbing plants that were similar to those preferred commercially, but with the stable leafless afila. The method saved two seasons compared to the traditional method of progeny testing before each backcross cycle; the peas reached the BC2F2 generation in five seasons and the BC3F2 in seven seasons. This is advantageous with trellised peas that normally require half a year to reach maturity. Leafless garden peas containing the afila gene were of the same height as recurrent parents and, by the third backcross, were equally productive, without the high biomass found in the traditional donor varieties. The value of the afila gene and the direct backcrossing scheme is discussed in terms of garden pea improvement and crop breeding.

ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY ANALYSIS OF FIELD PEAS WITH DIFFERENT COOKING QUALITY

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. CHONG ◽  
S. T. ALI-KHAN ◽  
B. B. CHUBEY ◽  
G. H. GUBBELS
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Cooking Quality ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
High Concentrations

An energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analytical method was used to study the freeze-dried powder of seeds of field peas (Pisum sativum L.) with good and poor cooking quality. EDX analysis of the electron-dense particles in the freeze-dried powder revealed the presence of high concentrations of Mg, P, and K, suggesting that the particles were protein bodies. Seeds with different cooking quality were compared with respect to the ratios of these elements in the dense particles. Statistical analysis indicated a significant correlation between these ratios and cooking quality.Key words: Pisum sativum, protein bodies, elemental analysis

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