Weight status and dietary fat modulate high density lipoprotein particle function in adolescents: results from a cross-sectional analysis and a randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

Introduction: Alcohol intake is positively associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, however no studies have investigated the association with lipoprotein sub-classes using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that usual daily alcohol intake (volume), beverage type and drinking frequency influence plasma HDL sub-class concentrations as determined by NMR. Methods: Six hundred and ninety volunteers (389 women) aged 40 – 69 years at baseline (1990 –1994) participated in a cross-sectional study using the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, Australia. Measures included self-reported alcohol intake using beverage-specific quantity-frequency questions (volume) and a drinking diary for previous week (frequency). Results: Median alcohol intake was 15.2 g/d (2.7, 32.0) for men and 1.0 g/d (0, 9.6) for women. Alcohol volume was positively associated with total HDL particle concentration in men and women. For men, a 10 g/d increment in alcohol intake increased total HDL particle concentration by 0.62 μmol/L (95% CI: 0.27, 0.98) and small HDL particle concentration by 0.34 μmol/L (0.01, 0.68). For women, total HDL particle concentration increased 1.06 μmol/L (0.60, 1.53) for every 10 g/d increment in alcohol intake. Alcohol volume was positively associated with large HDL particle concentration in premenopausal women [0.67 μmol/L (0.19, 1.15)] and small HDL particle concentration in postmenopausal women [0.82 μmol/L (0.14, 1.51)]. Beer, wine and spirits were all positively associated with total HDL concentration for men. Beer and wine were both positively associated with total HDL concentration for women. Drinking frequency was not associated with total HDL particle concentration or any of its’ sub-classes. Conclusions: Alcohol volume (and not drinking frequency) was positively associated with NMR-determined plasma total HDL particle concentration for men and women. These associations appeared to be regardless of beverage type, although comparison of beverage types was not possible for women. These results suggest that for any given weekly volume of alcohol, the number of drinking days does not influence HDL particle concentration.

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Characterization of high-density lipoprotein binding to guinea pig hepatic membranes: Effects of dietary fat quality and cholesterol feeding

Metabolism ◽

10.1016/0026-0495(91)90162-p ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 127-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Maria Luz Fernandez ◽

Donald J. McNamara

Keyword(s):

Guinea Pig ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Dietary Fat ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

Cholesterol Feeding ◽

Fat Quality ◽

Lipoprotein Binding

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Prevalence and Predictors of Dyslipidemia in Children and Adolescents in Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran

10.32592/ircmj.2021.23.4.222 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Age Groups ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

High Density ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Dyslipidemia, a genetic and multifactorial disorder of lipoprotein metabolism, is defined by elevations in levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C), triglyceride, or some combination thereof, as well as lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents in the Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted as a part of the national project implemented in Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran. The sampling was performed using a multi-stage cluster sampling method on three age groups of girls and boys (6-9, 10-14, and 15-18 years old). Out of the total 1,035 children and adolescents who participated in this study, only 784 participants remained in the study until the end. Data collection was performed using lifestyle questionnaires including Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version. Results: The prevalence of high triglyceride was estimated at 1.4% and 4.2% in 6-9 and 10-18 years old children and adolescents, respectively. The prevalence of high cholesterol, LDL, and HDL was 3.2%, 3.2%, and 25.6%, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the total population of children and adolescents in terms of demographic variables was 64.6% and 57.3% in boys and girls, respectively (P=0.038). Gender and increase in body mass index were significantly associated with dyslipidemia with OR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.01-1.81 and OR=13.781; 95% CI: 3.78- 46.43, respectively. However, after adjustment for other factors, only an increase in BMI was significantly associated with dyslipidemia (OR=16.08; 95% CI: 4.49-57.59). Conclusions: Overweight and obese adolescents had a higher concentration of serum blood triglycerides, compared to other adolescents. Weight control, lifestyle modification, and diet are three ways to reduce lipid disorders in adolescents.

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Blood Triglyceride and High-Density Lipoprotein Levels Are Associated with Plasma Amyloid-β Transport: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-210405 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Shan Wei, ◽

Suhang Shang ◽

Liangjun Dang ◽

Fan Gao ◽

Yao Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Amyloid Β ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Population Based ◽

High Density ◽

Soluble Form ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Hdl ◽

Positive Correlations

Background: Studies have found that blood lipids are associated with plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) levels, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Two Aβ transporters, soluble form of low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein-1 (sLRP1) and soluble receptor of advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), are crucial in peripheral Aβ transport. Objective: The aim was to investigate the effects of lipids on the relationships between plasma Aβ and transporter levels. Methods: This study included 1,436 adults aged 40 to 88 years old. Blood Aβ, sLRP1, sRAGE, and lipid levels were measured. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the relationships between lipids and plasma Aβ, sLRP1, and sRAGE. Results: After adjusting for all possible covariates, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) was positively associated with plasma Aβ 42 and sRAGE (β= 6.158, p = 0.049; β= 121.156, p < 0.001, respectively), while triglyceride (TG) was negatively associated with plasma Aβ 40, Aβ 42, and sRAGE (β= –48.389, p = 0.017; β= –11.142, p = 0.020; β= –147.937, p = 0.003, respectively). Additionally, positive correlations were found between plasma Aβ and sRAGE in the normal TG (Aβ 40: β= 0.034, p = 0.005; Aβ 42: β= 0.010, p = 0.001) and HDL-c groups (Aβ 40: β= 0.023, p = 0.033; Aβ 42: β= 0.008, p = 0.002) but not in the high TG and low HDL-c groups. Conclusion: Abnormal levels of TG and HDL-c are associated with decreased Aβ and sRAGE levels. Positive correlations between plasma Aβ and sRAGE were only found in the normal TG and HDL-c groups but not in the high TG and low HDL-c groups. These results indicated that dyslipidemia contributing to plasma Aβ levels might also be involved in peripheral Aβ clearance.

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