The Groote Schuur hospital classification of the orbital complications of sinusitis

1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 719-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mortimore ◽  
P. J. Wormald
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Acute Sinusitis ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Septal Group ◽  
Ready Availability ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
Orbital Complications

AbstractThe complications of sinusitis have been well described. The most common classifications used for orbital complications have been that of Chandler et al. (1970) and Moloney et al. (1987). With the ready availability of high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scanners, limitations of these classifications have become apparent. The aims of this study were to determine the relative frequency of the various complications associated with acute sinusitis, to determine which groups of sinuses were most frequently involved and to correlate the orbital signs with a new proposed classification of orbital complications. Over a five-year period, 87 consecutive patients were admitted with acute sinusitis. Sixty-three patients (72.4 per cent) had one or more complications. When orbital complications were classified under the proposed classification, all patients with proptosis and/or decreased eye movement had post-septal infection. Visual impairment occurred only in the post-septal group. Most complications had a combination of sinus involvement with the maxillary/ethmoid/frontal combination being the most common. The authors propose a modification of Moloney's classification for orbital complications of acute sinusitis that allows a clear differentiation between pre- and post-septal infection and a radiological differentiation to be made between cellulitis/phlegmon and abscess formation. The latter is of importance when a decision is made on whether surgical intervention is appropriate or not.

scholarly journals A Rare Stapes Abnormality

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Kanona ◽  
Jagdeep Singh Virk ◽  
Gaurav Kumar ◽  
Sanjiv Chawda ◽  
Sherif Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Stapes Prosthesis ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Conductive Hearing

The aim of this study is to increase awareness of rare presentations, diagnostic difficulties alongside management of conductive hearing loss and ossicular abnormalities. We report the case of a 13-year-old female reporting progressive left-sided hearing loss and high resolution computed tomography was initially reported as normal. Exploratory tympanotomy revealed an absent stapedius tendon and lack of connection between the stapes superstructure and footplate. The footplate was fixed. Stapedotomy and stapes prosthesis insertion resulted in closure of the air-bone gap by 50 dB. A review of world literature was performed using MedLine. Middle ear ossicular discontinuity can result in significant conductive hearing loss. This can be managed effectively with surgery to help restore hearing. However, some patients may not be suitable or decline surgical intervention and can be managed safely conservatively.

Orbital Complications of Acute Sinusitis: Evaluation, Management, and Outcome

1978 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. ORL-221-ORL-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor L. Schramm ◽  
Eugene N. Myers ◽  
John S. Kennerdell
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Orbital Cellulitis ◽  
Acute Sinusitis ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Orbital Complications

Acute orbital cellulitis is most commonly caused by sinusitis. This complication is based on the anatomy of the sinuses, orbit, and their venous connections. A series of 134 patients is reviewed to demonstrate the etiology and clinical course of orbital cellulitis. Antibiotic therapy alone does not prevent permanent complications. Surgical intervention is found necessary in all age groups and is required in 20% of the study population.

scholarly journals Tomography patterns of lung disease in systemic sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa de Lima Bastos ◽  
Ricardo de Amorim Corrêa ◽  
Gilda Aparecida Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Pulmonary Changes ◽  
Treatment Responses ◽  
Lung Impairment

Abstract Currently, lung impairment is the leading factor responsible for the morbidity and mortality associated with systemic sclerosis. Therefore, the recognition of the various tomography patterns becomes decisive in the clinical management of these patients. In high-resolution computed tomography studies, the most common pattern is that of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. However, there are other forms of lung involvement that must also be recognized. The aim of this study was to review the literature on the main changes resulting from pulmonary involvement in systemic sclerosis and the corresponding radiological findings, considering the current classification of interstitial diseases. We searched the Medline (PubMed), Lilacs, and SciELO databases in order to select articles related to pulmonary changes in systemic sclerosis and published in English between 2000 and 2015. The pulmonary changes seen on computed tomography in systemic sclerosis are varied and are divided into three main categories: interstitial, alveolar, and vascular. Interstitial changes constitute the most common type of pulmonary involvement in systemic sclerosis. However, alveolar and vascular manifestations must also be recognized and considered in the presence of atypical clinical presentations and inadequate treatment responses.

Failure of contrast enhanced computed tomography scans to identify an orbital abscess. The benefit of magnetic resonance imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Mcintosh ◽  
M Mahadevan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Acute Sinusitis ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Orbital Complications

AbstractIntroduction:Acute sinusitis is a relatively common condition, which usually responds to medical therapy. In most cases, there are no sequelae or complications subsequent to this infection. However, like many acute illnesses, there are well documented complications of acute sinusitis, and in particular these include peri-orbital and intracranial spread.Objective:The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of vigilance in peri-orbital involvement and the limitations of imaging techniques, such as computed tomography scanning. An illustrative case is presented to demonstrate this.Conclusion:Magnetic resonance imaging scanning is a valuable modality in assessing complex presentations of peri-orbital complications of acute sinusitis.

scholarly journals High-resolution computed tomography classification of lung fibrosis for patients with asbestos-related disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli Huuskonen ◽  
Leena Kivisaari ◽  
Antti Zitting ◽  
Kristian Taskinen ◽  
Antti Tossavainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Asbestos Related Disease

scholarly journals Identification of emphysema patterns in high resolution computed tomography images

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Musibau A. Ibrahim ◽  
Oladotun A. Ojo ◽  
Peter A. Oluwafisoye
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Hölder Exponent ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Box Counting ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Local Intensity ◽  
Box Counting Method

Fractal dimension (FD) is a very useful metric for the analysis of image structures with statistically self-similar properties. It has applications in areas such as texture segmentation, shape classification and analysis of medical images. Several approaches can be used for calculating the fractal dimension of digital images; the most popular method is the box-counting method. It is also very challenging and difficult to classify patterns in high resolution computed tomography images (HRCT) using this important descriptor. This paper applied the Holder exponent computation of the local intensity values for detecting the emphysema patterns in HRCT images. The absolute differences between the normal and the abnormal regions in the images are the key for a successful classification of emphysema patterns using the statistical analysis. The results obtained in this paper demonstrated the effectiveness of the predictive power of the features extracted from the Holder exponent in the analysis and classification of HRCT images. The overall classification accuracy achieved in lung tissue layers is greater than 90%, which is an evidence to prove the effectiveness of the methods investigated in this paper.

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