A study of a pilot-scale biogas bio-filter system for utilization on pig farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-J. SU ◽  
Y.-J. CHEN ◽  
Y.-C. CHANG
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Elemental Sulphur ◽  
Tree Fern ◽  
Filter System ◽  
Aerial Roots ◽  
Sulphur Oxides ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Tree

SUMMARYCombustion of biogas containing hydrogen sulphide (H2S) yields highly corrosive sulphur oxides, thereby limiting the use of biogas for heat and power generation. The current study developed and tested a pilot-scale biogas bio-filter system (BBS) to replace conventional water scrubbing systems at a commercial pig farm in Miaoli County, Taiwan. A 62·8-litre pilot-scale BBS, packed with dried aerial roots from the common tree fern (Sphaeropteris lepifera) and a mixture of dried aerial roots and plastic rings as bio-carriers and inoculated with sulphur oxidizing bacteria, was installed at a commercial pig farm. H2S concentration was 5600 mg/m3 and the biogas flow rate was 4 litres/min. The pilot-scale BBS could remove 26·9 g H2S/m3/h using a bio-filter that operated at a 7% (v/v) O2 level continuously for >200 days. It was found that most H2S was oxidized to elemental sulphur (S0) and accumulated on the surface of the dried aerial roots (0·084 g S0/g aerial root) in the BBS. The dried aerial roots and plastic Raschig ring mixture was more efficent at sulphur dioxide removal than the dried aerial roots on their own. The pH and sulphate (SO42−) concentrations of water dropping from the BBS were 1·6 ± 1·0 and 28 680 ± 8253 mg/l, respectively. However, sulphur is the dominant product of sulphur oxidizers at the 7% O2 level. Periodical flushing of the bio-filter with the effluent from the wastewater treatment system on the farm can maintain high efficiency of H2S removal.

scholarly journals Biological elimination of a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide from landfill biogas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Ibrahim ◽  
Abdessamad El Hassni ◽  
Shahram Navaee-Ardeh ◽  
Hubert Cabana
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Filter System ◽  
Biotrickling Filters ◽  
In Series ◽  
Maximum Elimination Capacity ◽  
Landfill Biogas

Abstract Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of the main contaminants found in biogas which is one of the end products of the anaerobic biodegradation of proteins and other sulfur-containing compounds in solid waste. The presence of H2S is one of the factors limiting the valorization of biogas. To valorize biogas, H2S and other contaminants must be removed. This study evaluated the performance of a pilot-scale biotrickling filter system on H2S removal from landfill biogas. The biotrickling filter system, which was packed with stainless-steel pall rings and inoculated with an H2S-oxidizing consortium, was designed to process 1 to 10 SCFM of biogas and used to determine the removal efficiency of a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide from landfill biogas. The biofiltration system consisted of two biotrickling filters connected in series. Results indicate that the biofiltration system reduced H2S concentration by 94–97% without reduction of the methane concentration in the outlet biogas. The inlet concentration of hydrogen sulfide, supplied to the two-phase bioreactor, was in the range of 900 to 1500 ppmv. The hydraulic retention times (HRT) of the two biotrickling filters were 3.9 and 0.9 min, respectively. Approximately 50 ppmv of H2S gas was detected in the outlet gas. The maximum elimination capacity of the biotrickling filter system was found to be 272 g H2S.m− 3.h− 1. During the biological process, the performance of biotrickling filter was not affected when the pH of the recirculated liquid decreased to 2–3. The overall performance of the biotrickling filter system was described using a modified Michaelis–Menten equation, and the Ks and Vm values for the biosystem were 34.7 ppmv and 200 mg H2S/L.h− 1, respectively.

Innovative Design of the Wind-Driven Efficient Feeding Mechanism

2013 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 290-293
Author(s):  
Bao Gang Wang ◽  
Qi Hui Song ◽  
Guang Chi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Linkage Mechanism ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Feeding Mechanism ◽  
Gear Mechanism ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Material Transportation

A wind-driven feeding mechanism of high efficiency is designed according to the TRIZ theory and its mechanical structure innovative design based on the principle of energy conversion. It aims at delivering of small granular, cylindrical, flakes and other materials in machinery, pharmaceuticals, electronics and other industries by transmission mechanism such as the typical gear mechanism and linkage mechanism. The prototype is produced combined with the specific parameters of the common materials. The modular innovative design is adopted, including the transmission module, driver module and material feeding module. By the inspection of the actual operation, each design module of the produced prototype is stable and reliable. At the same time the effect of material transportation is good.

SEM Study on the Dorsal Lingual Surface of the Common Tree Shrew, Tupaia glis

1992 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chunhabundit ◽  
S. Thongpila ◽  
R. Somana
Keyword(s):  
Tree Shrew ◽  
Lingual Surface ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Tupaia Glis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Tree

scholarly journals Learned Video Compression via Joint Spatial-Temporal Correlation Exploration

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (07) ◽  
pp. 11580-11587
Author(s):  
Haojie Liu ◽  
Han Shen ◽  
Lichao Huang ◽  
Ming Lu ◽  
Tong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
Video Compression ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Compression Method ◽  
High Efficiency Video Coding ◽  
First Order ◽  
Coding Efficiency ◽  
The Common

Traditional video compression technologies have been developed over decades in pursuit of higher coding efficiency. Efficient temporal information representation plays a key role in video coding. Thus, in this paper, we propose to exploit the temporal correlation using both first-order optical flow and second-order flow prediction. We suggest an one-stage learning approach to encapsulate flow as quantized features from consecutive frames which is then entropy coded with adaptive contexts conditioned on joint spatial-temporal priors to exploit second-order correlations. Joint priors are embedded in autoregressive spatial neighbors, co-located hyper elements and temporal neighbors using ConvLSTM recurrently. We evaluate our approach for the low-delay scenario with High-Efficiency Video Coding (H.265/HEVC), H.264/AVC and another learned video compression method, following the common test settings. Our work offers the state-of-the-art performance, with consistent gains across all popular test sequences.

A proposal to distinguish several taxa in the Brazilian tree fern Cyathea corcovadensis (Cyatheaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Lehnert ◽  
Anna Weigand
Keyword(s):  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Tree Fern ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Hybrid Complex ◽  
The Common

A proposal is made to recognize the following species within Cyathea corcovadensis as currently circumscribed: Cyathea corcovadensis sensu stricto, C. feeana and C. miersii. A common characteristic of the three species is a weak leaf dimorphism, which is most evident in C. miersii where it leads to a high variability of the dissection of the lamina. Cyathea corcovadensis and C. feeana are distinct from C. miersii and other Brazilian tree ferns in having entire pinnules and abruptly reduced, pinnule-like apices on the pinnae. Both species differ from each other in relative and absolute measures of pinnule size and the position of the sori. Cyathea miersii includes all material with pinnatifid pinnules and either abruptly or gradually reduced pinnae. The possibility that it may represent a hybrid complex of C. corcovadensis and/or C. feeana with the common C. atrovirens is discussed. 

Practical value of food bait «Fliblok gran-ules» in order to reduce the number of zoo-philic flies at the pig farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
S.V. Engashev ◽  
◽  
F. I. Vasilevich ◽  
M.D. Novak ◽  
E.S. Engasheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Food Pellet ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Russian Federa Tion ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
Almost All

Bestial flies are widely spred at various types of livestock enterprises (dairy farms, fattening farms, pig farms, sheep farms, stud farms, poultry farms) of the Russian Federa-tion; they are mechanical and biological carriers of many pathogens of infectious and invasive diseases, can cause anemia and stress in productive farm animals and young animals. The economic damage from infec-tious and parasitic diseases, the causative agents of which carry licking and blood-sucking flies, as well as from a decrease in productivity due to stress, is measured in hundreds of millions of rubles a year. In addition, high costs are required for veteri-nary, anti-epizootic and recreational activi-ties. We conducted a test to study the effective-ness of the Flyblock® food pellet bait (organization-developer of NEC Agrovet-zashchita LLC), an insecticidal and attract-ant measurement during the period of the maximum number of bestial flies on a pig farm.The food bait was tested from the sec-ond half of summer until the end of Septem-ber in three commercial pig farms of the Ryazan Region: 50 x 12 m - experimental, 5 x 12 m - control № 1 (fodder kitchen), 50 x 12 m - control № 2. In the experimental room, the Flyblock® drug granules were distributed by the rate of 5 g per 5 m2 in cardboard containers 12 x 8 cm in size with 4 cm high side walls in plac-es not accessible to animals - window open-ings. The Flyblock® pellet food bait was placed once with regular monitoring (starting from the first day and for 2.5 months) of its effectiveness against bestial flies with the obligatory re-moval of dead flies. Studies have showed the high efficiency of Flyblock® food pellets against bestial flies. The effectiveness of the the drug against licking and bloodsucking flies when keeping pigs for fattening in the premises of a com-mercial pig farm is in almost all cases of research more than 95%.

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