scholarly journals Pensions and Retirement Among Black Union Army Veterans

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora L. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Union Army ◽  
Income Transfer ◽  
Income Transfers ◽  
Retirement Decisions ◽  
Unearned Income

I examine the effects of an unearned income transfer on the retirement rates and living arrangements of black Union Army veterans. I find that blacks were more than twice as responsive as whites to income transfers in their retirement decisions and 6 to 8 times as responsive in their choice of independent living arrangements. My findings have implications for understanding racial differences in rates of retirement and independent living at the beginning of the twentieth century, the rise in retirement prior to 1930, and the subsequent convergence in black-white retirement rates and living arrangements.

Old Age, Economic Activity, and Living Arrangements in the Early-Twentieth-Century United States

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-468
Author(s):  
Cheryl Elman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Household Structure ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Household Economy ◽  
Major Transitions ◽  
Intergenerational Coresidence ◽  
Second Shift ◽  
Elderly Living

Two major transitions in U.S. household structure involving the living arrangements of the elderly have taken place over the last two centuries. The first transition, around 1820, marked the demise of the colonial household economy and the rise of a privatized household economy (Degler 1980; Demos 1986; Lasch 1977; Ruggles 1987; Rutman 1977; Ryan 1981). The old tended to share households with the nonold after this time, and the prevalence of coresidence peaked at the turn of the twentieth century (Ruggles 1987). The second shift, around the late 1940s, marked a quiet “demographic revolution” in living arrangements (Smith 1986). It brought a rapid decline in intergenerational coresidence and a parallel rise in young adults and the elderly living as primary individuals.

Village senior centres and the living arrangements of older people in rural China: considerations of health, land, migration and intergenerational support

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 2044-2073 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUIJUN LIU ◽  
KAREN N. EGGLESTON ◽  
YAN MIN
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Intergenerational Support ◽  
North East

ABSTRACTChina is experiencing rapid urbanisation and population ageing, alongside sometimes contentious rural land consolidation. These on-going social, economic, political and demographic changes are especially problematic for older people in rural areas. In these regions, social and institutional support arrangements are less developed than in urban areas; older people have few options for re-settlement but are resistant to or incapable of adjusting to high-rise apartment living. In 2012–13, we gathered rich qualitative and quantitative data on over 600 older residents in 12 villages under the jurisdiction of City L in north-east coastal China to analyse residents’ living arrangement choices during the village renovation process. We compared villages with and without senior centres to shed light on the correlates of co-residence and independent living. Senior centres play a role in balancing the burden on rural Chinese families resulting from population ageing, smaller families, widespread migration for work, and the rapid urbanisation that is restructuring land rights and social support arrangements.

Portraits of Joy: The Lived Experiences of Young Adults With Autism Expressed Through Photovoice

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 7512505155p1-7512505155p1
Author(s):  
Paula J. Thompson-Costello ◽  
Mackenzie Traub ◽  
Eleanor Sweeney ◽  
Mallory Schrier ◽  
Hannah R. Dau
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Young Adults With Autism

Abstract Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. For young adults and adults with autism, the outcomes related to independence, social relationships, employment status, and living arrangements have been poor. This session will share research using PhotoVoice to explore the lived experience of young adults with autism in a community-based independent-living residence. Challenges and opportunities for independence as seen through photos and reflections on the OT role will be shared. Primary Author and Speaker: Paula J. Thompson-Costello Additional Authors and Speakers: Mackenzie Traub, Eleanor Sweeney, Mallory Schrier, and Hannah R. Dau

Living Arrangement Preferences of Elderly People in Taiwan as Affected by Family Resources and Social Participation

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Jong Chen ◽  
Ching-Yi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Large Family ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Family Resources

This article investigates living arrangement preferences of elderly people in Taiwan, including coresidence with family (their children or spouse), coresidence with spouse only, living alone, and living in an institution. The authors consider the effects of three factors: the elderly persons’ health situation, their family resources, and their social participation, such as community workshops or political activities. Accordingly, the authors propose empirical logit models based on the well-developed discrete choice theory. Empirical results reveal that (1) elderly people with higher socioeconomic status, prefer either independent living arrangements or coresidence with their children, (2) elderly people with more family resources, such as large family size, prefer to coreside with their children, and (3) elderly people with adequate social support and/or contact networks prefer independent living arrangements.

scholarly journals CULTURAL DIMENSION OF THE DISCREPANCY OF PLANNED AND ACTUAL RETIREMENT AGE IN THE U.S.: HISPANICS VERSUS NON-HISPANICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S130-S131
Author(s):  
Antonia E Diaz-Valdes Iriarte
Keyword(s):  
Racial Differences ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Retirement Decisions ◽  
Retirement Timing ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Sustainability Problems ◽  
Taking Care

Abstract The sustainability problems to the SS has led to a glowing debate about what the full retirement age should be and if working longer is a plausible option for everyone or just for those who have some control over their retirement decisions (e.g., Munnell & Sass, 2008; McNamara & Williamson, 2013; Munnell et al, 2016). All ethno-racial groups have increased their average retirement age over the last years. However, Hispanics’ retirement age is still lower even if they stated they plan to continue to work at retirement (EBRI 2008; Diaz-Valdes, 2018). Most studies about retirement timing have focused on middle-class Whites, and the prediction of planned or actual retirement separately. One of the lesser studied complexities of the retirement conundrum concerns ethno-racial differences and cultural-related predictors of retirement timing (Lytle et al, 2015). This study seeks to extend the understanding of differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanics regarding the timing of retirement relative to when they thought they would retire by including a broad array of cultural and family related predictors. Multinomial regression models were used. The results indicate significant differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites. Taking care of grandchildren was a significant predictor among Hispanics but not among non-Hispanic Whites. For Hispanics taking care of grandchildren, for over 20 hrs., was associated with a decreased probability of stating they will never retire. The increase of one dependent was associated with an increased on the probability of retiring earlier than planned. The effect of one additional dependent was larger for non-Hispanics.

The Anti-Yugoslavist Narrative on Croatian Ethnolinguistic and Racial Identity, 1900-1941

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 331-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevenko Bartulin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Anthropological Theory

This article examines the work of leading anti-Yugoslavist Croat intellectuals in the first half of the twentieth century in relation to the question of race. These scholars used the discipline of racial anthropology in order to attempt to disprove the tenets of the racial supranational ideology of Yugoslavism by highlighting the ethnolinguistic-racial differences between Croats and Serbs. According to these intellectuals, the Croats were, racially speaking, purer Indo-Europeans and Slavs than the Serbs, who were in turn defined as possessing a strong Balkan Vlach racial component. Interestingly, these anti-Yugoslavist thinkers adopted the anthropological theory of Aryan-Slavic origins, as previously espoused by pan-Slavist Croat ideologists in the nineteenth century, in order to debunk the very idea of South Slav ‘national unity’ between Croats and Serbs.

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