Parasite diversity and microsatellite variability in native and introduced populations of four Neogobius species (Gobiidae)

SUMMARYSpecies introduced into new areas often show a reduction in parasite and genetic diversity associated to the limited number of founding individuals. In this study, we compared microsatellite and parasite diversity in both native (lower Danube) and introduced populations of 4 Ponto-Caspian gobies, including those (1) introduced from within the same river system (middle Danube; Neogobius kessleri and N. melanostomus), and (2) introduced from a different river system (River Vistula; N. fluviatilis and N. gymnotrachelus). Microsatellite data confirmed the lower Danube as a source population for gobies introduced into the middle Danube. Both native and introduced (same river system) populations of N. kessleri and N. melanostomus had comparable parasite species richness and microsatellite diversity, possibly due to multiple and/or continual migration/introduction of new individuals and the acquisition of local parasites. Reduced parasite species richness and microsatellite diversity were observed in introduced (different river system) populations in the Vistula. A low number of colonists found for N. fluviatilis and N. gymnotrachelus in the Vistula potentially resulted in reduced introduction of parasite species. Insufficient adaptation of the introduced host to local parasite fauna, together with introduction into an historically different drainage system, may also have contributed to the reduced parasite fauna.

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Metazoan parasite species richness in Neotropical fishes: hotspots and the geography of biodiversity

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182007002272 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 134 (6) ◽

pp. 865-878 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

J. L. LUQUE ◽

R. POULIN

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Fish Species ◽

Parasite Species ◽

Freshwater Fishes ◽

Parasite Diversity ◽

Parasite Species Richness ◽

Metazoan Parasite ◽

Host Body ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Host Associations

SUMMARYAlthough research on parasite biodiversity has intensified recently, there are signs that parasites remain an underestimated component of total biodiversity in many regions of the planet. To identify geographical hotspots of parasite diversity, we performed qualitative and quantitative analyses of the parasite-host associations in fishes from Latin America and the Caribbean, a region that includes known hotspots of plant and animal biodiversity. The database included 10 904 metazoan parasite-host associations involving 1660 fish species. The number of host species with at least 1 parasite record was less than 10% of the total known fish species in the majority of countries. Associations involving adult endoparasites in actinopterygian fish hosts dominated the database. Across the whole region, no significant difference in parasite species richness was detected between marine and freshwater fishes. As a rule, host body size and study effort (number of studies per fish species) were good predictors of parasite species richness. Some interesting patterns emerged when we included only the regions with highest fish species biodiversity and study effort (Brasil, Mexico and the Caribbean Islands). Independently of differences in study effort or host body sizes, Mexico stands out as a hotspot of parasite diversity for freshwater fishes, as does Brasil for marine fishes. However, among 57 marine fish species common to all 3 regions, populations from the Caribbean consistently harboured more parasite species. These differences may reflect true biological patterns, or regional discrepancies in study effort and local priorities for fish parasitology research.

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Comparison of the endoparasite fauna of Hoplias malabaricus and Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Erythrinidae), sympatric hosts in the eastern Amazon region (Brazil)

Helminthologia ◽

10.2478/helm-2018-0003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 157-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. S. B. Oliveira ◽

L. Lima Corrêa ◽

L. Prestes ◽

L. R. Neves ◽

A. R. P. Brasiliense ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Parasite Species ◽

Condition Factor ◽

River System ◽

Amazon River ◽

Hoplias Malabaricus ◽

Parasite Species Richness ◽

The North ◽

Subsistence Fishing ◽

Hoplerythrinus Unitaeniatus

Summary Hoplias malabaricus and Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus are Erythrinidae family widely distributed in the Amazon River system of great value to both commercial and subsistence fishing for riverine populations. As such, the objective of the present study was to investigate the endoparasite communities of H. malabaricus and H. unitaeniatus of a tributary of the Amazon River in the north of Brazil. The endoparasite communities of H. unitaeniatus and H. malabaricus were taxonomically similar (85%) and consisted of Clinostomum marginatum, Contracaecum sp., Guyanema seriei seriei, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus, Pseudoproleptus sp. and Gorytocephalus spectabilis, although the dominant endoparasite was C. marginatum, which was the most prevalent and abundant. All the specimens of both H. malabaricus and H. unitaeniatus were parasitized, with a total of 1237 helminths collected in the former host and 1151 helminths collected in the latter. Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus possessed greater parasite species richness. Both hosts had an aggregate dispersion of parasites, and the abundance of C. marginatum, Contracaecum sp. and G. spectabilis correlated positively with the weight and length of the hosts. The condition factor was not affected by parasitism, but the abundance of C. marginatum and Contracaecum sp. increased when the condition factor of the hosts decreased. This is the first report of G. seriei seriei for H. malabaricus and Pseudoproleptus sp. for H. unitaeniatus.

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The parasitic fauna of the European bison (Bison bonasus) (Linnaeus, 1758) and their impact on the conservation. Part 2 The structure and changes over time

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.2478/s11686-014-0253-z ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Grzegorz Karbowiak ◽

Aleksander Demiaszkiewicz ◽

Anna Pyziel ◽

Irena Wita ◽

Bożena Moskwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Captive Breeding ◽

Parasite Species ◽

Nematode Species ◽

Parasite Fauna ◽

Trematode Species ◽

European Bison ◽

Bison Bonasus ◽

Parasite Species Richness ◽

Ruminant Species

AbstractDuring the last century the recorded parasite fauna of Bison bonasus includes 88 species. These are 22 species of protozoa, 4 trematode species, 4 cestode species, 43 nematode species, 7 mites, 4 Ixodidae ticks, 1 Mallophaga species, 1 Anoplura, and 2 Hippoboscidae flies. There are few monoxenous parasites, the majority of parasites are typical for other Bovidae and Cervidae species and many are newly acquired from Cervidae. This is an evident increased trend in the parasite species richness, in both the prevalence and intensity of infections, which is associated with the bison population size, host status (captive breeding or free-ranging) and the possibility of contact with other ruminant species. In light of the changes to parasite species richness during the last decades, special emphasis shall be given to new parasite species reported in European bison, their pathogenicity and potential implications for conservation.

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A comparative analysis of parasite species richness of Iberian rodents

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182097001479 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 115 (4) ◽

pp. 453-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

C. FELIU ◽

F. RENAUD ◽

F. CATZEFLIS ◽

J.-P. HUGOT ◽

P. DURAND ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Sample Size ◽

Parasite Species ◽

Spatial Scales ◽

Parasite Fauna ◽

Geographical Range ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Host Group ◽

Parasite Species Richness ◽

Host Phylogeny

Data on parasites of rodents, collected over an 18-year period on the Iberian peninsula, were used to find the determinants of parasite species richness. A total of 77 species of helminth parasites (nematodes, cestodes and digeneans) was identified among 16 species of rodents. Parasites were classified into groups according to their specificity towards their host and their life-cycle. A working phylogeny of the rodents was proposed on the basis of molecular and paleontological data and for each host the following parameters were recorded: sample size, weight, geographical range, longevity, and life-style. Two comparative methods were used, the independent comparisons method of Pagel (1992) and the distance matrix method of Legendre, Lapointe & Casgrain (1995). The second method has the advantage of measuring the relative contribution of phylogeny. Both methods gave similar results. Overall parasite species richness correlated only with host sample size. Host body size does not correlate with any subset of parasite species richness. However, host phylogeny is a good predicator of specific parasites and the species richness of digeneans correlates with host geographical range. A phylogenetic reconstruction of host relations was performed using the parasites belonging to subgroups in which richness is correlated with host phylogeny. These parasite species were treated as Dollo characters, i.e. we made the assumption that the loss of a parasite species is irreversible. The consensus tree obtained reflects the major phylogenetic divisions of the host group. Finally, this study illustrates the relative importance of processes acting at different temporal and spatial scales (evolutionary time and actual geographical range of hosts) in determining the structure of helminth parasite fauna.

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(macro-) Evolutionary ecology of parasite diversity: From determinants of parasite species richness to host diversification

International Journal for Parasitology Parasites and Wildlife ◽

10.1016/j.ijppaw.2015.01.001 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 80-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Serge Morand

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Parasite Species ◽

Evolutionary Ecology ◽

Parasite Diversity ◽

Parasite Species Richness

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Metazoan fauna parasitizing Peckoltia braueri and Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Loricariidae) catfishes from the northeastern Brazilian Amazon

Acta Amazonica ◽

10.1590/1809-4392201603232 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 147-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adriele Carolina Franco CARDOSO ◽

Marcos Sidney Brito OLIVEIRA ◽

Ligia Rigôr NEVES ◽

Marcos TAVARES-DIAS

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Parasite Species ◽

River System ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Parasite Fauna ◽

Shannon Index ◽

The Body ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Northern Brazil

ABSTRACT This study investigated the metazoan parasite fauna in Peckoltia braueri and Pterygoplichthys pardalis from a tributary of the Amazon River system, in northern Brazil. In P. braueri, 630 parasites were collected, belonging to Unilatus unilatus, Nothogyrodactylus sp., Genarchella genarchella, Proteocephalus sp., Gorytocephalus elongorchis, Dolops longicauda and Hirudinea gen. sp., with a dominance of monogenean species. In P. pardalis, 120 parasites were collected, belonging to U. unilatus, Acanthostomum gnerii and Gorytocephalus elongorchis, and this acanthocephalan was the dominant species. In both hosts, the parasites presented clumped distribution, high prevalence, low abundance, low Shannon diversity, and low species richness, with a predominance of helminth species. In P. braueri, host length was positively correlated with parasite species richness and Shannon index. There was no difference in the body condition of parasitized and non-parasitized fishes in either host. This was the first report of these parasites in P. braueri and P. pardalis.

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Comparative Tests of Parasite Species Richness in Primates

The American Naturalist ◽

10.1086/378721 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 162 (5) ◽

pp. 597-614 ◽

Cited By ~ 240

Author(s):

Charles L. Nunn ◽

Sonia Altizer ◽

Kate E. Jones ◽

Wes Sechrest

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Parasite Species ◽

Comparative Tests ◽

Parasite Species Richness

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Community ecology of the metazoan parasites of namorado sandperches, Pseudopercis numida Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 and P. semifasciata Cuvier, 1829 (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae), from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842008000200007 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 269-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

JL. Luque ◽

NN. Felizardo ◽

LER. Tavares

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Parasite Species ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Component Community ◽

New Host ◽

Metazoan Parasites ◽

Parasite Abundance ◽

Parasite Species Richness ◽

Total Length

One hundred and twenty-eight specimens of namorado sandperches, 62 P. numida and 66 P. semifasciata, collected between October 2002 and June 2003 off the Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Lat 23° S and Long 42° W), were examined to study their metazoan parasites. Parasite communities of these fish were composed basically of endoparasites, mainly digenean and cestodes species, with low prevalence and abundance but having high parasite species richness values (at the component community level). Among these values, that found for P. numida is the highest so far recorded for marine fishes from the Neotropical Region. Thirty-nine species of metazoan parasites were collected: 36 from P. numida and 28 from P. semifasciata. Twenty-five parasite species were common to both species of namorado sandperches. Pseudopercis numida and P. semifasciata are new host records for all parasite species collected, with the exception of Microcotyle pseudopercis. Choanodera sp., Leurodera decora, Neolebouria georgenascimentoi, and Proctoeces sp. which were recorded for the first time in the South American Atlantic Ocean. Gnathia sp. from P. numida and Scolex pleuronectis from P. semifasciata were the species having the greatest dominance frequency. Parasite abundance in P. numida and P. semifasciata were positively correlated with the host total length. Only in P. numida was parasite species richness correlated positively with the host total length. No significant differences between endoparasite infracommunities of P. numida and P. semifasciata were detected. The ectoparasites of P. numida had higher values for parasite abundance, parasite richness, Brillouin index, evenness index, and Berger-Parker index than those of the ectoparasites of P. semifasciata. Comparisons among all ecto- and endoparasites showed the ectoparasites of P. numida as the most heterogeneous group. Low similarity values were observed among the three types of parasite infracommunities of the two hosts.

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