The Turbellarian Paravortex Parasitic in Scrobiculariid Bivalves: New Records from South-West England

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
First Record ◽  
Recent Survey ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
South West ◽  
Scrobicularia Plana ◽  
Length Range ◽  
South West England

The rhabdocoele turbellarian Paravortex scrobiculariae (Graff) was first described, but not named, by Villot (1878) who discovered this parasite living in the gut of Abra tennis (Montagu) in Brittany. In naming the species, Graff (1882) did not add to Villot's description. Wahl (1906) erected the genus Paravortex to include this form which he had found in Scrobicularia plana (da Costa) and Venerupis decussata (L.) at Trieste and Naples. The first record of P. scrobiculariae in British waters was supplied by Freeman (1957) who, working at Whitstable, Kent, found 8 specimens in 3 out of a sample of 40 S. plana he examined. No further British record appears to have been made.A recent survey has shown Paravortex to be common and widespread in S. plana inhabiting the estuaries of south-west England. As noted by previous workers, Paravortex can be readily seen through the semi-transparent gut wall of its host on account of its pinkish colour; observation is facilitated if the bivalve is maintained in clean sea water for 3–4 days to allow evacuation of some of the gut contents and is most easily performed during the winter months when gametes are not present in quantity. In this study, counts of the Paravortex were made by removing the gut from the surrounding foot tissues and releasing the Paravortex by cutting the gut longitudinally. From each locality, 20–30 S. plana, all within the length range of 30–50 mm, were examined. Paravortex is viviparous, the newly-hatched young being 120–150 μm long; at this stage they are transparent and are easily overlooked amongst the gut contents; thus counts relate chiefly to adults 0·5–1·5 mm in length.

scholarly journals New records of the rare gastropods Erato voluta and Simnia patula, and first record of Simnia hiscocki from Norway

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Jon-Arne Sneli ◽  
Torkild Bakken
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
First Record ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Coast ◽  
Typical Food ◽  
Live Specimen ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
First Time

<p>New records of rare gastropod species are reported. A live specimen of <em>Erato voluta</em> (Gastropoda: Triviidae), a species considered to have a far more southern distribution, has been found from outside the Trondheimsfjord. The specimen was sampled from a gravel habitat with <em>Modiolus</em> shells at 49–94 m depth, and was found among compound ascidians, its typical food resource. Live specimens of <em>Simnia patula</em> (Caenogastropoda: Ovulidae) have during the later years repeatedly been observed on locations on the coast of central Norway, which is documented by in situ observations. In Egersund on the southwest coast of Norway a specimen of <em>Simnia hiscocki</em> was in March 2017 observed for the first time from Norwegian waters, a species earlier only found on the south-west coast of England. Also this was documented by pictures and in situ observations. The specimen of <em>Simnia hiscocki</em> was for the first time found on the octocoral <em>Swiftia pallida</em>.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in the Burrowing Bivalve Scrobicularia Plana from the Tamar Estuary in Relation to Environmental Levels

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Bryan ◽  
H. Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Macoma Balthica ◽  
Bivalve Mollusc ◽  
Indicator Organism ◽  
Intertidal Sediments ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Tamar Estuary ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
South West ◽  
Scrobicularia Plana ◽  
South West England

The bivalve mollusc Scrobicularia plana (da Costa) is very common in the estuaries of South-West England and lives in permanent burrows in intertidal sediments ranging from soft mud to fairly hard sand and sometimes gravel. Although it obtains some of its food by filtering the overlying water, Scrobicularia is mainly a deposit feeder (Hughes, 1969). In addition to its widespread distribution, Scrobicularia has several features which make it attractive as a possible indicator organism for metallic contamination. It is more tolerant of low salinities than most common estuarine bivalves, usually penetrating farther upstream than Macoma balthica, Mytilus edulis and Cerastoderma edule (Percival, 1929; Spooner & Moore, 1940; Bryan & Hummerstone, 1977). Also, it lives for over ten years, usually attaining a length of 4–5 cm, and its rate of growth can be estimated from rings on the shell (Green, 1957; Hughes, 1970).

The dinoflagellae bloom on the coast of south west England, August-September 1978

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Boalch
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
South Coast ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Fish Kills ◽  
Noctiluca Scintillans ◽  
Scuba Divers ◽  
South West ◽  
South West England

Towards the end of August 1978 SCUBA divers studying a rocky area in Mounts Bay noticed numbers of dead and dying fish and invertebrates in their study area. Their observations were passed on to Dr G. W. Potts (Griffiths, Dennis & Potts, see below, p. 520). Samples of the sea water, which appeared to be very rich in phytoplankton, were taken but unfortunately were too poorly fixed for the identification of naked dinoflagellates. At the same time a number of reports of‘red tides’ and ‘fish kills’ in Mounts Bay were being passed to Mrs Stella Turk of Camborne.During the first 2 weeks of September 1978, high mortalities of intertidal populations of several ‘bait’ species, notably lugworms, were reported to the Plymouth Laboratory by anglers along the south coast of Cornwall. In the same period, abnormally high numbers of the red-band fish, Cepola rubescens, were caught in the trawls of the Laboratory's research vessels (Dr A. J. Southward, personal communication). In addition, some 20–30 specimens of another burrowing species, Amalosoma eddystonense, were taken in several trawls on the Looe Grounds; this was rather surprising since this large echiuran was thought to be rare in the Plymouth area (Dr P. E. Gibbs, personal communication).The author also received reports indicating that the non-photosynthetic but luminescent dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans (Macartney) Ehrenb. was abundant in coastal areas of the western English Channel. This organism is well known for forming slicks varying in colour from orange to blood-red (Le Févre & Grail, 1970; Grail, Le FévreLehoerff & Le Févre, 1971).

scholarly journals New records of two lycaenid butterfly species (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in China, with the description of a new subspecies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sixun Ge ◽  
Zhuoheng Jiang ◽  
Lili Ren ◽  
Shaoji Hu
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
New Records ◽  
First Record ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
West China ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
South West ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lycaenid Butterfly ◽  
First Time

The family Lycaenidae is the second-largest group of butterflies which contains about one third of the known species of Papilionoidea. The genera Tajuria Moore, [1881] and Drupadia Moore, 1884 are both mainly found in the Oriental and Australian realms. In a very recent expedition to south-west China in Xishuangbanna (Yunnan Province), specimens of T. sekii Saito, 2005 and D. scaeva (Hewitson, 1869) were collected for the first time, a new subspecies of the former: T. sekii sisyphus ssp. nov., is described and illustrated and the latter species comprises the first record of the genus Drupadia in China. A new subspecies of T. sekii Saito, 2005, T. sekii sisyphus ssp. nov., is described and illustrated. The species T. sekii Saito, 2005 and D. scaeva (Hewitson, 1869) are first recorded in China and the latter comprises the first record of the genus Drupadia in China. Relevant details are presented for the species.

TBE in United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
South West ◽  
Louping Ill ◽  
The Uk ◽  
North And South ◽  
South West England

Until 2019, TBE was considered only to be an imported disease to the United Kingdom. In that year, evidence became available that the TBEV is likely circulating in the country1,2 and a first “probable case” of TBE originating in the UK was reported.3 In addition to TBEV, louping ill virus (LIV), a member of the TBEV-serocomplex, is also endemic in parts of the UK. Reports of clinical disease caused by LIV in livestock are mainly from Scotland, parts of North and South West England and Wales.4

The immature stages of Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) gladiator Flint 1978 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), with notes on distribution and bionomics

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4358 (2) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
GLEISON ROBSON DESIDÉRIO ◽  
ANA MARIA PES ◽  
NEUSA HAMADA ◽  
JORGE LUIZ NESSIMIAN
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
New Records ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
First Record ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
State Information ◽  
Amazonas State

Immature stages of many Brazilian Smicridea species remains unknown, and efforts to describe all life stages are required. In this paper, the larva and pupa of Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) gladiator Flint 1978, associated with adults through the metamorphotype method, are described and illustrated. In addition, the known distribution of this species is extended in the Brazilian Amazon Basin with new records from Amazonas state and the first record in Pará state. Information about its bionomics is also provided. 

scholarly journals Diocesan Licensing and Medical Practitioners in South-West England, 1660–1780

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Medical Expertise ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Decentralized Trade ◽  
South West ◽  
The Many ◽  
South West England

The licensing of provincial surgeons and physicians in the post-Restoration period has proved an awkward subject for medical historians. It has divided writers between those who regard the possession of a local licence as a mark of professionalism or proficiency, those who see the existence of diocesan licences as a mark of an essentially unregulated and decentralized trade, and those who discount the distinction of licensing in assessing medical expertise availability in a given region. Such a diversity of interpretations has meant that the very descriptors by which practitioners were known to their contemporaries (and are referred to by historians) have become fragmented and difficult to use without a specific context. As David Harley has pointed out in his study of licensed physicians in the north-west of England, “historians often define eighteenth-century physicians as men with medical degrees, thus ignoring … the many licensed physicians throughout the country”. One could similarly draw attention to the inadequacy of the word “surgeon” to cover licensed and unlicensed practitioners, barber-surgeons, Company members in towns, self-taught practitioners using surgical manuals, and procedural specialists whose work came under the umbrella of surgery, such as bonesetters, midwives and phlebotomists. Although such fragmentation of meaning reflects a diversity of practices carried on under the same occupational descriptors in early modern England, the result is an imprecise historical literature in which the importance of licensing, and especially local licensing, is either ignored as a delimiter or viewed as an inaccurate gauge of medical proficiency.

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