An assessment of the incidence of iron deficiency in paediatric otolaryngology inpatients

AbstractThe aims of this study were: to determine whether there is an increased incidence of iron deficiency in paediatric otolaryngology inpatients compared with other surgical controls; and to establish whether preoperative screening of haemoglobin level is warranted in such patients.Children aged 1–10 years admitted electively for ENT surgery or for general surgical procedures had blood taken for haemoglobin level, mean cell volume and serum ferritin. Their age, weight, socio-economic class and ethnic background were recorded.A total of 100 patients entered the study, in a six-month period. The mean ages and weights for the two groups were statistically different, so allowance was made for this in calculations. Social class was not significantly different. No relationship could be established between haemoglobin level and ferritin level for individual patients. Multiple regression analysis for haemoglobin level, mean cell volume and for ferritin level showed that allowing for the age and weight differences these variables were not significantly different for the two groups.This study has therefore shown no increased incidence of iron deficiency in paediatric ENT inpatients. Each Department should formulate its own policy on pre-operative haemoglobin screening, based on local considerations.

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Reference and cut-off values for serum ferritin, mean cell volume, and hemoglobin to diagnose iron deficiency in infants aged 9 to 12 months

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina43090090 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 43 (9) ◽

pp. 698 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Neve Vendt ◽

Tiina Talvik ◽

Pille Kool ◽

Sirje Leedo ◽

Karel Tomberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Reference Values ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽

Healthy Infants ◽

Diagnostic Characteristics ◽

The Mean ◽

Better Than

Background. The number of different laboratory tests and reference values are used to diagnose iron deficiency, but there is no agreement regarding the diagnostic criteria for infants. Aim of study. To establish reference values for serum ferritin, mean cell volume, and hemoglobin in infants aged from 9 to 12 months in Estonia and to evaluate the diagnostic characteristics of serum ferritin, mean cell volume, and hemoglobin in the diagnosis of iron deficiency. Methods. Altogether 195 healthy infants aged 9–12 months participated in the study. They were randomly selected out of 300 families from seven different counties from all over Estonia. Serum ferritin, hemoglobin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels and mean cell volume were measured. The best cut-off values for serum ferritin, mean cell volume, and hemoglobin to diagnose iron deficiency, defined by sTfR>2.45 mg/L (n=25), were determined by receiver operating characteristic curves. Results. The mean and reference values (5th and 95th centiles) for ferritin was 24 µg/L (4– 55), 73 fl (68–80) for mean cell volume, and 112 g/L (101–128) for hemoglobin. The best cut-off values to diagnose iron deficiency were <10.9 µg/L for serum ferritin (sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 80%), <71 fl for mean cell volume (86% and 83%, respectively), and <107 g/L for hemoglobin (67% and 87%, respectively). The sensitivity and specificity of serum ferritin and mean cell volume in the diagnosis of iron deficiency were better than those of hemoglobin. Conclusion. For the diagnosis of iron deficiency in infants aged 9–12 months, the cut-off values of <10.9 µg/L and <71 fl should be used for serum ferritin and mean cell volume, respectively.

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Alteration of the erythrocyte ultrastructure and blood viscosity by morphine

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y78-036 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 245-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. B. Vadas ◽

E. A. Hosein

Keyword(s):

Cell Volume ◽

Blood Viscosity ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Plasma Viscosity ◽

Cell Geometry ◽

Flow Properties ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Morphine Administration ◽

The Mean ◽

Volume Cell

The effects of acute morphine administration on intact erythrocytes and on their flow properties were studied by measuring the mean cell volume, cell geometry, and whole blood and plasma viscosities. Morphine caused a small (2–7%) increase in mean cell volume. Changes in cell geometry were found to be time dependent and most pronounced in concave portions of the red cells. Whole blood viscosity was found to decrease upon morphine treatment; this may be due in part to a concurrent decrease in plasma viscosity.

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The mean cell volume difference (dMCV) reflects serum hypertonicity in diabetic dogs

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0219864 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. e0219864 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olga C. Norris ◽

Thomas Schermerhorn

Keyword(s):

Cell Volume ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

The Mean ◽

Diabetic Dogs ◽

Volume Difference

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Cell size and plamitate-1-14c turnover of rabbit marrow fat

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v49.4.599.599 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 599-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

S Trubowitz ◽

A Bathija

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fat Cell ◽

Marrow Fat ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Triglyceride Fraction ◽

Mean Diameter ◽

The Mean ◽

Perinephric Fat

Abstract Adipose tissue is a major component of normal rabbit marrow. Morphological considerations suggest an active role for this tissue in hematopoiesis. This hypothesis was tested by injecting 50 micronCi of palmitate-1–14C intravenously into fed, hematologically normal New Zealand rabbits. The animals were sacrificed 24 hr later and the femoral marrow removed. Samples of subcutaneous and perinephric fat were taken for comparison. The fat cells were isolated by the Rodbell method and the diameters measured. Incorporation of the 14C-palmitate in the triglyceride fraction was determined and the composition of the fatty acids was measured by gas chromatography. The mean diameter of the marrow fat cell was 46 micronm (mean cell volume 55 pl); the mean diameter of the perinephric fat cell 70 micronm (mean cell volume 200 pl). 14C-Palmitate turnover per gram triglyceride was some fivefold greater in the marrow fat; however, when expressed on a cell basis, the turnover for the marrow and perinephric fat cell was similar. The marrow fat contained a higher concentration of unsaturated fatty acids. These findings suggest that there is greater lipolysis and lesser storage in the marrow fat than in the perinephric.

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Hematologic Features of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Llamas

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098589202900505 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 400-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

D. E. Morin ◽

F. B. Garry ◽

M. G. Weiser ◽

M. J. Fettman ◽

L. W. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Iron Therapy ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽

Volume Distribution ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Parenteral Iron

Iron deficiency anemia was identified and characterized in three 14 to 29-month-old male llamas (llama Nos. 1–3) from separate herds in Colorado. The identification of iron deficiency anemia was based on hypoferremia (serum iron = 20–60 μg/dl), erythrocytic features, and hematologic response to iron therapy. The anemia was moderate and nonregenerative and characterized by erythrocyte hypochromia, microcytosis (mean cell volume = 15–18 fl), and decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (36.0–41.0 g/dl). Morphologic features unique to llamas with iron deficiency anemia included irregular distribution of hypochromia within erythrocytes and increased folded cells and dacryocytes. The cause of iron deficiency was not determined. The llamas were treated with various doses and schedules of parenteral iron dextran. Two of the llamas were monitored for up to 14 months after the start of iron therapy and experienced increases in hematocrit and mean cell volume values. In one llama, progressive replacement of microcytic cells with normal cells was visualized on sequential erythrocyte volume distribution histograms following iron therapy.

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Evaluation of Iron Status in Diabetic CKD Stage 5 Pre- Dialysis Patients

BIRDEM Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/birdem.v3i1.17120 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 5-10

Author(s):

Wasim Md. Mohosinul Haque ◽

Arif Mahmud ◽

Muhammad Abdur Rahmin ◽

Jesmin Jahan ◽

Sarker Mohammad Sajjad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Haemoglobin Level ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Serum Iron ◽

Iron Status ◽

Ferritin Level ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Ckd Stage

Objective: To evaluate the iron status among patients with diabetes mellitus and CKD stage 5, who have not started dialysis yet. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried on a total of 50 adult diabetic patients with stage 5 CKD, in the Department of Nephrology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka over 6 months. Results: Total number of patients was 50. Sixty two percent were male and 38% were female. Mean age was 55.22 (range 33-75) years. Mean± SD hemoglobin and ferritin levels were 7.61±2.54 mg/dl and 155.22±92.32 ng/ml respectively. Seventy percent of the study subjects had haemoglobin level d 9 mg/dl. In 48% of the study subjects, ferritin level was less than 100ng/ml. Fourty six percent of the study subjects had TSAT level below 20%. Haemoglobin, serum ferritin and TSAT level in the study subjects had negative relationship with duration of CKD. Haemoglobin and serum ferritin levels were positively correlated with eGFR of the study population. TIBC level had negative relationship with haemoglobin level which was statistically significant. Serum iron, ferritin and TSAT level in the study subjects were positively correlated with haemoglobin level. Relationship of haemoglobin with serum iron and TSAT level was statistically significant. Statistical analysis showed relationship between eGFR with haemoglobin and serum ferritin level was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Most of the diabetic CKD stage 5 patients had reduced hemoglobin level and iron deficiency is one of the contributory factors and TSAT is the better indicator for iron deficiency than serum iron, TIBC and ferritin level. Birdem Med J 2013; 3(1): 5-10 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v3i1.17120

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Effects of Chloramphenicol on Growth, Size Distribution, Chlorophyll Synthesis and Ultrastructure of Euglena Gracilis

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.4.3.627 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 627-644

Author(s):

Y. BEN-SHAUL ◽

Y. MARKUS

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Cell Division ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽

Secondary Effect ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Initial Rise ◽

Dividing Cells ◽

Light Inhibition ◽

The Mean

Multiplication of Euglena cells treated by 0.5-1.0 mg/ml chloramphenicol was not disturbed for the first 36 h and inhibition appeared only at later stages. The mean cell volume of treated dividing cells was decreased, although the initial rise in cell volume, which normally occurred during the first 12 h of incubation, was not prevented. The antibiotic also lowered the chlorophyll content of green dividing cells. In dard-grown cells transferred to light, inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis was immediate but not complete, and was followed by a decreased rate of plastid elongation and thylakoid formation. Our findings suggest that chloramphenicol does not cause the loss of existing pigment and that impaired chlorophyll synthesis is a secondary effect of inhibition of protein synthesis. The results also indicate that the greening process is more sensitive than cell division to the antibiotic.

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The Role of Iron Chelation Activity of Wheat Grass Juice in Blood Transfusion Requirement of Intermediate Thalassaemia.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v110.11.3829.3829 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 110 (11) ◽

pp. 3829-3829

Author(s):

Soma Mukhopadhyay ◽

Ashis Mukhopadhyay ◽

Pinaki Ranjan Gupta ◽

Manoj Kar ◽

Arpita Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

Haemoglobin Level ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Transfusion Requirement ◽

Ferritin Level ◽

Performance Status ◽

Iron Chelator ◽

Blood Transfusion Requirement ◽

Transfusion Requirements ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background: Previously it was thought that the chlorophyll of wheat grass (Triticum astevum) may be the substitute of haemoglobin of RBC having resemblance of similar structure. A group of Austrelian scientists tried to prove that wheat grass juice increases the foetal haemoglobin level 3–5 folds in intermediate thalassaemia patients. A pilot study with wheat grass juice in major thalassaemia patients were done by Dr. Marwa et al in IPGMR, Chandigarh, India. But there is no satisfactory explanation behind the reduced blood transfusion requirements after consumption of wheat grass juice for a long period. The aim of our study was to see the effect of wheat grass juice in blood transfusion requirement in intermediate thalassaemia patients and also do the biochemical analysis of the wheat grass juice. Material & Methods: During period from January 2003 to December 2006 we selected 200 intermediate thalassaemia patients (E-thalassaemia, E-Beta & Sickle thal) in the paediatric oncology department of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute. The age range of the patients was 1 year to 35 years (median age 18 years). The different types of thalasssaemia were E-Beta Thalassaemia 80% (160 patients), E-Thalassaemia 15% (30 patients) and Sickle Thalassaemia 5% (10 patients). When the wheat grasses were 5–7 days old, the fresh leaves including steams were made fresh juice and had given 30ml of juice daily to all our 200 patients for continuous 6 months. Wheat grass juice was analysed by column chromatography and found to be rich in oxalic acid and malic acid which might have some role in dietary absorption of iron from intestine. Beside that the wheat grass juice was found to contain a unique iron chelating property which was performed by deoxyribose degradation assay. We compared aqueous soluble extract of 5–7th day plant and our dose dependant study showed a significant iron chelating activity of crude extract in comparison to known standard iron chelator desferroxamine (DFO). The active compounds of crude extract of wheat grass may chelate catalytic iron in iron overload disorders when taking systematic dose. Result: The mean levels of haemoglobin before starting wheat grass juice were 6.2gm%. After 6months of wheat grass therapy the mean value for haemoglobin was 7.8gm% (pvalue <. 005). Twenty four patients (12%) require blood transfusion (haemoglobin < 6gm%). The performance status was improved from 60% to 80% (Karnofsky) after wheat grass treatment. The ferritin level of all patients before the study was found to be decreased significantly after wheat grass juice consumption. The mean interval between transfusion were found increased. Being a natural potent iron chelator and H2O2 quencher, it prevents the hydroxyl radical production by Fenton reaction in the RBC. Thus it may prevent the breakdown of plasma membrane of RBC and haemoglobin level becomes stable for a prolonged period. Conclusion: We may conclude that wheat grass juice is an effective alternative of blood transfusion. It’s use in intermediate thalassaemia patients should be encouraged.

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Cell size and plamitate-1-14c turnover of rabbit marrow fat

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v49.4.599.bloodjournal494599 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 599-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Trubowitz ◽

A Bathija

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fat Cell ◽

Marrow Fat ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Triglyceride Fraction ◽

Mean Diameter ◽

The Mean ◽

Perinephric Fat

Adipose tissue is a major component of normal rabbit marrow. Morphological considerations suggest an active role for this tissue in hematopoiesis. This hypothesis was tested by injecting 50 micronCi of palmitate-1–14C intravenously into fed, hematologically normal New Zealand rabbits. The animals were sacrificed 24 hr later and the femoral marrow removed. Samples of subcutaneous and perinephric fat were taken for comparison. The fat cells were isolated by the Rodbell method and the diameters measured. Incorporation of the 14C-palmitate in the triglyceride fraction was determined and the composition of the fatty acids was measured by gas chromatography. The mean diameter of the marrow fat cell was 46 micronm (mean cell volume 55 pl); the mean diameter of the perinephric fat cell 70 micronm (mean cell volume 200 pl). 14C-Palmitate turnover per gram triglyceride was some fivefold greater in the marrow fat; however, when expressed on a cell basis, the turnover for the marrow and perinephric fat cell was similar. The marrow fat contained a higher concentration of unsaturated fatty acids. These findings suggest that there is greater lipolysis and lesser storage in the marrow fat than in the perinephric.

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Microscopic Monitoring of Erythrocytes Deformation under Different Shear Stresses Using Computerized Cone and Plate Flow Chamber: Analytical Study of Normal Erythrocytes and Iron Deficiency Anemia

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/6067583 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Mohamed A. Elblbesy

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

Flow Chamber ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Shear Stresses ◽

Microscopic Technique ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Elongation Index ◽

The Mean

Erythrocytes deformation is one of the exciting properties of erythrocytes. It is still under investigation by many of the researchers in different disciplines. The clinicians and researchers are still looking for a simple and efficient method to monitor and tracking the erythrocytes deformation. This research article represented a microscopic technique that could be a helpful tool in evaluation and studying of erythrocytes deformation under different shear stresses. This technique was used to compare the deformation of normal erythrocytes and iron deficiency anemia. Elongation index was calculated and used in the quantitative analysis of erythrocytes deformation. It was found that the deformability of normal erythrocytes was higher than that of iron deficiency anemia. Normal erythrocytes and iron deficiency anemia showed strong negative correlations with the mean cell volume and the mean cell hemoglobin concentration under different shear stresses. This study introduces more understanding of the erythrocytes deformation by using a simple microscopic technique. The elongation index could be used as a measurable parameter to evaluate the deformability of the erythrocyte in normal and abnormal cases.

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