The morphology and ultrastructure ofBrevigraptus quadrithecatusn. gen., n. sp. (Diplograptacea), and Its convergence uponDicaulograptus hystrix(Bulman)

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Striking Similarity ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Cortical Tissue ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
The Third ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
South Central

Rhabdosomes ofBrevigraptus quadrithecatusn. gen., n. sp. (Lasiograptinae, Diplograptacea), from the Upper Ordovician Viola Springs Formation of south-central Oklahoma, comprise four fully developed thecae. The sicula and the first two thecae are fully sclerotized. The ultrastructure of the fusellum is unusually dense but is overlaid by a typical diplograptacean bandaged cortex. The third and fourth thecae consist of clathria covered by a cortical sheet. Lacinia are absent. The cortical sheet comprises bandages deposited in a support dominated pattern that matches expectations of the pterobranch model of peridermal secretion. Lists are fusellar derivatives and exhibit traces of fuselli-like growth increments but no continuous fusellum is present. Lists are strongly thickened with cortical tissue. The fabricational pattern employed in list construction reveals the operation of strong historical constraints during the evolutionary reduction of the fusellum.The thecal form and list architecture ofBrevigraptus quadrithecatusare nearly identical to those ofPipiograptus hesperusWhittington.Brevigraptus quadrithecatuspossesses a Pattern G astogeny and exhibits several derived astogenetic features that it shares withP. hesperusandOrthoretiolites hamiWhittington. Both thecal and astogenetic similarities suggest the new taxon is a member of the Lasiograptinae, and is closely allied to the aforementioned species.The thecae ofB. quadrithecatusexhibit striking similarity withDicaulograptus hystrix(Bulman). However, both the details of thecal construction and primordial astogeny differ markedly between these species. The thecal similarities appear to be convergent. Accordingly,D. hystrixis probably not closely allied to the Lasiograptinae.

A new genus and species of groundwater isopod of the family Protojaniridae (Isopoda: Asellota: Gnathostenetroidoidea) from southern Chile

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4966 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-562
Author(s):  
JORGE PÉREZ-SCHULTHEISS ◽  
GEORGE D. F. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
South American ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Apical Lobe ◽  
Antennal Scale ◽  
Freshwater Springs

A new asellotan isopod of the family Protojaniridae Fresi, Idato & Scipione, 1980 is described from freshwater springs in the Osorno province, Los Lagos region, southern Chile. Wiyufiloides osornoensis gen. & sp. n. is the third South American protojanirid species and the first known groundwater isopod in Chile. The new genus and species is principally characterized by the presence of a vestigial antennal scale, a strongly subchelate pereiopod I and the absence of an apical lobe on the protopod of pleopod II. The new taxon is described in detail and figures are given. 

scholarly journals A new species of coralsnake of the genus Calliophis (Squamata: Elapidae) from the west coast of peninsular India

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3437 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC N. SMITH ◽  
HEMANT OGALE ◽  
V. DEEPAK ◽  
VARAD B. GIRI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The State ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Venomous Snake ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dark Pigmentation ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Dark Body

We describe a new species of coralsnake, Calliophis castoe, from western peninsular India. The discovery of this new species comes as a surprise because it is a venomous snake from both lowland and mountainous areas that are accessible and well populated. The new species differs from all other Calliophis, the Tropical Asian coralsnakes, in having unicolored and dark body and tail dorsa, an orange head band, a salmon color to scarlet body and tail underside, four maxillary teeth behind the fang (the highest number, except for some individuals of C. maculiceps) and, in having the prefrontals touching the third supralabial while having both a preocular and a nasal (except for some C. beddomei). Calliophis castoe also differs from all other Indian coralsnakes, with the exception of some Sinomicrurus macclellandi, in having an unpatterned body, no dark pigmentation on the last supralabial, and a wide post-temporal band. We also present mitochondrial DNA sequence differences between the new taxon and C. nigrescens. The new specie is the second species of coralsnake known from the state of Goa (beside C. nigrescens), the third known from Maharashtra (beside C. melanurus and C. nigrescens), and the fifth known from the state of Karnataka (beside C. beddomei, C. bibroni, C. melanurus, and C. nigrescens).

Period and Development of Attached-Rim Vessels in Northeast China

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-78
Author(s):  
Kang Won Oh
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Jilin Province ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Exchange Relationship ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Central ◽  
River Region ◽  
Triangular Area

In the case of attached-rim vessels in Northeast China, the scale of the pottery vessel type was reduced to meet a demand for minimal living of the people at that time due to a way for groups living in low hills of Aohan Qi located in the EastSouth inner Mongolia, and it has emerged from the process of improving the existing double-rimmed deep bowl pottery while focusing on its practicality. Attached-rim vessels that have emerged from Shuiquan Type for the first time spread to regions adjacent to the EastSouth inner Mongolia and the Liaoxi region, attached-rim vessels in the Lioaxi region spread again to the Zhengjiawazi Type located in the midstream of Liao River, and other surrounding areas spread the relevant vessels through the exchange relationship with Zhengjiawazi Type. The attached-rim vessels in Northeast China were distributed only in the Shuiquan Type at the first period(the fifth century B.C.), but in the Zhengjiawazi Type centered in Shenyang at the second period(the fourth century B.C.) as it spread to the triangular area connecting Aohanqi, Kalaqinzuoyi and Ningcheng as well as the Liao River region. At the third stage(the third century B.C.), it became widely distributed mainly in the middle and upper stream regions of Taizi River at Liaoxi and Benxi centered in Chaoyang of Liaoning province and Jilin province, in the middle and upper stream regions from Gou river to Dongliao river, and in the lower and middle stream region of Huifa river). However, at the fourth stage(the first and second centuries B.C.), it was only partially distributed at some sites in the Eastern part of Liaodong and in the South Central of Jilin province, but it finally disappeared.

Phylogenetic overview of flat wasps (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) reveals Elektroepyrinae, a new fossil subfamily

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-283
Author(s):  
WESLEY D. COLOMBO ◽  
EVGENY E. PERKOVSKY ◽  
CELSO O. AZEVEDO
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
Geological Record ◽  
Diverse Families ◽  
The Third ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
The Family

The flat wasps, Bethylidae, are cosmopolitan and one of the most diverse families of Chrysidoidea. Bethylidae have 2,920 described extant species and almost 90 fossil species. The oldest geological record of the family is the Lower Cretaceous, from Lebanese and Spanish ambers and Transbaikalian rock fossils. Here we describe and illustrate one new fossil subfamily of Bethylidae: †Elektroepyrinae subfam. nov. represented by †Elektroepyris Perrichot & Nel from the lowermost Eocene Oise amber (France), which was cladistically assessed against all other eight subfamilies of Bethylidae. The new taxon is easily distinguished from other subfamilies by the forewing venation with the third abscissa of Cu present. Phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly of all subfamilies of Bethylidae, with a matrix with 69 morphological characters and 22 terminal taxa from where †Elektroepyrinae subfam. nov. emerged as independent lineage from all other subfamilies.

An Ordovician Pycnogonid (Sea Spider) with Serially Subdivided ‘Head’ Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Rudkin ◽  
Michael B. Cuggy ◽  
Graham A. Young ◽  
Deborah P. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Complete Fusion ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Group Position ◽  
Late Cambrian ◽  
Sea Spider

The bizarre morphology of living Pycnogonida, known colloquially as sea spiders, has long fueled dissent over their status within the arthropods. Pycnogonids figure prominently in recent analyses of anterior limb homologies and ancestral crown-group euarthropod relationships, with support for the concept of Pycnogonida as sister taxon to Euchelicerata now contested by proponents of a more basal position between Radiodonta and all other arthropods. A challenge to further elucidation of their phylogenetic position is the exceptional rarity and disjunct distribution of pycnogonids in the fossil record, due largely to their fragile unmineralized exoskeletons. New fossil discoveries therefore have the potential to add significantly to knowledge of their evolution, paleoecology, and paleobiogeography. Here we report the first known occurrence of fossil pycnogonids from rocks of Ordovician age, bridging a 65 Myr gap between controversial late Cambrian larval forms and a single documented Silurian specimen. The new taxon,Palaeomarachne granulatan. gen. n. sp., from the Upper Ordovician (ca. 450 Ma) William Lake Konservat-Lagerstätte deposit in Manitoba, Canada, is also the first reported from Laurentia. It is the only record thus far of a fossil sea spider in rocks of demonstrably shallow marine origin. Four incomplete, partially disarticulated molts represent a relatively large, robust animal with a series of five segment-like elements in a ‘head’ region that does not incorporate the first of four preserved limb-bearing trunk segments. This unique pattern may reflect the plesiomorphic condition prior to complete fusion of anterior ‘head’ elements and first trunk segment to form a cephalosoma, as seen in all eupycnogonids.Palaeomarachne granulatais interpreted as occupying a basal stem-group position in the Pycnogonida.

New genus and species of brachypterous planthopper of the tribe Elicini (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Tropiduchidae) from Chile

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4413 (3) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
JUAN F. CAMPODONICO
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Third

Selamorpha variegata gen. et sp. nov. is described from Coquimbo Region, Chile. It is characterized by the body dorsally saddle-shaped, brachypterous, tegmina with moderate reticulation, metope elongate, and terga caudally elevated. The new taxon is the second genus of Elicini in Chile and the third of South America. It was found associated with Calceolaria polifolia Hook. (Calceolariaceae). 

scholarly journals An additional record for the rare Black-Shouldered Opossum Caluromysiops irrupta Sanborn, 1951 (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) in Northwestern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1890
Author(s):  
Ricardo T. Santori ◽  
Diego Astúa ◽  
Marcio Martins
Keyword(s):  
Forest Area ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Central ◽  
Marsupial Species

Caluromysiops irrupta Sanborn, 1951 is a poorly known didelphid marsupial species, currently known from nine localities in south-central and western Amazonia. Only two records of C. irrupta were known from Brazil. Here we report the third record, in Rondônia state, northwestern Brazil. The specimen was sighted in a well-preserved forest area, in the Parque Estadual Guajará Mirim, Guajará Mirim, Rondônia. Although this record does not represent a distribution extension, it represents an additional record for a very poorly known species.

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