Fertilizer–use efficiency of amended urea materials in flooded rice

1989 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Chauhan ◽  
B. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Urea Supergranules ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Neem Cake Coated Urea ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency

summaryIn a field experiment on a typic hapludoll in 1983 and 1984, deep placement of urea supergranules at 40 and 80 kg N/ha proved to be the best N source, of five tested, for grain production, but at 120 kg N/ha it was similar to neem-cake-coated urea. The results showed that deep placement of urea supergranules can save fertilizer use by 60% compared with prilled urea to obtain the same yield. Shellac-coated urea and dicyandiamide-coated urea was more effective than prilled urea in 1984. Differences in dry-matter production and grain yield were directly related to N uptake by the plants. On average, apparent recovery of applied N increased from 35% for prilled urea to 55, 52·5,46·5 and 37·5% for urea supergranules, neem-cake-coated urea, shellac-coated urea and dicyandiamide-coated urea, respectively.

RELATIVE PERFORMANCE OF BORON, SULPHUR AND ZINC COATINGS ONTO PRILLED UREA FOR INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY IN MAIZE

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIJAY POONIYA ◽  
YASHBIR SINGH SHIVAY ◽  
MADAN PAL ◽  
RADHIKA BANSAL
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Total N ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYDeficiencies of micro (Zn, B) and secondary (S) nutrients are well-documented in soil as well as in cereal crops, leading to decreased crop yields and low nutritional quality of food. We evaluated the effects of coated urea on maize yield, N and Zn uptake, and input cost relationships. Field experiments were conducted on maize to test boron-coated (BCU), sulphur-coated (SCU) and zinc-coated urea (ZnCU) during 2013 and 2014. On the basis of 2 years’ average data, the highest grain yield was achieved with 0.5% BCU, 5% SCU and 2.5% ZnCU as zinc sulphate hepta hydrate. These treatments increased yields by 5.4, 12.8 and 9.9% over prilled urea (PU), respectively. Application of 0.5% BCU (supplying 1.4 kg B ha−1), 5% SCU (supplying 14.1 kg S ha−1) and 2.5% ZnCU (supplying 7.05 kg Zn ha−1) registered the highest N concentrations and uptake in grain and stover. Total N uptake (grain + stover) was increased by 7.6, 16.7 and 17.1% with BCU, SCU and ZnCU treatments over PU. As compared to PU, Zn concentration in maize grain was significantly higher and total Zn uptake (grain + stover) increased by 32.4% with 2.5% ZnCU. Coated urea materials also enhanced the partial factor productivity (PFPN), agronomic efficiency (AEN), recovery efficiency (REN) and harvest index (HIN) over those of PU. From the economic viewpoint this study suggests that coating of urea with 0.3% boron, 5% sulphur or 2% zinc gives maximum net returns and benefit-cost ratio. Our data indicate that coating of B, Zn and S onto urea increases maize yield, profitability and nitrogen use efficiency in the western Indo-Gangetic plains of India.

scholarly journals Study of nitrogen use efficiency and yield of rice influenced by deep placement of nitrogen fertilizers

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Rea ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
K Mix
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Continuous increase of nitrogen fertilizer use adversely affecting the soil health as well as the environment. It necessitates the systematic study of the impact of nitrogen (N) fertilizer use-reduction on crop yield. In this article, the effects of deep placement of nitrogen fertilizers on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and yield of rice variety “BRRI dhan46” were investigated and compared for three N formulations: urea super granule (USG), NPK briquettes and prilled urea (PU). The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eight N treatments replicated three times. The treatments were applied by varying doses (0, 52, 78 and 104 kg ha-1) of nitrogen fertilizers in a known identical soil and weather condition. Applications of PU, USG and NPK briquettes exhibited significant differences on yield attributes of rice. Results revealed maximum grain yield of 6.391 t ha-1 (54% increases over control) for the dose USG 104 kg ha-1 which is statistically similar to the dose USG 78 kg ha-1 and NPK briquettes 104 kg ha-1. The deep placement of USG and NPK briquettes enhanced both the recovery of applied N and N use efficiency compared to broadcast application of prilled urea. However, USG 78 kg ha-1 showed maximum apparent N recovery, N use efficiency, gross margin and marginal benefit-cost ratio. Thus, an application of 78 kg ha-1 USG can be recommended for profitable cultivation of rice variety BRRI dhan46. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 93-103 (2019)

Relative efficacy of some new urea-based nitrogen fertilizers for growing wetland rice on a permeable alluvial soil

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijay-Singh ◽  
J. C. Katyal
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Wetland Rice ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Urea Supergranules ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Uptake Data

SummaryEfficiency of N contained in some modified urea fertilizers was studied for wetland rice grown in an alkaline, low organic matter Fatehpur loamy sand (Typic Ustipsamment) soil having an average percolation rate of 109 mm/day. In the four field experiments, sulphurcoated urea (SCU) produced significantly more rice grain than urea supergranules (USG) or divided applications of urea or ammonium sulphate. Application of SCU at 58 kg N/ha yielded as much rice grain as was produced by divided application of urea at 116 kg N/ha. The N uptake data suggested that SCU-N was more efficiently translated into grain yield than urea N. Granular (7-day release rate 19%) and forestry (7-day release rate 29%) grades of SCU were equally effective. However, application of half the N basally through SCU and the remaining half top dressed as urea failed to outyield all urea divided in three applications. The indigenous coated materials, rock-phosphate-coated urea and urea gypsum, also did not perform better than divided urea applications as these did not possess a 7-day release rate less than 95%. Urea supergranules placed in the reduced zone of the soil could not come to the level of divided application of urea or ammonium sulphate. The N uptake data indicated that USG-N was correspondingly inefficiently utilized by rice. When the deep placement aspect of USG was combined with slow-release properties of SCU in the form of sulphur-coated urea supergranules (SCUSG), the performance of this product was inferior even to the divided application of urea. Undissolved or partially dissolved granules of SCUSG could be recovered even after the harvest of the crop.

scholarly journals Performance of Prilled Urea and Urea Super Granule by Applicators on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Boro Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
ATMS Hossain ◽  
F Rahman ◽  
PK Saha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Application ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

A field experiment was conducted on validation of prilled urea (PU) and urea super granule (USG) applied by applicators on yield and nitrogen use efficiency during Boro 2014 season at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) farm, Gazipur (AEZ 28). Six treatment combinations of different N doses and methods of N application were tested to compare urea-N application by PU and USG applicator for rice yield, N uptake and N use efficiency over urea broadcasting. Application of N as PU or USG through applicator has same effect on grain yield, N uptake and N use efficiency compared with urea broadcasting. Statistically similar grain yield were observed with N application as PU or USG @ 78 kg N ha-1 by applicator which was comparable with urea broadcasting @ 135 kg N ha-1. The N concentration and uptake in both panicle initiation (PI) and maturity stage were higher in USG deep placement than PU deep placement by applicators but the difference was not significant. Although agronomic use efficiency (AUE) of N was slightly higher in PU than USG applied by applicators but the recovery efficiency (RE) of N was higher in USG than PU. Bangladesh Rice j. 2018, 22(2): 63-69

A comparative appraisal of urea super granule application in raised bed and prilled urea application in conventional planting for transplanted boro rice (Oryza sativa)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 822-832
Author(s):  
Halim Mahmud Bhuyan ◽  
Most. Razina Ferdousi ◽  
Mohammad Toufiq Iqbal ◽  
Ahmed Khairul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Boro Rice

Utilization of urea super granule (USG) with raised bed cultivation system for transplanted boro (winter, irrigated) rice production is a major concern now days. A field experiment was conducted in the chuadanga district of Bangladesh to compare the two cultivation methods: deep placement of USG on raised bed with boro rice, and prilled urea (PU) broadcasting in conventional planting. Results showed that USG in raised bed planting increased grain yields of transplanted boro rice by up to 18.18% over PU in conventional planting. Deep placement of USG in raised bed planting increased the number of panicle m-2, number of grains panicle-1 and 1000-grains weight of boro rice than the PU in conventional planting. Better plant growth was observed by deep placement of USG in raised bed planting compared to PU in conventional planting. Sterility percentage and weed infestation were lower on USG in raised bed planting compared to the PU in conventional planting methods. Forty seven percent irrigation water and application time could be saved by USG in raised bed planting than PU in conventional planting. Deep placement of USG in bed saved N fertilizer consumption over conventional planting. Water use efficiency for grain and biomass production was higher with deep placement of USG in bed planting than the PU broadcasting in conventional planting methods. Similarly, agronomic efficiency of N fertilizer by USG in bed planting was significantly higher than the PU broadcasting in conventional planting. This study concluded that deep placement of USG in raised bed planting for transplanted boro rice is a new approach to achieve fertilizer and water use efficiency as well as higher yield and less water input compared to existing agronomic practices in Bangladesh.

Effect of green manuring, blue-green algae and neem-cake-coated urea on wetland rice (Oryza sativa L.)

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
R. Prasad ◽  
B. V. Singh ◽  
S. K. Goyal ◽  
S. N. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Wetland Rice ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Neem Cake Coated Urea ◽  
Coated Urea

scholarly journals N-(n-Butyl) Thiophosphoric Triamide (NBPT)-Coated Urea (NCU) Improved Maize Growth and Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) in Highly Weathered Tropical Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8780
Author(s):  
Muhammad Muhaymin Mohd Zuki ◽  
Noraini Md. Jaafar ◽  
Siti Zaharah Sakimin ◽  
Mohd Khanif Yusop
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tropical Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is commonly used to supply sufficient N for plant uptake, for which urea is one of the highly preferred synthetic N fertilizers due to its high N content. Unfortunately, N provided by urea is rapidly lost upon urea application to soils through ammonia volatilization, leaching, and denitrification. Thus, treatment of urea with urease inhibitor (N-(n-Butyl) Thiophosphoric Triamide (NBPT)) is among the solutions to slow down urea hydrolysis, therefore reducing loss of NH3 and saving N available for plant uptake and growth. A field study was carried out to evaluate the effects of NBPT-coated urea (NCU) at varying rates on growth, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of maize in tropical soil. The experiment was conducted at Field 15, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, and maize (Zea mays var. Thai Super Sweet) was used as the test crop. The results showed that all maize grown in soils applied with urea coated with NBPT (NCU) (T2, T3, T4, and T5) had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher chlorophyll content compared to the control (T0 and T1). The surface leaf area of maize grown in NCU-treated soils at 120 kg N h−1 (T3) was recorded as the highest. NCU at and 96 kg N ha−1 (T3 and T4) were relatively effective in increasing maize plant dry weight, yield, and N uptake. Improvement of NUE by 45% over urea was recorded in the treatment of NCU at 96 kg N ha−1. NBPT-coated urea (NCU) at 96 kg N ha−1 had potential to increase the growth, yield, nitrogen uptake, and NUE of maize by increasing the availability of N for plant growth and development.

Relative efficiency of prilled urea, urea supergranules (USG) and USG coated with neem cake or DCD for direct-seeded rice

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sudhakara ◽  
R. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Urea Supergranules ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Direct Seeded

SUMMARYA field experiment was made during the rainy season of 1982 and 1983 at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to study the relative efficiency of prilled urea, urea supergranules (USG) and USG coated with neem cake and DCD. Prilledurea was applied at 60, 120 and 180 kg N/ha, while the other sources of N were applied only at 120 kg N/ha. Nitrogen was added to rice in a single application 20 days after sowing (20 DAS) or in two applications, half 20 DAS and the rest at panicle initiation. Response of rice to prilled urea was linear up to 180 kg N/ha, the highest dose in the present study. Two applications produced more rough rice and straw and resulted in higher nitrogen uptake and apparent recovery than a singleapplication. Neem-cakecoated USG was superior to prilled urea in respect of panicle characters, rough rice and straw yield, nitrogen uptake and apparent nitrogen recovery. Coating USG with DCD also showed some advantage. Uncoated USG was only slightly better than prilled urea.

scholarly journals Effect of deep placement of N fertilizers on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of BRRI dhan29 under flooded condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-461
Author(s):  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Mahthir Been Mohammad ◽  
Mst Tazmin Akhter ◽  
Md Moyeed Hasan Talukder ◽  
Kawsar Hossen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Total N ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during boro season of 2016 to evaluate the effect of deep placement of nitrogen (N) fertilizers on N use efficiency and yield of BRRI dhan29 under continuous flooded condition. The soil was silt loam in texture having pH 6.27, organic matter content 1.95%, total N 0.136%, available P 3.16 ppm, exchangeable K 0.095 me%, available S 10.5 ppm and EC 348 μS cm-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments were T1 [Control], T2 [Prilled Urea, 130 kg N ha-1] , T3 [USG, 130 kg N ha-1], T4 [USG, 104 kg N ha-1], T5 [USG, 78 kg N ha-1], T6 [NPK briquette , 129 kg N ha-1], T7 [NPK briquette, 102 kg N ha-1] and T8 [NPK briquette, 78 kg N ha-1]. All the treatments except T6, T7 and T8 received 25 kg P and 64 kg K ha-1 as TSP and MoP, respectively. In T6, T7 and T8 treatments, P and K were supplied from NPK briquettes. Prilled urea was applied in three equal splits. USG and NPK briquettes were applied at 10 DAT and were placed at 8-10 cm depth between four hills at every alternate row. The results demonstrate that all the yield components except 1000-grain weight and yields of BRRI dhan29 responded significantly to the deep placement of N in the form of USG and NPK briquettes under continuous flooded condition. The highest grain yield of 6561 kg ha-1 was recorded in T3 [USG, 130 kg N ha-1] which was statistically similar to that ofT4 [USG, 104 kg N ha-1].The highest straw yield of 6876 kg ha-1 was obtained in T3 [USG, 130 kg N ha-1]. The lowest grain yield (3094 kg ha-1) and straw yield (3364 kg ha-1) were found for T1 (Control). The deep placement of USG and NPK briquettes enhanced the recovery of applied N and N use efficiency in comparison with the broadcast application of PU. The highest value of NUE (32.05 kg grain increase per kg N applied) was obtained in T5 [USG, 78 kg N ha-1] followed by T4 [30.75 kg grain increase per kg N applied) and the lowest value was found in T8 [130 kg N ha-1 from PU]. Based on yield, N use efficiency and cost-benefit analysis, an application of 104 kg N ha-1 as USG can be recommended as the best treatment for achieving satisfactory yield of boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan29) at BAU farm and at adjacent areas under AEZ 9 (Old Brahmaputra Floodplain).Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2017, 3(4): 454-461

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