Do different parasite species interact in their effects on host fitness? A case study on parasites of the amphipod Paracalliope fluviatilis

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (9) ◽  
pp. 1176-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. RAUQUE ◽  
R. A. PATERSON ◽  
R. POULIN ◽  
D. M. TOMPKINS
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Population Means ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Coitocaecum Parvum ◽  
Paracalliope Fluviatilis ◽  
Generally True

SUMMARYThere is a gap in our understanding of the relative and interactive effects of different parasite species on the same host population. Here we examine the effects of the acanthocephalan Acanthocephalus galaxii, an unidentified cyclophyllidean cestode, and the trematodes Coitocaecum parvum and Microphallus sp. on several fitness components of the amphipod Paracalliope fluviatilis, using a combination of infection surveys and both survival and behavioural trials. In addition to significant relationships between specific parasites and measures of amphipod survival, maturity, mating success and behaviour, interactions between parasite species with respect to amphipod photophilia were also significant. While infection by either A. galaxii or C. parvum was associated with increased photophilia, such increases were negated by co-infection with Microphallus sp. We hypothesize that this is due to the more subtle manipulative effect of A. galaxii and C. parvum being impaired by Microphallus sp. We conclude that the low frequency at which such double infections occur in our sampled population means that such interactions are unlikely to be important beyond the scale of the host individual. Whether or not this is generally true, implying that parasitological models and theory based on single parasite species studies do generally hold, requires cross-species meta-analytical studies.

scholarly journals A Method for Assessing Threats to the Economic Security of a Region: A Case Study of Public Procurement in Russia

Risks ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Valentina Kravchenko ◽  
Tatiana Kudryavtseva ◽  
Yuriy Kuporov
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Government Procurement ◽  
Security Monitoring ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Monitoring Tools ◽  
Russian Region

The issue of economic security is becoming an increasingly urgent one. The purpose of this article is to develop a method for assessing threats to the economic security of the Russian region. This method is based on step-by-step actions: first of all, choosing an element of the region’s economic security system and collecting its descriptive indicators; then grouping indicators by admittance-process-result categories and building hypotheses about their influence; testing hypotheses using a statistical package and choosing the most significant connections, which can pose a threat to the economic security of the region; thereafter ranking regions by the level of threats and developing further recommendations. The importance of this method is that with the help of grouping regions (territory of a country) based on proposed method, it is possible to develop individual economic security monitoring tools. As a result, the efficiency of that country’s region can be higher. In this work, the proposed method was tested in the framework of public procurement in Russia. A total of 14 indicators of procurement activity were collected for each region of the Russian Federation for the period from 2014 to 2018. Regression models were built on the basis of the grouped indicators. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Estimation was used. As a result of pairwise regression models analysis, we have defined four significant relationships between public procurement indicators. There are positive connections between contracts that require collateral and the percentage of tolerances, between the number of bidders and the number of regular suppliers, between the number of bidders and the average price drop, and between the number of purchases made from a single supplier and the number of contracts concluded without reduction. It was determined that the greatest risks for the system were associated with the connection between competition and budget savings. It was proposed to rank analyzed regions into four groups: ineffective government procurement, effective government procurement, and government procurement that threatens the system of economic security of the region, that is, high competition with low savings and low competition with high savings. Based on these groups, individual economic security monitoring tools can be developed for each region.

Spatiotemporal distributed lag modelling of multiple Plasmodium species in a malaria elimination setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Chawarat Rotejanaprasert ◽  
Duncan Lee ◽  
Nattwut Ekapirat ◽  
Prayuth Sudathip ◽  
Richard J Maude
Keyword(s):  
Data Streams ◽  
Malaria Elimination ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Clinical Malaria ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Multiple Data

In much of the Greater Mekong Sub-region, malaria is now confined to patches and small foci of transmission. Malaria transmission is seasonal with the spatiotemporal patterns being associated with variation in environmental and climatic factors. However, the possible effect at different lag periods between meteorological variables and clinical malaria has not been well studied in the region. Thus, in this study we developed distributed lagged modelling accounting for spatiotemporal excessive zero cases in a malaria elimination setting. A multivariate framework was also extended to incorporate multiple data streams and investigate the spatiotemporal patterns from multiple parasite species via their lagged association with climatic variables. A simulation study was conducted to examine robustness of the methodology and a case study is provided of weekly data of clinical malaria cases at sub-district level in Thailand.

Spatial and temporal turnover of parasite species and parasite-host interactions: a case study with fleas and gamasid mites parasitic on small mammals

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (7) ◽  
pp. 2093-2104
Author(s):  
Boris R. Krasnov ◽  
Natalia P. Korallo-Vinarskaya ◽  
Maxim V. Vinarski ◽  
Irina S. Khokhlova
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Gamasid Mites ◽  
Temporal Turnover

scholarly journals Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic Induction Surveys in Hydrogeological Investigations; Case Study from Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 2322-2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Oryński ◽  
Marta Okoń ◽  
Wojciech Klityński
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Very Low Frequency

An Integrated Acoustic/Microseismic Approach to Monitoring Low Frequency Noise & Vibration — A Case Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Rushforth ◽  
Andy Moorhouse ◽  
Peter Styles
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Industrial Site ◽  
Low Frequency Noise ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Source Determination ◽  
Vibration Problems ◽  
Noise Vibration ◽  
Technique Comparison

It is proposed that low frequency noise/vibration problems are best tackled by a combination of acoustic and microseismic methods, rather than using each method in isolation. A new integrated method was devised and it was demonstrated that ‘the whole is greater than the sum of the parts’. The benefits and versatility of the new method are illustrated with reference to a case study. Unmanned monitoring took place at several houses near to an industrial site, using a multi-channel recording technique. Comparison of various components of the sound and vibration fields in each house was then carried out, which allowed various propagation paths to be distinguished. A range of further signal processing analyses was also employed to aid source determination.

scholarly journals The Influence of Waqf Distribution and Promotion on Community Trust (Case Study: Tabung Wakaf Indonesia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Dina Yustisi Yurista ◽  
Mohammad Noviani Ardi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Community Trust ◽  
Foreign Credit

Waqf is a potential source of funds to overcome social problems, but most poverty reduction programmes rely on foreign credit, especially from the World Bank. In this case, the development of a waqf by a nadzir can be an alternative source of funding in the general economic empowerment, which is supported by society�s trust in waqf institutions. Therefore, this study is conducted to identify the factors that determine public trust and to examine the influence of waqf distribution and promotion on society trust in waqf funds managed by Tabung Wakaf Indonesia. This paper used quantitative methods and utilized primary data through direct surveys with questionnaires were collected and analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The findings reveal that promotion and distribution have significant relationships with society trust. In addition, this study indicates that distribution has the greater impact than promotion on influencing society trust in waqf management. The findings nevertheless give a wide understanding of the concept of public trust and its antecedent in the context of Tabung Wakaf Indonesia.

Rough Sea Deghosting Using Wave Heights Derived from Low Frequency Pressure Recordings - A Case Study

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.O.A. Robertsson ◽  
E. Kragh ◽  
R. Laws ◽  
L. Amundsen ◽  
T. Rösten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Rough Sea

Machine learning-based fracture-hit detection algorithm using LFDAS signal

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 520-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Jin ◽  
Kevin Mendoza ◽  
Baishali Roy ◽  
Darryl G. Buswell
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Fracture Zones ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Distributed Acoustic Sensing ◽  
Probability Of Fracture ◽  
Simple Neural Network

Low-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (LFDAS) signal has been used to detect fracture hits at offset monitor wells during hydraulic fracturing operations. Typically, fracture hits are manually identified, which can be subjective and inefficient. We implemented machine learning-based models using supervised learning techniques in order to identify fracture zones, which demonstrate a high probability of fracture hits automatically. Several features are designed and calculated from LFDAS data to highlight fracture-hit characterizations. A simple neural network model is trained to fit the manually picked fracture hits. The fracture-hit probability, as predicted by the model, agrees well with the manual picks in training, validation, and test data sets. The algorithm was used in a case study of an unconventional reservoir. The results indicate that smaller cluster spacing design creates denser fractures.

A Framework for Semantic Grid in E-Science

2009 ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Diego Liberati
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Organizational Dynamics ◽  
Semantic Grid ◽  
Collaborative Environment ◽  
Cooperative Enterprise ◽  
Open Source Systems ◽  
The Web ◽  
Generally True

A framework is proposed that creates, uses, and communicates information, whose organizational dynamics allows performing a distributed cooperative enterprise in public environments, even over open source systems. The approach assumes the web services as the enacting paradigm possibly over a grid, to formalize interactions as cooperative services on various computational nodes of a network. The illustrated case study shows that some portions, both of processes and of data or knowledge, can be shared in a collaborative environment, which is also more generally true for any kind of either complex or resource demanding (or both) interaction that will benefit any of the approaches.

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