The Interplay between the State, the Market, and Culture in Shaping Civil Society: A Case Study of the People's Solidarity for Participatory Democracy in South Korea

After the formal end of military rule in the late 1980s, a new type of voluntary association commonly called “citizens' organizations” emerged in Korean civil society. Pursuing progressive social change through legal and policy reforms, citizens' organizations became the voice of revived civil society in urban Korea and enjoyed public trust until the mid-2000s, when their influence began to wane. Using in-depth interviews and fieldwork data on the People's Solidarity for Participatory Democracy (PSPD), one of the most influential citizens' organizations, this paper examines how the specific social meanings of civil society informed the roles that the state and the market played in the rise and relative decline of the PSPD and how class and gender affected individual access to it. This focus on the interplay among culture, the state, and the market enables us to move beyond cultural relativism and liberal universalism concerning the theoretical and empirical debate on civil society.

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Civil society organizations and peace building in Iraq after 2003 Assistant

Tikrit Journal For Political Science ◽

10.25130/poltic.v0i0.166 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 251

Author(s):

Qassim Alwan Saeed

Keyword(s):

Civil Society ◽

The State ◽

Civil Society Organizations ◽

Peace Building ◽

Social Force ◽

Security Environment ◽

State Authority ◽

New Type ◽

Causes Of Violence ◽

Political Economic

Civil society organizations are among the most important non-official institutions independent of state authority. Today, they are a cultural necessity and a social force that has no special goals. It has lofty goals and principles, including the establishment of a culture of dialogue and peaceful coexistence and the consolidation of the values of citizenship and human rights The period following the events of 2003 witnessed the establishment of a large number of these organizations in Iraq because of the political evolution and the accompanying democratic and political parties and the change in the structure and management of the system. These organizations played a large role in Iraq after 2003 to the occupation of a large Iraq, which requires directing the resources of the state for the liberation of Iraqi territory, and the elimination of this organization, as these organizations to play a major role in building peace and the transformation of conflict and prevent the arrival of violence through the creation of an appropriate environment and address the factors and the dynamics of this conflict from In the development of a comprehensive approach, and rehabilitation of Iraqi society, which is suffering from a new type of relations based on suspicion and suspicion, after the foundations of community coexistence in Iraq were hit Peace building and resolution of conflicts, especially the major ones, which often have multiple causes, require great efforts by the State, civil society organizations and individuals, as well as international support, by studying the causes of these conflicts and exploring the root causes of violence and applying methods based on the cooperation of the parties to the conflict In a satisfactory manner, taking into account the cultural and religious diversity of all parties. This is done by providing the appropriate political, economic, social, cultural and security environment to reduce the violence and avoid returning it again by forcing individuals to reconsider their values and perhaps some of their extremist ideas. They have inherited it through their dealings with Qadash during the period of control over their areas, the decline of state authority, and the achievement of human security based on the citizen, to build peace, which is one of the main pillars in rebuilding the country that has been subjected to wars in order to get rid of the effects of conflicts and conflicts. And not to return to the future and ensure the security of the countries of the world.

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Power, Civil Society, and an Inchoate Politics of the Daily in Burma/Myanmar

The Journal of Asian Studies ◽

10.1017/s0021911812000083 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

pp. 371-397 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Elliott Prasse-Freeman

Keyword(s):

Political Economy ◽

Civil Society ◽

The State ◽

The Political ◽

Political Movements ◽

Policy Reforms ◽

Rent Extraction ◽

Progressive Policy ◽

Political Groups

Burma/Myanmar's postcolonial elites have established a military-state with hybrid-imperial structures, characterized by high despotic but low infrastructural modes of power, and fueled by rent-extraction. Given the resulting evisceration of opposition political groups, citizens understand explicit politics as dangerous. That said, cleavages between state and the polity afford vast space for “civil society” groups (CS) to form and operate. CS stabilize the political economy by managing citizen needs; conversely, CS stand as a wedge between state and masses, (potentially) constructing spaces to coordinate and magnify potential demands. Yet CS currently err toward managing needs. Opposition must politicize Burmese masses and CS through idioms that interface with CS's material tasks—a “politics of the daily”—encouraging them to make, collectively, a multiplicity of non-adversarial demands. This may compel the state to pivot and seek new bargains, at which point elite advocacy-oriented CS can provide progressive policy reforms. The paper will examine recent inchoate social-political movements in Burma for models of this politics.

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El discurso antagónico de la sexualidad y la participación ciudadana: el caso de las travestis prostitutas de Mártires, Bogotá

La Manzana de la Discordia ◽

10.25100/lamanzanadeladiscordia.v8i1.1550 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Isabel Cristina Buriticá López

Keyword(s):

Gender Identity ◽

Public Space ◽

Citizen Participation ◽

Participatory Democracy ◽

High Impact ◽

The State ◽

Collective Actions ◽

Common Space ◽

The Creation ◽

And Gender

Resumen: En el presente trabajo se analiza cómo las ex- periencias compartidas por las travestis prostitutas en un espacio común dentro de la ciudad de Bogotá, propician una serie de acciones colectivas dentro del marco de la participación ciudadana. A partir de algunas reflexiones sobre comunidad y democracia participativa, se estudian las luchas de las travestis, que se hacen posibles gracias al reconocimiento de la diversidad y la multiculturalidad de la Constitución de 1991. Sin embargo, la prostitución a menudo es vista como una invasión indebida del ám- bito público, que como tal produce rechazo. A pesar de la persecución que sufren debido a ello, las travestis que ejercen la prostitución se asociaron en la zona de Már- tires en la ciudad de Bogotá, logrando la creación de la Zona de Alto Impacto en la localidad, mediante una publicización del conflicto, es decir una discusión y deli- beración en un espacio público generado por el Estado para conciliar algo previamente juzgado inconciliable. Dicha zona se convirtió así en el único sector de Bogotá que cuenta con permiso legal para funcionar como ámbi- to para actividades de prostitución, con lo cual se logra dignificar no sólo un oficio sino una identidad sexual y de género marginada.Palabras clave: travestis, prostitución, participación ciudadana, publicización, legalizaciónThe Antagonistic Discourse of Sexuality and Citizen Participation: The Case of Transvestite Prostitutes in MártiresAbstract: This paper analyzes how the sharing of experi- ences by transvestite prostitutes in a common space in Bogotá propitiates a series of collective actions in the framework of citizen participation. After some reflections about community and participatory democracy, we con-sider the struggles for recognition of the transvestites, made possible due to the recognition of diversity and multiculturality in the Constitution of 1991. However, prostitution is often seen as an undue invasion of the pub- lic space, which produces rejection. In spite of the perse- cution they suffer due to this, the transvestites who act as prostitutes in the Mártires area in Bogotá came together and achieved the creation of a Zone of High Impact, by means of publicization, i.e. a discussion in a public space generated by the State to conciliate what previously was judged irreconcilable. Thus this zone became the only sector in Bogotá where it is legal to work in prostitution, which makes it possible to dignify not only an activity but a sexual and gender identity that has been marginalized.Key Words: transvestites, prostitution, citizen participa- tion, publicization, legalization

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Transmitting a Far-Right Affinity

Empire's Legacy ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190875664.003.0011 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 153-162

Author(s):

John W.P. Veugelers

Keyword(s):

Civil Society ◽

Social Ties ◽

Voluntary Associations ◽

The State ◽

Voluntary Association ◽

Far Right ◽

Parliamentary Elections ◽

Political Patronage

This chapter examines the linkages between voluntary association, political patronage, and extremist politics. Post-election surveys conducted in Toulon after the presidential and parliamentary elections of 2002, 2007, and 2012 show that patriotic associations insulate their members within a subculture that nurtures support for the far right. This confirms the notion that associations that discourage cross-cutting social ties are not schools for tolerance. In addition, the chapter documents the prevalence of political patronage for voluntary associations. This undermines the autonomy of civil society from the state; and suggests that, indirectly, the state has helped to a support milieu that harbors a far-right potential.

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A Importância do Inventário Participativo na Preservação do Patrimônio Cultural

Revista Discente Ofícios de Clio ◽

10.15210/clio.v5i8.19051 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 201

Author(s):

Emanuelly Mylena Velozo Silva

Keyword(s):

Civil Society ◽

Cultural Heritage ◽

The State ◽

Heritage Preservation ◽

National Inventory ◽

Intangible Heritage ◽

New Type ◽

Over Time ◽

Cultural Heritage Preservation

O Patrimônio Cultural no Brasil possui o Tombamento e o Registro como instrumentos de salvaguarda para, respectivamente, o Patrimônio Material e o Patrimônio Imaterial. A partir do ano de 2000, é criado o Inventário Nacional de Referências Culturais (INRC) que contempla o Inventário como forma de registro do patrimônio. Com as suas transformações ao passar do tempo, um dos tipos que mais democratizou o acesso do patrimônio cultural à sociedade foi o Inventário Participativo, onde a própria comunidade toma a iniciativa de identificar e registrar suas referências culturais. Portanto, o presente artigo irá abordar como esse novo tipo de instrumento cultural aproxima e quebra barreiras entre a sociedade civil e o Estado, unindo-se no benefício da preservação do patrimônio cultural nacional.Palavras-chave: Inventário Participativo; Patrimônio Cultural; Preservação; Sociedade.Abstract Cultural Heritage in Brazil has listed and registered as safeguard instruments for, respectively, Material Heritage and Intangible Heritage. Established in 2000, the National Inventory of Cultural References (NICR) was created, which contemplates the Inventory as a way of registering the patrimony. With its transformations over time, one of the types that most democratized the access of cultural heritage to society was the Participatory Inventory, in which the community itself takes the initiative to identify and register its cultural references. Therefore, this paper will address how this new type of cultural instrument approaches and breaks down barriers between civil society and the State, uniting in the benefit of the preservation of the national cultural heritage. Keywords: Participatory Inventory; Cultural heritage; Preservation; Society.

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The state and the reconstruction of civil society

International Review of Administrative Sciences ◽

10.1177/0020852315592467 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 676-693 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Taco Brandsen ◽

Willem Trommel ◽

Bram Verschuere

Keyword(s):

Civil Society ◽

The State ◽

Public Values ◽

General Process ◽

Delicate Balance ◽

New Type ◽

Citizen Initiatives

The current relationship between the state and civil society in Europe is a curious and historically unique one. This is no longer a situation in which participation and association prepare citizens for the offices of the state; rather, it is the state urging a sometimes-reluctant citizenry to engage actively in civil society. This phenomenon stems from a combination of changes in prevailing governance paradigms and of the more general process of social liquefaction. In the article, we analyse these two intertwining trends and discuss the new type of relationship between the state and civil society that may be emerging. Points for practitioners The article puts the current vogue for renewed state–civil society relationships in a larger context. It shows that, however commendable many initiatives may be, there is the risk that the desire on the part of governments for their citizens to participate and self-organize may lead the state to take over such initiatives, leading to a manufactured civil society that has little to do with spontaneous citizen initiatives. Another possible consequence is that truly spontaneous citizen initiatives will shun collaboration with the state and focus only inwards, to the detriment of broader public values. Therefore, in this area, the state must strike a delicate balance between encouragement and restraint.

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