Early Cambrian palaeoscolecid cuticles from Shaanxi, China

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi-Guang Zhang ◽  
Brian R. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
High Diversity

Phosphatized, three-dimensional cuticle fragments of the palaeoscolecids Houscolex lepidotus new genus and new species, Houscolex species indeterminate, and an unidentified form are described from the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation of Shaanxi, China. These segmented worms, characterized by regularly arranged simple plates and platelets, small circular pores and fine pits, and irregularly distributed nipplelike protuberances, are unique among known palaeoscolecids. The occurrence of such cuticles as seemingly persistent elements of phosphatized faunas suggests that wormlike organisms achieved a fairly high diversity and widespread geographic distribution during the Early and Middle Cambrian.

Early Cambrian Trilobites from the Shackleton Limestone of the Central Transantarctic Mountains

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (S45) ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison R. Palmer ◽  
Albert J. Rowell
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
Water Carbonate ◽  
Shallow Water Carbonate

We document and describe the trilobite faunas of the Lower Cambrian Shackleton Limestone. The faunas include taxa of Atdabanian, Botomian and possible Toyonian ages and have affinities with those known previously from Gondwana or peri-Gondwana terranes. The geographic distribution of these organisms reveals a large measure of faunal connectedness around the margin of this vast supercontinent in Early Cambrian time. This connectedness extended even to taxa that inhabited shallow-water carbonate shelf environments, because the Shackleton Limestone accumulated in a variety of shallow subtidal and peritidal settings along the ocean-facing margin of the East Antarctic craton, subsequent to a Neoproterozoic rifting event. Although the fossilized Shackleton Limestone fauna is dominated by archaeocyathans, trilobites are common locally. We describe the remains of 35 trilobite taxa from 32 collecting localities. One species,H. granulosa, is assigned to the new genusHolyoakia;the remaining new species arePagetides (Discomesites) spinosus, Lemdadella antarcticae, Kingaspis(?)convexus, Yunnanocephalus longioccipitalis, andOnchocephalina(?)spinosa.

Lower Cambrian (Branchian) trilobites and biostratigraphy of the Hanford Brook Formation, southern New Brunswick

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 858-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Westrop ◽  
Ed Landing
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
The West ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Two New Species

The Hanford Brook Formation, one of the classic Cambrian units of Avalonian North America, contains at least eight species of endemic trilobites, including Berabichia milleri Westrop n. sp., that are assigned to seven genera. The vertical succession of faunas is far more complex than has been recognized previously, with each member containing a lithofacies-specific assemblage. These are, in ascending order: a bradoriid-linguloid Association without trilobites in the nearshore St. Martin's Member, a Protolenus Association in dysaerobic siltstones and sandstones of the Somerset Street Member, and a Kingaspidoides-Berabichia Association in hummocky cross-stratified sandstones of the Long Island Member that overlie a parasequence boundary at Hanford Brook. Due to the breakdown of biogeographic barriers in the late Early Cambrian, two new species-based zones, the Protolenus elegans and Kingaspidoides cf. obliquoculatus zones, share trilobite genera with the Tissafinian Stage of Morocco. This generic similarity has been the basis for correlation of this upper Lower Cambrian interval on the Avalon continent with the West Gondwanan lowest Middle Cambrian. However, the clear facies control on the occurrence of genera in the Hanford Brook Formation and the presence of an abrupt faunal break and unconformity at the base of the Tissafinian in Morocco makes this correlation questionable. The Hanford Brook Formation may represent a late Early Cambrian interval unknown in Gondwana. Sequence-stratigraphic criteria even raise the possibility that the Protolenus Association is the biofacies equivalent of Callavia broeggeri Zone faunas of the Brigus Formation of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia and Massachusetts.

Early Paleozoic Hyolitha from North America: reexamination of Walcott's and Resser's type specimens

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mark Malinky
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Paleozoic ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Upper Cambrian ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family

Concepts of the family Hyolithidae Nicholson fide Fisher and the genera Hyolithes Eichwald and Orthotheca Novak have been expanded through time to encompass a variety of morphologically dissimilar shells. The Hyolithidae is here considered to include only those hyolithid species which have a rounded (convex) dorsum; slopes on the dorsum are inflated, and the venter may be flat or slightly inflated. Hyolithes encompasses species which possess a low dorsum and a prominent longitudinal sulcus along each edge of the dorsum; the ligula is short and the apertural rim is flared. The emended concept of Orthotheca includes only those species of orthothecid hyoliths which have a subtriangular transverse outline and longitudinal lirae covering the shell on both dorsum and venter.Eighteen species of Hyolithes and one species of Orthotheca from the Appalachian region and Western Interior were reexamined in light of more modern taxonomic concepts and standards of quality for type material. Reexamination of type specimens of H. similis Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Newfoundland, H. whitei Resser from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. billingsi Walcott from the Lower Cambrian of Nevada, H. gallatinensis Resser from the Upper Cambrian of Wyoming, and H. partitus Resser from the Middle Cambrian of Alabama indicates that none of these species represents Hyolithes. Hyolithes similis is here included under the new genus Similotheca, in the new family Similothecidae. Hyolithes whitei is designated as the type species of the new genus Nevadotheca, to which H. billingsi may also belong. Hyolithes gallatinensis is referred to Burithes Missarzhevsky with question, and H. partitus may represent Joachimilites Marek. The type or types of H. attenuatus Walcott, H. cecrops Walcott, H. comptus Howell, H. cowanensis Resser, H. curticei Resser, H. idahoensis Resser, H. prolixus Resser, H. resseri Howell, H. shaleri Walcott, H. terranovicus Walcott, and H. wanneri Resser and Howell lack shells and/or other taxonomically important features such as a complete aperture, rendering the diagnoses of these species incomplete. Their names should only be used for the type specimens until better preserved topotypes become available for study. Morphology of the types of H.? corrugatus Walcott and “Orthotheca” sola Resser does not support placement in the Hyolitha; the affinities of these species are uncertain.

The problematic fossil Triplicatella from the Early Cambrian of Greenland, Canada, and Siberia

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1273-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian B Skovsted ◽  
John S Peel ◽  
Christian J Atkins
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Taxonomic Affinity ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
North East ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Two New Species

The cap-shaped Early Cambrian fossil Triplicatella, previously known only from Australia, is reported from the upper Lower Cambrian of North and North-East Greenland, western Newfoundland, and Siberia. The occurrence of Triplicatella in Laurentia strengthens faunal ties between Laurentia and the Australian margin of Gondwana in late Early Cambrian times and supports hypotheses advocating the close proximity for the two palaeocontinents. Two new species, Triplicatella sinuosa n. sp., and T. peltata n. sp. are described, morphological details of which help elucidate the functional morphology and taxonomic affinity of the group. Three opercular types attributable to Triplicatella are left in open taxonomy. The postulated affinity of Triplicatella to hyoliths is confirmed, although the genus can not be placed within either of the two orders of hyoliths currently recognized.

New well-preserved scleritomes of Chancelloriida from early Cambrian Guanshan Biota, eastern Yunnan, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 955-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Guo-Biao Li ◽  
Paul A. Selden
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
The Body ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Unusual Form ◽  
Guanshan Biota ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA large number of well-preserved chancelloriid scleritomes from the Guanshan biota, early Cambrian of Yunnan, China, are described as a new species,Allonnia tenuisn. sp., and provide solid evidence for the original appearance of these enigmatic animals, based on specimens compacted laterally and top-down. With the assistance of a flexible integument, chancelloriids, especiallyAllonniafrom early and middle Cambrian, may have had the ability to partially or completely expand and contract the body, which might have played an important role in feeding. A new metazoan with single-element spines,Nidelric gaoloufangensisn. sp., is also described. Preservation and affinity are discussed. Detailed comparison of the morphology of the body and spines of this metazoan indicate that it shares many similarities with chancelloriids, of which it may be an unusual form.UUID:http://zoobank.org/2708d95a-1fae-46fc-afea-9707ae97a4d7

Kochiella Poulsen, 1927, and Hadrocephalites new genus (Trilobita: Ptychopariida) from the early Middle Cambrian of western North America

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick A. Sundberg ◽  
Linda B. McCollum
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
Informal Group ◽  
Nomen Dubium

Kochaspids are an informal group of ptychopariid trilobites that were both abundant and widespread in the early Middle Cambrian of North America. Based on the reassociation of pygidia and cranidia of some kochaspids, Kochiella Poulsen, 1927, is redefined and Hadrocephalites n. gen. is proposed. Hadrocephalites includes taxa previously assigned by Rasetti and Palmer to Schistometopus Resser, 1938a. Schistometopus is considered nomen dubium. Representatives of Kochiella and Hadrocephalites from the Pioche Shale and Carrara Formation of Nevada are described, including the new species Kochiella rasettii, K. brevaspis, Hadrocephalites lyndonensis, and H. rhytidodes. Other kochaspids previously assigned to Kochaspis Resser, 1935; Eiffelaspis Chang, 1963; Schistometopus; and Kochiella are discussed and some are reassigned. The type specimens of Kochiella augusta (Walcott, 1886); K. crito (Walcott, 1917b); K. chares (Walcott, 1917a); K. mansfieldi Resser, 1939; K. arenosa Resser, 1939; Hadrocephalites carina (Walcott, 1917b), and H. cecinna (Walcott, 1917b) are re-illustrated.

New Dicerurini from Europe, mostly Sweden (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae, Porricondylinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4559 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
MATHIAS JASCHHOF ◽  
CATRIN JASCHHOF
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
New Information ◽  
Male Morphology ◽  
A New Species

The taxonomy of several genera of the tribe Dicerurini (subfamily Porricondylinae) is revisited, induced by the discovery of 11 new species in Malaise catches of various provenances. The bulk of the specimens interpreted here is of Swedish origin. Species described as new to science are Desertepidosis grytsjoenensis sp. nov. (from Sweden), D. robusta sp. nov. (Sweden), Linnaeomyia pratensis sp. nov. (Czech Republic), Neurepidosis ekdalensis sp. nov. (Sweden), N. emarginata sp. nov. (Sweden, Czech Republic), N. hybrida sp. nov. (Sweden), Tetraneuromyia brevipalpis sp. nov. (Sweden, Slovak Republic), T. discrepans sp. nov. (Sweden), T. errata sp. nov. (Sweden), and T. lapponica sp. nov. (Sweden). A new genus, Gardenforsia gen. nov., is introduced for G. oelandica sp. nov. (Sweden), a new species with regressive male morphology. The generic definitions of Desertepidosis Mamaev & Soyunov, 1989 (including Ubinomyia Mamaev, 1990 syn. nov. as new junior synonym) and Linnaeomyia Jaschhof & Jaschhof, 2015 are revised. A key to males of Desertepidosis is presented. New information on the morphology and geographic distribution is provided for Linnaeomyia hortensis Jaschhof & Jaschhof, 2015; Tetraneuromyia bulbifera Mamaev, 1964; and T. lamellata Spungis, 1987. 

Taxonomy and paleobiogeography of late Bathonian brachiopods from Gebel Engabashi, northern Sinai

2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard R. Feldman ◽  
Vladan J. Radulović ◽  
Adel A. A. Hegab ◽  
Barbara V. Radulović
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Combination ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Great Affinity ◽  
New Material ◽  
Brachiopod Fauna

A brachiopod fauna of late Bathonian age recovered from the Kehailia Formation from Gebel Engabashi in northern Sinai consists of six species (two rhynchonellids and four terebratulids) referred to six genera, of which one genus and two species are new: Globirhynchia sphaerica (Cooper, 1989) new combination, Daghanirhynchia angulocostata Cooper, 1989, Ectyphoria sinaiensis new species, Cooperithyris circularis new genus and species, and new material: Avonothyris species A, and Ptyctothyris species A. The brachiopods described herein comprise a fauna located at the northern part of the Indo–African Faunal Realm within the Jurassic Ethiopian Province. They extend the geographic distribution of those taxa that show great affinity with the Jurassic brachiopod fauna of Saudi Arabia described by Cooper (1989). Differentiation of the endemic faunas that is so characteristic of many of these Ethiopian Province faunas is becoming more well-defined.

The Placentian Series: appearance of the oldest skeletalized faunas in southeastern Newfoundland

1989 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Landing ◽  
Paul Myrow ◽  
Alison P. Benus ◽  
Guy M. Narbonne
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Island Formation ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Small Shelly Fossils ◽  
Body Fossil ◽  
Offshore Muds ◽  
Block Faulting ◽  
Phosphate Deposits ◽  
High Diversity

The lowest Cambrian of Avalon, or Placentian Series, is a relatively thick sequence (1,400 m) in southeastern Newfoundland. A newly proposed body fossil zonation supplements an existing trace fossil zonation of the lower part of the Placentian Series and includes strata to the top of the sub-trilobitic Lower Cambrian.The Sabellidites cambriensis Zone brackets the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary and comprises peritidal and wave-influenced subtidal facies deposited during deepening through the lower part of the Chapel Island Formation. Younger “Ladatheca” cylindrica Zone strata include the deepest facies of the Chapel Island Formation. The base of the overlying Watsonella crosbyi Zone (a post-Nemakit Daldyn and pre-Tommotian equivalent) is significantly diachronous because the diagnostic mollusks were preferentially preserved in pyritiferous offshore muds rather than in coeval nearshore muds. High diversity, upper Watsonella crosbyi Zone faunas (18 species) are limited to peritidal limestones of member 4 and are dominated by calcareous small shelly fossils. A thick interval (ca. 430 m) without body fossils and an important episode of block faulting that led to 750 m of differential erosion preceded deposition of the lower part of the Bonavista Group (=Sunnaginia imbricata Zone, an interval considered to be largely older than the Tommotian). Although much Early Cambrian time may be lost as a result of erosion at Random Formation–Bonavista Group unconformities, many Watsonella crosbyi Zone species reappear in the Sunnaginia imbricata Zone. Shoaling accompanied the immigration event defining the base of the Camenella baltica Zone, and an unconformity following regional offlap marks the top of the Placentian Series.Calcareous, and not phosphatic, composition is most common in earliest Cambrian shelly remains. Little evidence suggests that a global, Precambrian–Cambrian boundary interval “phosphogenic” event either resulted in deposition of local phosphate deposits in the Tethyan region or had a role in the appearance of mineralized skeletons.Twenty metazoans and problematica and an alga are illustrated from the Chapel Island Formation. Bemella? vonbitteri Landing n. sp. and Halkieria stonei Landing n. sp. are described. The monoplacophoran Archaeospira? avalonensis Landing n. sp. has right-and left-handed conchs comparable to those of Archaeospira (=Yangtzespira) from China. Anabarites is the senior generic synonym of Tiksitheca.

The Early Cambrian worm tube Onuphionella from California and Nevada

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip W. Signor ◽  
Mark A. S. Mcmenamin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Modern Genus ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Middle Member

Two new species of worm tubes referable to the genus Onuphionella occur in Lower Cambrian strata in eastern California and western Nevada. Onuphionella durhami n. sp. is found in the Campito Formation (in pre-trilobite strata, in the Fallotaspis and, possibly, the Nevadella Zones) and O. claytonensis n. sp. occurs in the Middle Member of the Poleta Formation (Nevadella Zone). The unusual tubes are armored with an imbricated coat of mica flakes, reminiscent of the modern genus Owenia. The lowest occurrence of Onuphionella in western North America corresponds closely with the lowest occurrence of the genus in the Baltic region, indicating that correlations between the two regions are not greatly in error.

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