Informed choice in modern contraceptive method use: pattern and predictors among young women in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 846-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manas Ranjan Pradhan ◽  
Surendra Kumar Patel ◽  
Antim Alok Saraf
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Informed Choice ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Method

AbstractResearch on informed choice in modern contraceptive method acceptance by young married women is pertinent in the broader context of individual freedom and reproductive rights, especially in countries where women continue to have limited control over their reproductive and contraceptive choices. This study in India asked: (1) is young married women’s acceptance of specific modern contraceptive methods an informed choice? and (2) what are the enablers and barriers to informed choice? The study used data for currently married women aged 15–24 (N = 20,752) from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) conducted in 2015–16. A Method Information Index (MII) was calculated as a measure of informed choice from the percentage of users who responded ‘yes’ to all three questions on: whether they were informed about methods other than the one they received, told about the method-specific side-effects, and advised what to do if they experienced side-effects. Binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to examine the adjusted effect of factors associated with the MII separately for female sterilization, the intrauterine device and the oral contraceptive pill, and a combined MII including all three methods plus injectables. One-fifth of the study women used any modern contraceptive method at the time of survey, of which only 36% had fully informed choice. The likelihood of being informed about the methods was significantly higher among those using the oral contraceptive pill (OR: 1.75, CI 1.58–1.94), IUD (OR: 2.23, CI 1.97–2.52) and injectables (OR: 1.37, CI 0.97–1.94) compared with those who were sterilized. Informed choice varied by region and the socioeconomic profile of the users. Inadequately informed choice violates the reproductive rights of young women and might result in higher post-use health problems, discontinuation of and unmet need for contraceptives, unintended pregnancies, induced abortions and regret, adversely affecting women’s health. Training of health/family planning workers in India about the importance of reproductive rights is urgently required to enhance informed contraceptive choice and improve the health of young married women.

scholarly journals Four out of ten married women utilized modern contraceptive method in Ethiopia: A Multilevel analysis of the 2019 Ethiopia mini demographic and health survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262431
Author(s):  
Sewunet Sako Shagaro ◽  
Teshale Fikadu Gebabo ◽  
Be’emnet Tekabe Mulugeta
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Utilization

Background Modern contraceptive method is a product or medical procedure that interferes with reproduction from acts of sexual intercourse. Globally in 2019, 44% of women of reproductive age were using a modern method of contraception but it was 29% in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, the main aim of this analysis was to assess the prevalence of modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among married women in Ethiopia. Method The current study used the 2019 Ethiopia mini demographic and health survey dataset. Both descriptive and multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression analysis were done using STATA version 14. A p-value of less than 0.05 and an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were used to report statistically significant factors with modern contraceptive utilization. Result The overall modern contraceptive utilization among married women in Ethiopia was 38.7% (95% CI: 37.3% to 40.0%). Among the modern contraceptive methods, injectables were the most widely utilized modern contraceptive method (22.82%) followed by implants (9.65%) and pills (2.71%). Maternal age, educational level, wealth index, number of living children, number of births in the last three years, number of under 5 children in the household, religion, and geographic region were independent predictors of modern contraceptive utilization. Conclusion In the current study only four out of ten married non-pregnant women of reproductive age utilized modern contraceptive methods. Furthermore, the study has identified both individual and community-level factors that can affect the utilization of modern contraceptive methods by married women in the country. Therefore, concerned bodies need to improve access to reproductive health services, empower women through community-based approaches, and minimize region wise discrepancy to optimize the utilization.

scholarly journals Protocol for cluster randomized evaluation of reaching married adolescents - a gender-synchronized intervention to increase modern contraceptive use among married adolescent girls and young women and their husbands in Niger

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Challa ◽  
Stephanie M. DeLong ◽  
Nicole Carter ◽  
Nicole Johns ◽  
Holly Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Abstract Background Early marriage and early childbearing are highly prevalent in Niger with 75% of girls married before age 18 years and 42% of girls giving birth between ages 15 and 18 years. In 2012, only 7% of all 15–19-year-old married adolescents (male and female) reported use of a modern contraceptive method with barriers including misinformation, and social norms unsupportive of contraception. To meet the needs of married adolescents and their husbands in Niger, the Reaching Married Adolescents (RMA) program was developed with the goal of improving modern contraceptive method uptake in the Dosso region of Niger. Methods Using a four-arm cluster randomized control design, the RMA study seeks to assess whether household visits only (Arm 1), small group discussions only (Arm 2), or a combination of both (Arm 3), as compared to controls (no intervention – Arm 4), improve modern contraceptive method use among married adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), age 13–19 years-old, in three districts of the Dosso region. Intervention conditions were randomly assigned across the three districts, Dosso, Doutchi, and Loga. Within each district, eligible villages were assigned to either that intervention condition or to the control condition (12 intervention and 4 control per district). Across the three intervention conditions, community dialogues regarding modern contraceptive use were also implemented. Data for the study was collected at baseline (April – June 2016), at 24 months post-intervention (April – June 2018), and a final round of data collection will occur at 40 months post-intervention (October – December 2019). Discussion The RMA intervention is a gender-synchronized and community-based program implemented among married adolescent girls and their husbands in the context of rural Niger. The intervention is designed to provide education about modern contraception and to promote gender equity in order to increase uptake of modern contraceptive methods. Results from this cluster randomized control study will contribute to the knowledge base regarding the utility of male engagement as a strategy within community-level approaches to promote modern contraceptive method use in the high need context of West Africa. Trial registration Registered October 2017 - ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03226730.

scholarly journals Contraceptive Practice Among the Married Women of Reproductive Age in the Garments Factory

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-289
Author(s):  
Md. Atiqur Rahman ◽  
Md. Mahfuzar Rahman ◽  
Jasmin Ara Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
The Mean

Background: Bangladesh is a country having high density of population in the world. Its fertility rate ranges from 4.1 to 5.49 and life expectancy is 66years while the total fertility rate of Asia is 2.2 and life expectancy 70 years. This study was conducted to investigate the pattern of contraceptive practices among the married women of reproductive age in the garments factory. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional survey was carried out among 240 married women of reproductive age from January to June,2012 in the garments factory of Dhaka city . Data were collected on a pre-tested questionnaire by face to face interview. SPSS version 16 was used to analyzed the data. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant for inference. Results: The mean age of the study population was 29±6.5 years with the mean age at marriage of 17.18±2.7 years. 73(31%) were practicing some methods of contraception, while 167 (69%) were not using it. OCP (Oral Contraceptive Pill) was the commonest method of contraception followed by Condoms 12(5%), Injectable 12(5%), Implant 12(5%) & Tubectomy 6(3%). None was found using IUCD and Traditional method ( withdrawal, rhythm method ) and emergency contraceptive method. The use of contraceptives were more common in grand multipara (p<0.01), >35 years old ladies (p<0.05). No statistical association was found between the use of contraceptive method and educational status of the respondents and their husband. Non users of contraceptives in this study were 167 (69%) and the major reasons for the non use were intention to have more children 53(31.46%) followed by pressure from the husband 21(12.35%), prohibition by the religion 18 (10.9%) and desire for son 17 (10.11%). Among the 73 contraceptive users 38 (52%) experienced side effects with the use of contraceptives. The commonest side effects were menstrual irregularities 17(23.8%) followed by change in body weight 8(11.19%). Conclusion: Frequency of contraceptive use was found comparatively low among garments workers despite high level of awareness. Desire for larger family, religious concerns and fear of side effects were the main factors responsible for non users. Religious scholars must play their role in clarifying many aspects regarding contraceptives. KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-2, January 2013, Page 282-289 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i2.15168

scholarly journals Contraceptive Practice of Married Women: Experience from a Rural Community of Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Atiqur Rahman ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
M R Siddiqui ◽  
J A Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: Bangladesh is a country having high density of population in the world. Its fertility rate ranges from 4.1 to 5.49. This study was conducted to investigate socio-demographic characteristics, type of used contraceptive method, reasons for non use of contraceptive methods and also the side effects due to use of contraceptive method among the married women in some villages of Keranigonj Upazila, Dhaka. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional survey was carried out among 240 married women of reproductive age from July to December, 2012 in some villages of Keranigonj, Upazila, Dhaka. Results: The mean age of the study population was 29±6.5 years with the mean age at marriage of 17.18±2.7 years. 73(31%) were practicing some methods of contraception, while 167 (69%) were not using it. OCP (Oral Contraceptive Pill) was the commonest method of contraception followed by Condoms 12(5%), Injectable 12(5%), Implant 12(5%) & Tubectomy 6(3%). None was found using IUCD and Traditional method ( withdrawal, rhythm method ) and emergency contraceptive method. The use of contraceptives were more common in grand multipara (p<0.01), >35 years old ladies (p<0.05). No statistical association was found between the use of contraceptive method and educational status of the respondents and their husband. Non users of contraceptives in this study were 167 (69%) and the major reasons for the non use were intention to have more children 53(31.46%) followed by pressure from the husband 21(12.35%), prohibition by the religion 18 (10.9%) and desire for son 17 (10.11%). Among the 73 contraceptive users 38 (52%) experienced side effects with the use of contraceptives. The commonest side effects were menstrual irregularities 17(23.8%) followed by change in body weight 8(11.19%). Conclusion: Frequency of contraceptive use was found comparatively low among rural married women despite high level of awareness. Desire for larger family, religious concerns and fear of side effects were the main factors responsible for non users. Religious scholars must play their role in clarifying many aspects regarding contraceptives.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v15i1.19852 J Medicine 2014; 15: 9-13

scholarly journals The effect of women’s bargaining power within couples on contraceptive use in Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Dimitri Tchakounté Tchuimi ◽  
Benjamin Fomba Kamga
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Method ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Use

Background: The prevalence of contraception among married women, evaluated at 23%, is low in Cameroon. Maternal death rates, estimated at 782 deaths per 100,000 live births, are very worrying. The National Strategic Plan for Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (2015-2020) and the Health Sector Strategy (2016-2027) focuses on increasing modern contraceptive prevalence as a means to reduce maternal death. This paper identifies women’s bargaining power as a factor that may stimulate contraceptive use. The objective of this study is to analyze the association between women's bargaining power within couples and modern contraceptive use. Methods: The data used come from the fifth Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in 2018. Women’s bargaining power within couple is measured by a Woman Bargaining Power Composite Index (WBPCI) built through a multiple correspondence analysis. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between WBPCI and modern contraceptive use. Results: The results of the descriptive statistics show that women's bargaining power is higher among women who use contraception than for those who do not. The results of the logistic regression model show that an increase of WBPCI was significantly associated with higher chances of using a modern contraceptive method (OR = 1.352; 95% CI: 1.257, 1.454; p <0.01). The education of women is also a key determinant since educated women were at least two times more likely to use a modern contraceptive method than uneducated women.   Conclusions: To reduce high maternal death rates in Cameroon, public health policies should not only focus on the health system itself, but should also focus on social policies to empower women in the household.

Child marriage and its impact on fertility and fertility-related outcomes in South Asian countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 026858092096131
Author(s):  
SM Mostafa Kamal ◽  
Efehan Ulas
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Method

Although South Asia (SA) is reported as a home of child marriage, the association of child marriage with fertility and fertility-related outcomes in this region is poorly explored. The most recent data of the Demographic and Health Survey of six SA countries – Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal and Pakistan – have been used in this article. The unit of analysis is 584,213 currently married women aged 20–49. The outcomes of interest are fertility and fertility-outcomes. Quantitatively important and reliable estimates were obtained from the statistical analyses. The results are presented by odds ratios with 95% CIs. Findings reveal that, overall, 42.1% of the respondents were married-off before age 18. The prevalence of child marriage was lowest in the Maldives and highest in Bangladesh at 20.5% and 74.4% respectively. The likelihood of early childbirth and repeated childbirth were significantly ( p < 0.001) lower and that for high fertility, unintended pregnancy, lifetime pregnancy termination and use of a modern contraceptive method was significantly higher in the child married women compared to their adult married counterparts. Reforms should aim to have more girls remain in schooling for both personal and overall societal development and also to reduce adverse reproductive outcomes caused by child marriage.

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