scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Dyslipidemia in Children and Adolescents in Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Dyslipidemia, a genetic and multifactorial disorder of lipoprotein metabolism, is defined by elevations in levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C), triglyceride, or some combination thereof, as well as lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents in the Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted as a part of the national project implemented in Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran. The sampling was performed using a multi-stage cluster sampling method on three age groups of girls and boys (6-9, 10-14, and 15-18 years old). Out of the total 1,035 children and adolescents who participated in this study, only 784 participants remained in the study until the end. Data collection was performed using lifestyle questionnaires including Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version. Results: The prevalence of high triglyceride was estimated at 1.4% and 4.2% in 6-9 and 10-18 years old children and adolescents, respectively. The prevalence of high cholesterol, LDL, and HDL was 3.2%, 3.2%, and 25.6%, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the total population of children and adolescents in terms of demographic variables was 64.6% and 57.3% in boys and girls, respectively (P=0.038). Gender and increase in body mass index were significantly associated with dyslipidemia with OR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.01-1.81 and OR=13.781; 95% CI: 3.78- 46.43, respectively. However, after adjustment for other factors, only an increase in BMI was significantly associated with dyslipidemia (OR=16.08; 95% CI: 4.49-57.59). Conclusions: Overweight and obese adolescents had a higher concentration of serum blood triglycerides, compared to other adolescents. Weight control, lifestyle modification, and diet are three ways to reduce lipid disorders in adolescents.

scholarly journals Dietary, Anthropometric, and Biochemical Determinants of Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol in Free-Living Adults

Cholesterol ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Prado de Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo Minoru Manda ◽  
Gabriel Augusto Torezan ◽  
José Eduardo Corrente ◽  
Roberto Carlos Burini
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Density ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Main Determinants

The level of high-density lipoprotein is thought to be critical in inhibiting lesion formation as well as reducing the lipid load of preexisting atherosclerotic lesions. With the aim of determining the main determinants of plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) in free-living adults, 997 individuals (52.3 ± 10 years, 67% females) were selected for a descriptive cross-sectional study. The used data corresponded to the baseline obtained from participants clinically selected for a lifestyle modification program. Covariables of clinical, anthropometry, food intake, aerobic fitness, and plasma biochemistry were analyzed against plasma HDL-c either as continuous or categorized variables. After adjustments for age, gender, and BMI the excess of abdominal fat along with high carbohydrate-energy intake and altered plasma triglycerides were the stronger predictors of reduced plasma HDL-c. In conclusion lifestyle interventions aiming to normalize abdominal fatness and plasma triglycerides are recommended to restore normal levels of HDL-c in these free-living adults.

“Isolated” Low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vickie M Wilt ◽  
John G Gums
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Review Articles ◽  
Low Hdl

OBJECTIVE: To present information on the function, structure, and importance of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and to evaluate the current literature regarding the controversy of managing patients with an “isolated” low HDL-C concentration. DATA SOURCE: A MEDLINE search was performed (1966–June 1996) to identify English-language clinical and review articles pertaining to HDL-C. Some articles were identified through the bibliography of selected articles. STUDY SELECTION: All articles were considered for possible inclusion in the review. Pertinent information, as judged by the authors, was selected for discussion. DATA EXTRACTION: Important historical lipid studies, recent review articles, and clinical trials involving therapy for HDL-C were evaluated. DATA SYNTHESIS: The structure, function, and measurement of HDL-C and the state of an isolated low HDL-C are discussed for background. Lifestyle modification measures to increase HDL-C, medications to avoid, estrogen replacement, and lipid-altering agents used to raise an isolated low HDL-C are presented. CONCLUSIONS: An isolated low HDL-C concentration poses a risk for coronary heart disease. The management of this state is controversial. The first step in management is in agreement with experts and includes lifestyle modification (e.g., weight reduction, diet, smoking cessation, aerobic exercise). Estrogen replacement therapy and discontinuance of drugs that secondarily lower HDL-C are additional treatment options. The use of lipid-altering agents has been used in some patients. Nicotinic acid appears to be an effective agent for an isolated low HDL-C. A large clinical trial evaluating the effect of treating an isolated low HDL-C for primary and secondary prevention of coronary events is needed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of two homogeneous methods for measuring high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chang Huang ◽  
Jau-Tsuen Kao ◽  
Keh-Sung Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Homogeneous Assays ◽  
Better Than

Abstract We evaluated the performance of two homogeneous assays for quantifying HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and compared them with the phosphotungstic acid (PTA)/MgCl2 assay. Both homogeneous HDL-C assays were precise, having a within-run CV of <1.20% and a between-run CV of <4.07%. The HDL-C values (y) measured by the two homogeneous methods correlated well with those by the PTA/MgCl2 method (x): y = 1.00x + 64.98 mg/L, r = 0.987, Sy|x = 27.99 mg/L (n = 152) for the polyethylene glycol-modified enzymes/α-cyclodextrin sulfate (PEGME) assay (Kyowa), and y = 0.84x + 106.51 mg/L, r = 0.984, Sy|x = 26.10 mg/L (n = 152) for the polyanion–polymer/detergent (PPD) assay (Daiichi). The specificity of the PEGME method seemed better than that of the PPD method, as the PPD method was markedly interfered with by supplemental LDL-C. Addition of 20 g/L triglycerides produced a negative error of ∼18% in both homogeneous assays. Bilirubin and hemoglobin had little influence on the PEGME method; hemoglobin had little effect on the PPD method. Bilirubin, however, markedly decreased the readings by the PPD method. We found the PEGME assay superior to the PPD assay for routine HDL-C testing, because the PPD assay is relatively inaccurate and not specific.

Effects of Smoking on Oral Fat Tolerance and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

1983 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Elkeles ◽  
S. R. Khan ◽  
V. Chowdhury ◽  
M. B. Swallow
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Fatty Meal ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Average Serum

1. Changes in serum triglyceride and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol after a fatty meal have been studied in smokers and non-smokers. 2. Average serum triglyceride during the study was higher in smokers than in non-smokers. 3. In non-smokers there was a rise in the HDL2/HDL3 cholesterol ratio after oral fat, but not in smokers. 4. These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that smoking interferes with the lipolysis of triglyceride rich lipoproteins and the conversion of HDL3 into HDL2.

High-density-lipoprotein cholesterol in heparin-MnCl2 supernates determined with the Dow enzymic method after precipitation of Mn2+ with HCO3-.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
P S Bachorik ◽  
R E Walker ◽  
D G Virgil
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Fresh Plasma

Abstract Manganese interferes with enzymic cholesterol methods. In this study, we enzymically measured high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in heparin-Mn2+ supernates that had been treated with NaHCO3 (91 mmol/L) to precipitate Mn2+, and compared results with those by an automated Liebermann- Burchard method. For untreated supernates of 96 fresh plasma samples, the enzymic values were 10.4% higher than comparison-method values, a bias that declined to +2.3% for treated supernates. For 72 sera promptly frozen and stored after collection, the enzymic values for untreated and treated supernates were, respectively, 6.0% and 0.5% higher than comparison-method values. In all cases, the magnitude of the bias was independent of the concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL-cholesterol. Enzymic HDL-cholesterol measurements in NaHCO3-treated heparin-Mn2+ supernates prepared from four pooled serum controls agreed within 21 mg/L with values established for these pools by the Centers for Disease Control. We conclude that the accuracy of enzymic HDL cholesterol measurements in heparin-Mn2+ supernates in considerably increased by treatment with NaHCO3.

scholarly journals Association of the Monocyte–to–High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio With Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xixiang Tang ◽  
Ying Tan ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Xuemin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Macular Oedema ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Chronic inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an essential contributor to the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The monocyte–to–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) is a novel and simple measure related to inflammatory and oxidative stress status. However, little is known regarding the role of the MHR in evaluating the development of DR.Methods: A total of 771 patients with T2DM and 607 healthy controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. MHR determination and eye examination were performed. The association of MHR with the prevalence of DR in T2DM patients was analyzed.Results: The MHR in patients with DR was significantly higher than that in both non-DR diabetic patients (P < 0.05) and healthy controls (P < 0.01). No significance was observed in the MHR of different DR severity grades. Moreover, the MHR was similar between patients with non-macular oedema and those with macular oedema. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that MHR was independently associated with the prevalence of DR in diabetic patients [odds ratio (OR) = 1.438, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.249–1.655, P < 0.01]. After additional stratification by HbA1c level and diabetic duration, the MHR was still independently associated with the prevalence of DR.Conclusions: Our study suggests that the MHR can be used as a marker to indicate the prevalence of DR in patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC NEUROPATHY AND WITHOUT NEUROPATHY; A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl-1) ◽  
pp. S202-06
Author(s):  
Kanwal Huma ◽  
Khadija Mehbob ◽  
Amir Rashid ◽  
Fatima Fuad ◽  
Muhammad Mamoon Mujahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To compare lipid profile in patients with diabetic neuropathy and without neuropathy. Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at Multidisciplinary Lab-1, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, from Jan 2020 to Sep 2020 in collaboration with Pak-Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. Methodology: Eighty-four subjects were selected and divided into three groups, twenty-eight in each. Group Iincluded diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with peripheral neuropathy, group II included diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without peripheral neuropathy and group III consisted of healthy individuals. Biochemical parameters including total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 22.0. One way ANOVA test was used that followed by post-Hoc Tukey test for group comparison. Results: There was significant difference in triglycerides (p-value 0.001) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(0.003) levels among group I and III. While, between group II and III significant difference of high density lipoprotein cholesterol was present. There was no significant difference between group I and II regarding all lipid profile parameters. Conclusion: There was significant increase of triglycerides levels and decrease of high density lipoproteincholesterol in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy as compared to healthy controls. No significantdifference was observed for all parameters of lipid profile between patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathyand without peripheral neuropathy.

Libyan family with hypercholesterolemia and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2313-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
D S Sheriff ◽  
M el Fakhri ◽  
K Ghwarsha
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Hepatic Lipase ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins

Abstract Genetic deficiencies of cholesteryl ester transport protein (CETP) and hepatic lipase activities have been associated with hyperalpha-lipoproteinemias. Here we present a family of 11 members, of which 9, including the father, mother, 5 sons, and 2 daughters, show a marked increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol alone with low plasma concentrations of triglycerides. Analyses of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity, cholesteryl ester transfer between HDL fractions, hepatic lipase (HL) activity, and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in these cases showed that a decrease in the heparin-releasable HL activity was the possible cause of the marked increase of HDL2 fractions observed in nine of them. Such a defect in HL activity could significantly affect HDL metabolism in particular and lipoprotein metabolism in general. Evidently, a marked increase in serum total cholesterol due to abnormal metabolism of HDL cholesterol, separate from known causes of altered low-density lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism, e.g., a clearance or a receptor defect, is not uncommon. The coordinated action of HL, LCAT, LPL, and CETP may be essential for normal metabolism of plasma lipoproteins.

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