scholarly journals Capacity for scaling up nutrition: a focus on pre-service training in West Africa and a Ghanaian case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richmond N. O. Aryeetey ◽  
Amos Laar ◽  
Francis Zotor ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Nutrition Training ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Training Programmes

The 2013 Lancet series on maternal and child nutrition is identified and advocated for improved institutional and human capacity in nutrition towards scaling up nutrition (SUN) in countries with high stunting rates. Of the fifty-four countries with high burden of child undernutrition who have committed to the SUN movement, thirty-six are in Africa. In the present paper, the academic platform of the SUN movement in Ghana presents an overview of nutrition pre-service capacity in West Africa with a focus on Ghana. The present paper is based on the findings of a sub-region-wide assessment of degree programmes in nutrition in West Africa, plus another report on pre-service nutrition capacity in diploma awarding nursing and nutrition programmes in Ghana. Although there is inadequate evidence on pre-service nutrition training in the sub-region, the two reports provide useful evidence for action, including inadequate number and distribution of pre-service nutrition training programmes, low nutrition graduate output, poor quality of the programme curriculum and instruction, and sub-optimal capital investment. The present paper calls for urgent action to improve pre-service nutrition capacity building as a critical step towards SUN in West Africa.

scholarly journals Public health nutrition capacity: assuring the quality of workforce preparation for scaling up nutrition programmes

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2090-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Shrimpton ◽  
Lisanne M du Plessis ◽  
Hélène Delisle ◽  
Sonia Blaney ◽  
Stephen J Atwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Public Health Nutrition ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Nutrition Training ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Hybrid Distance

AbstractObjectiveTo describe why and how capacity-building systems for scaling up nutrition programmes should be constructed in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC).DesignPosition paper with task force recommendations based on literature review and joint experience of global nutrition programmes, public health nutrition (PHN) workforce size, organization, and pre-service and in-service training.SettingThe review is global but the recommendations are made for LMIC scaling up multisectoral nutrition programmes.SubjectsThe multitude of PHN workers, be they in the health, agriculture, education, social welfare, or water and sanitation sector, as well as the community workers who ensure outreach and coverage of nutrition-specific and -sensitive interventions.ResultsOvernutrition and undernutrition problems affect at least half of the global population, especially those in LMIC. Programme guidance exists for undernutrition and overnutrition, and priority for scaling up multisectoral programmes for tackling undernutrition in LMIC is growing. Guidance on how to organize and scale up such programmes is scarce however, and estimates of existing PHN workforce numbers – although poor – suggest they are also inadequate. Pre-service nutrition training for a PHN workforce is mostly clinical and/or food science oriented and in-service nutrition training is largely restricted to infant and young child nutrition.ConclusionsUnless increased priority and funding is given to building capacity for scaling up nutrition programmes in LMIC, maternal and child undernutrition rates are likely to remain high and nutrition-related non-communicable diseases to escalate. A hybrid distance learning model for PHN workforce managers’ in-service training is urgently needed in LMIC.

scholarly journals Role of Training for Specific Skills through Short Courses, Workshops, and In-Service Training

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Osman M. Galal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
Nutrition Training ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Short Courses ◽  
Developed World

In the past, developing countries have faced problems in recruiting and retraining intellectual resources for nutrition education. By now, most developing countries have in place the first of a second-generation cadre of well-educated nutrition scientists who are capable of training nationals in their fields. Many nutrition training programmes are presently run by local personnel. Local cultures and behavioural studies are not always not included in the curriculum, although it is important to include these to enhance the effectiveness of intervention programmes. The need to go beyond descriptive information is evident. The ability to predict changes in malnutrition rates is a skill needed for effective and substantial interventions. Nutritionists from developing countries need to be trained in the basic tools of social science and evaluation research. Developing countries require the cooperation of the developed world to encourage local nutritionists to improve their technological skills. Specific skills can be provided through short courses, workshops, and in-service training. Training also should be coordinated locally, regionally, and nationally. It has been observed that training in nutrition research has not been linked to programme operations. There has been a lack of coordination among nutritionists from the same region, and communities have seldom been involved as partners in training.

scholarly journals ‘FAN the SUN brighter’: Fortifying Africa nutritionally (FAN) – the role of public private partnership in scaling up nutrition (SUN) in West Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-385
Author(s):  
Mawuli Sablah ◽  
Shawn K. Baker ◽  
Jane Badham ◽  
Alfred De Zayas
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Food Fortification ◽  
Private Partnership

The scaling up nutrition (SUN) policy framework requires extensive public–private partnership (PPP). Malnutrition is multi-dimensional and should engage multi-sectoral platforms. The SUN policy however did not fully embrace the dynamics of harnessing PPP. The objectives of the present paper are to highlight the reasons for the apprehension around PPP and illustrate how effective coordination of PPP in West Africa has contributed to implementing large-scale food fortification with micronutrients as a complementary nutrition intervention. The experience of Helen Keller International (HKI) in scaling up food fortification was emphasised with understanding of the factors contributing to indifference by the international community to private sector contribution to SUN. The roles of different stakeholders in a PPP are elucidated and the process linked to who, why and how to engage. The private sector provides direct nutrition services while the public sector creates the enabling environment for the private sector to thrive on social values. Through this approach fortified vegetable oil and wheat flour are now reaching over 70% of the population in West Africa. As a neutral broker HKI coordinated and facilitated dialogue among the different stakeholders. The core competencies of each stakeholder were harnessed and each partner was held accountable. It concludes that multi-sectoral relationship must be transparent, equitable and based on shared mutual interests. The rules and values of PPP offer opportunities for SUN.

Child Undernutrition in the States of India: An Analysis Based on Change in Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure from 2006 to 2016

2021 ◽  
pp. 097226612110103
Author(s):  
J. R. Jith ◽  
Rajshree Bedamatta
Keyword(s):  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Low Weight

Stunting, wasting and underweight—the three traditional indicators of undernourishment among children—provide mutually non-exclusive categories of anthropometric failures: low height for age, low weight for height and low weight for age. Although these indicators are essential for designing specific clinical and child nutrition policy interventions, they fall short of estimating the prevalence of overall anthropometric failure, which provides a sense of the scale of the nutrition problem. This article estimates the alternative, more comprehensive measure Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) for Indian states, based on data from the National Family Health surveys of 2006 and 2016, for children under five years (Ch–U5). The CIAF-based undernutrition estimates show significantly high anthropometric failure levels among Indian children compared to only stunting, wasting and underweight. Based on population projections for Ch–U5, we also show that a sizeable number of states may have seen an increase in child undernutrition between 2006 and 2016. We also correlated CIAF with household wealth index scores and found a positive relationship with children facing no anthropometric failure.

scholarly journals A FIELD STUDY OF THE TRANSACTIONAL MODALITIES OF THE IN-SERVICE TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMMES FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS UNDER RMSA IN MIZORAM

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Zairemmawia Renthlei ◽  
Prof. L N Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Teachers Training ◽  
District Offices

The professional development of teachers is an important aspect of education and the main avenue for the professional development of secondary school teachers is the in-service training programmes organised by the district education offices. This study is an attempt to study the transactional modalities i.e. the manner in which the training programmes are organised by the various district education offices. Training Centres in all eight districts of Mizoram were visited and administrative staff from all the district offices were interviewed. Findings were tabulated and recommendations made for improvement. KEYWORDS: In-service Training Programme, Secondary School Teachers, Training Centres, Transactional Modalities, Challenges, Thrust Areas, Recommendations.

scholarly journals Public health nutrition in Afghanistan: policies, strategies and capacity-building: current scenario and initiatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Sharma ◽  
Homayoun Ludin ◽  
Monika Chauhan ◽  
Sanjay Zodpey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Public Health Nutrition ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
Training Programmes

Background: Afghanistan is grappling with high burden of malnutrition in women and children and a rising burden of noncommunicable diseases. Aims: A narrative review was conducted with the aim of mapping current nutrition policies and capacity development initiatives to assess policy and the institutional environment and identify gaps and opportunities. Methods: A comprehensive, broad based search was conducted, including databases and websites and policy and programme documents. Results: The policy focuses on multisectoral efforts to address nutrition challenges; however; implementation of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions is not delivered uniformly at the community level due to continued conflict situations and geographic inaccessibility, lack of availability of trained human resources and weak institutions. There is limited evidence on the effectiveness of nutrition programmes in Afghanistan. Limited policy provisions are available to address nutrition issues due to the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases, urbanization and changing dietary patterns. The shortage of skilled nutritional professionals is a critical issue. Lack of institutional capacity, educational standards and accreditation mechanism poses major challenges. Ongoing training programmes are fragmented and fail to meet the requirements of a professional nutrition workforce. Conclusion: The findings highlight that well-structured policies and strategies focusing on maternal and child nutrition provide an enabling policy environment to scale up nutrition interventions.Evidence on the implementation of programmes is needed to aid policy recommendations. The lack of an institutional mechanism for professional nutrition education highlights the great need for action in Afghanistan for public health nutrition and education.

Training and competence in cardiovascular imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Kevin Fox ◽  
Marcelo F. Di Carli
Keyword(s):  
European Association ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Cardiovascular Imaging ◽  
Competence Assessment ◽  
Practical Skill ◽  
Future Challenge ◽  
Service Training ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Multimodality Approach

The provision of safe and effective cardiovascular imaging requires a competent trained workforce practising within a quality assured service. Training has evolved and nowadays organized training programmes with objective assessments of competence are the norm across the cardiovascular imaging modalities. The European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) has been instrumental in many of the progressive improvements in training and competence assessment in the last decade. Typically training programmes require acquisition of knowledge, skill, and professionalism assessed by exams, logbooks, and workplace-based assessments. E-learning and simulation are increasingly used as tools to enhance knowledge acquisition and practical skill development. Effective clinical performance, which is the ultimate aim, requires competent individuals to work in a quality assured environment. The future challenge will be to transition from a unimodality model to a multimodality approach.

scholarly journals Manufacturing chemicals with light: any role in the circular economy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2176) ◽  
pp. 20190260
Author(s):  
M. Poliakoff ◽  
M. W. George
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Flow Chemistry ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Organic Photochemistry ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacture

We outline how recent developments in photochemistry can contribute to the realization of the 1912 vision of the pioneering Italian scientist Giacomo Ciamician, namely world-wide chemical-using industry-based chemical plants fuelled solely by the Sun. We then show how a combination of organic photochemistry and flow chemistry could contribute to the circular economy by harnessing the ability of light to provide the energy to promote reactions without the need for some of the added reagents that are necessary in more traditional chemical routes, so-called 'reagentless' chemistry. Photochemistry has a long history but recently it has undergone a renaissance, particularly with the rise in interest in photoredox chemistry. Continuous photoreactors offer a route to scaling up such reactions to a productivity needed for smaller scale pharmaceutical manufacture. We describe some reactor designs from our own laboratory and outline some of their applications. We then relate these to the requirements of the circular economy and the need to conserve the stocks of the less abundant chemical elements. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Science to enable the circular economy'.

scholarly journals University-level nutrition training in West Africa: cost and financing issues

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Sodjinou ◽  
William Bosu ◽  
Nadia Fanou ◽  
Noel Zagre ◽  
Félicité Tchibindat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Nutrition Training ◽  
University Level

scholarly journals The total eclipse of the sun, April 16, 1893. Report and discussion of the observations relating to solar physics

1897 ◽  
Vol 60 (359-367) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Solar Physics ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Total Eclipse

The memoir first gives reports by Mr. Fowler and Mr. Shackleton as to the circumstances under which photographs of the spectra of the eclipsed sun were taken with prismatic cameras in West Africa and Brazil respectively on April 16, 1893.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document