Hydrogen peroxide is the most toxic oxygen species for Onchocerca cervicalis microfilariae

SUMMARYThe toxicity of the active oxygen species hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen to microfilariae (mf) has been studied in vitro, using active oxygen-generating systems and scavengers/inhibitors. Mf viability was monitored by uptake of the radiolabel, [3H]2-deoxy-D-glouse. Hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen, but not superoxide radical or hydroxyl radical, are toxic for mf. Hydrogen peroxide was toxic for mf within 2 h at concentrations as low as 5 ¼, an amount eosinophils have been shown to release in vitro (Weiss et al. 1986). Catalase and thiourea, but not inactivated catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), singlet oxygen scavengers, or hydroxyl radical scavengers, protected mf. Mf have relatively high levels of endogenous SOD but no measurable glutathione peroxidase and low levels of catalase when compared with other parasites (Callahan, Crouch & James, 1988). The low levels of hydrogen peroxide-scavenging enzymes correlate well with mf sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide and the protective effect of exogenous catalase.

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367 Scavenging Capacity of Active Oxygen Species in Blackberry

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.3.455e ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 455E-455

Author(s):

Shiow Y. Wang ◽

Hongjun Jiao

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Singlet Oxygen ◽

Hydroxyl Radicals ◽

Fruit Juice ◽

Active Oxygen Species ◽

Active Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Scavenging Capacity ◽

Β Carotene

The effect of blackberries (Rubus sp.) genotypes on antioxidant activities against superoxide radicals (O2–), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radicals (OH), and singlet oxygen (O,), was evaluated. The results were expressed as percent inhibition of active oxygen species production in the presence of fruit juice. The active oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value referred to the net protection in the presence of fruit juice, and was expressed as micromoles of α-tocopherol, ascorbate, α-tocopherol, and β-carotene equivalents per 10 g of fresh weight for O2–, H2O2, OH, and O2, respectively. Among the different cultivars, juice of Hull' blackberry had the highest oxygen species, superoxide radicals (O2–), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radicals (OH), and singlet oxygen (O2,) scavenging capacity. Different antioxidants have their functional scavenging capacity against active oxygen species. There were interesting and marked differences among the different antioxidants in their abilities to inhibit the different active oxygen species. β-carotene had by far the highest scavenging activity against O2– but had absolutely no effect on H2O2. Ascorbic acid was the best at inhibiting H2O2 free radical activity. For OH, there was a wide range of scavenging capacities with α-tocopherol the highest and ascorbic acid the lowest. Glutathione had higher O2– scavenging capacity compared to the other antioxidants.

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Biological Significance of Active Oxygen Species: In Vitro Studies on Singlet Oxygen-Induced DNA Damage and on the Singlet Oxygen Quenching Ability of Carotenoids, Tocopherols and Thiols

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - Biological Reactive Intermediates IV ◽

10.1007/978-1-4684-5877-0_7 ◽

1991 ◽

pp. 71-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Paolo Di Mascio ◽

Stephan P. Kaiser ◽

Thomas P. A. Devasagayam ◽

Helmut Sies

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Singlet Oxygen ◽

Active Oxygen Species ◽

Biological Significance ◽

Active Oxygen ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Oxygen Quenching ◽

Singlet Oxygen Quenching

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Monooxygenase-like oxidation of hydrocarbons by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by manganese porphyrins and imidazole: selection of the best catalytic system and nature of the active oxygen species

Journal of the American Chemical Society ◽

10.1021/ja00233a023 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 110 (25) ◽

pp. 8462-8470 ◽

Cited By ~ 332

Author(s):

P. Battioni ◽

J. P. Renaud ◽

J. F. Bartoli ◽

M. Reina-Artiles ◽

M. Fort ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Catalytic System ◽

Active Oxygen Species ◽

Active Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Manganese Porphyrins ◽

Oxidation Of Hydrocarbons ◽

Selection Of

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Active oxygen species in the liver of rats submitted to chronic hypobaric hypoxia

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.1993.264.6.c1395 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 264 (6) ◽

pp. C1395-C1400 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

L. E. Costa ◽

S. Llesuy ◽

A. Boveris

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Singlet Oxygen ◽

Active Oxygen Species ◽

Liver Mitochondria ◽

Active Oxygen ◽

Female Rats ◽

H2o2 Production ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

State Concentration

The spontaneous in situ liver chemiluminescence of female rats submitted to 4,400 m (simulated altitude) for 2 mo and of their corresponding controls at sea level was determined as an approach to the measurement of the intracellular steady-state concentrations of singlet oxygen and oxygen free radicals. Spontaneous liver chemiluminescence was decreased by approximately 40% in hypoxic rats, whereas CCl4-induced chemiluminescence was unchanged. Liver mitochondria isolated from hypoxic rats showed a 53% decreased rate of H2O2 production and an increased content of cytochrome b (36%), with normal content of cytochromes c1, c, and a-a3. Superoxide dismutase showed a 26% decrease in activity, whereas catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were not significantly decreased by this extent of hypoxia. Cytochrome P-450 and glutathione contents were unchanged. There were no significant differences in the hydroperoxide-initiated chemiluminescence (an estimation of tissue chain-breaker antioxidants) of homogenates, mitochondria, and microsomes. Results suggest that in chronic hypoxia there is a lower rate of generation of active oxygen species in liver, leading to a decreased steady-state concentration of singlet oxygen.

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Lung edema due to hydrogen peroxide is independent of cyclooxygenase products

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1984.56.4.900 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 900-905 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

O. Burghuber ◽

M. M. Mathias ◽

I. F. McMurtry ◽

J. T. Reeves ◽

N. F. Voelkel

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Glucose Oxidase ◽

Direct Action ◽

Active Oxygen Species ◽

Active Oxygen ◽

Lung Edema ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Edema Formation ◽

Prostaglandin Production ◽

Prostaglandin F2 Alpha

Active oxygen species can cause lung injury. Although a direct action on endothelial cells is proposed, the possibility exists that they might cause injury via mediators. We considered that active oxygen species would stimulate the generation of cyclooxygenase metabolites, which then alter pulmonary vasoreactivity and cause edema. We chemically produced hydrogen peroxide by adding glucose oxidase to a plasma- and cell-free, but beta-D-glucose-containing, solution, which perfused isolated rat lungs. Addition of glucose oxidase to the perfusate caused a marked decrease in pulmonary vasoreactivity, accompanied by an increase in the concentrations of prostacyclin, thromboxane A2, and prostaglandin F2 alpha. Pretreatment with catalase, a specific scavenger of hydrogen peroxide, preserved pulmonary vasoreactivity, inhibited the increase of the concentration of the measured prostaglandins, and prevented edema formation. Indomethacin effectively blocked lung prostaglandin production but neither prevented the decrease in vasoreactivity nor inhibited edema formation. From these data we conclude that hydrogen peroxide impaired pulmonary vasoreactivity and subsequently caused edema. Despite the fact that hydrogen peroxide stimulated lung prostaglandin production, cyclooxygenase-derived products neither caused the decrease in vasoreactivity nor the development of edema.

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