A comparative analysis of parasite species richness of Iberian rodents

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. FELIU ◽  
F. RENAUD ◽  
F. CATZEFLIS ◽  
J.-P. HUGOT ◽  
P. DURAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Host Phylogeny

Data on parasites of rodents, collected over an 18-year period on the Iberian peninsula, were used to find the determinants of parasite species richness. A total of 77 species of helminth parasites (nematodes, cestodes and digeneans) was identified among 16 species of rodents. Parasites were classified into groups according to their specificity towards their host and their life-cycle. A working phylogeny of the rodents was proposed on the basis of molecular and paleontological data and for each host the following parameters were recorded: sample size, weight, geographical range, longevity, and life-style. Two comparative methods were used, the independent comparisons method of Pagel (1992) and the distance matrix method of Legendre, Lapointe & Casgrain (1995). The second method has the advantage of measuring the relative contribution of phylogeny. Both methods gave similar results. Overall parasite species richness correlated only with host sample size. Host body size does not correlate with any subset of parasite species richness. However, host phylogeny is a good predicator of specific parasites and the species richness of digeneans correlates with host geographical range. A phylogenetic reconstruction of host relations was performed using the parasites belonging to subgroups in which richness is correlated with host phylogeny. These parasite species were treated as Dollo characters, i.e. we made the assumption that the loss of a parasite species is irreversible. The consensus tree obtained reflects the major phylogenetic divisions of the host group. Finally, this study illustrates the relative importance of processes acting at different temporal and spatial scales (evolutionary time and actual geographical range of hosts) in determining the structure of helminth parasite fauna.

Parasite diversity and microsatellite variability in native and introduced populations of four Neogobius species (Gobiidae)

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (11) ◽  
pp. 1493-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ONDRAČKOVÁ ◽  
A. ŠIMKOVÁ ◽  
K. CIVÁŇOVÁ ◽  
M. VYSKOČILOVÁ ◽  
P. JURAJDA
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
River System ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Parasite Diversity ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Microsatellite Diversity

SUMMARYSpecies introduced into new areas often show a reduction in parasite and genetic diversity associated to the limited number of founding individuals. In this study, we compared microsatellite and parasite diversity in both native (lower Danube) and introduced populations of 4 Ponto-Caspian gobies, including those (1) introduced from within the same river system (middle Danube; Neogobius kessleri and N. melanostomus), and (2) introduced from a different river system (River Vistula; N. fluviatilis and N. gymnotrachelus). Microsatellite data confirmed the lower Danube as a source population for gobies introduced into the middle Danube. Both native and introduced (same river system) populations of N. kessleri and N. melanostomus had comparable parasite species richness and microsatellite diversity, possibly due to multiple and/or continual migration/introduction of new individuals and the acquisition of local parasites. Reduced parasite species richness and microsatellite diversity were observed in introduced (different river system) populations in the Vistula. A low number of colonists found for N. fluviatilis and N. gymnotrachelus in the Vistula potentially resulted in reduced introduction of parasite species. Insufficient adaptation of the introduced host to local parasite fauna, together with introduction into an historically different drainage system, may also have contributed to the reduced parasite fauna.

The parasitic fauna of the European bison (Bison bonasus) (Linnaeus, 1758) and their impact on the conservation. Part 2 The structure and changes over time

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Karbowiak ◽  
Aleksander Demiaszkiewicz ◽  
Anna Pyziel ◽  
Irena Wita ◽  
Bożena Moskwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Bison Bonasus ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Ruminant Species

AbstractDuring the last century the recorded parasite fauna of Bison bonasus includes 88 species. These are 22 species of protozoa, 4 trematode species, 4 cestode species, 43 nematode species, 7 mites, 4 Ixodidae ticks, 1 Mallophaga species, 1 Anoplura, and 2 Hippoboscidae flies. There are few monoxenous parasites, the majority of parasites are typical for other Bovidae and Cervidae species and many are newly acquired from Cervidae. This is an evident increased trend in the parasite species richness, in both the prevalence and intensity of infections, which is associated with the bison population size, host status (captive breeding or free-ranging) and the possibility of contact with other ruminant species. In light of the changes to parasite species richness during the last decades, special emphasis shall be given to new parasite species reported in European bison, their pathogenicity and potential implications for conservation.

scholarly journals Parasite infection and host group size: a meta-analytical review

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
pp. 803-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
JESSE E. H. PATTERSON ◽  
KATHREEN E. RUCKSTUHL
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Parasite Intensity

SUMMARYMany studies have identified various host behavioural and ecological traits that are associated with parasite infection, including host gregariousness. By use of meta-analyses, we investigated to what degree parasite prevalence, intensity and species richness are correlated with group size in gregarious species. We predicted that larger groups would have more parasites and higher parasite species richness. We analysed a total of 70 correlations on parasite prevalence, intensity and species richness across different host group sizes. Parasite intensity and prevalence both increased positively with group size, as expected. No significant relationships were found between host group size and parasite species richness, suggesting that larger groups do not harbour more rare or novel parasite species than smaller groups. We further predicted that the mobility of the host (mobile, sedentary) and the mode of parasite transmission (direct, indirect, mobile) would be important predictors of the effects of group sizes on parasite infection. It was found that group size was positively correlated with the prevalence and intensity of directly and indirectly transmitted parasites. However, a negative relationship was observed between group size and mobile parasite intensity, with larger groups having lower parasite intensities. Further, intensities of parasites did not increase with group size of mobile hosts, suggesting that host mobility may negate parasite infection risk. The implications for the evolution and maintenance of sociality in host species are discussed, and future research directions are highlighted.

Parasite species richness in carnivores: effects of host body mass, latitude, geographical range and population density

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Lindenfors ◽  
Charles L. Nunn ◽  
Kate E. Jones ◽  
Andrew A. Cunningham ◽  
Wes Sechrest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Host Body ◽  
Host Body Mass

Comparative Tests of Parasite Species Richness in Primates

2003 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Nunn ◽  
Sonia Altizer ◽  
Kate E. Jones ◽  
Wes Sechrest
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Parasite Species Richness

Gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the common wallaroo or euro, Osphranter robustus (Gould) (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) from Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Beveridge
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Common ◽  
Specific Species

Abstract The gastrointestinal helminth parasites of 170 common wallaroos or euros, Osphranter robustus (Gould), collected from all mainland states in which the species occurs as well as the Northern Territory, are presented, including previously published data. A total of 65 species of helminths were encountered, including four species of anoplocephalid cestodes found in the bile ducts and small intestine, and 61 species of strongylid nematodes, all but two of which occurring in the stomach, and with the remainder occurring in the terminal ileum, caecum and colon. Among the mainland subspecies of O. robustus, 52 species of helminths were encountered in O. r. robustus, compared with 30 species in O. r. woodwardi and 35 species in O. r. erubescens. Of the parasite species encountered, only 17 were specific to O. robustus, the remaining being shared with sympatric host species. Host-specific species or species occurring in O. robustus at a high prevalence can be classified as follows: widely distributed; restricted to northern Australia; restricted to the northern wallaroo, O. r. woodwardi; found only in the euro, O. r. erubescens; found essentially along the eastern coast of Australia, primarily in O. r. robustus; and species with highly limited regional distributions. The data currently available suggest that the acquisition of a significant number of parasites is due to co-grazing with other macropodids, while subspeciation in wallaroos as well as climatic variables may have influenced the diversification of the parasite fauna.

scholarly journals Community ecology of the metazoan parasites of namorado sandperches, Pseudopercis numida Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 and P. semifasciata Cuvier, 1829 (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae), from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL. Luque ◽  
NN. Felizardo ◽  
LER. Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Component Community ◽  
New Host ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Abundance ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Total Length

One hundred and twenty-eight specimens of namorado sandperches, 62 P. numida and 66 P. semifasciata, collected between October 2002 and June 2003 off the Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Lat 23° S and Long 42° W), were examined to study their metazoan parasites. Parasite communities of these fish were composed basically of endoparasites, mainly digenean and cestodes species, with low prevalence and abundance but having high parasite species richness values (at the component community level). Among these values, that found for P. numida is the highest so far recorded for marine fishes from the Neotropical Region. Thirty-nine species of metazoan parasites were collected: 36 from P. numida and 28 from P. semifasciata. Twenty-five parasite species were common to both species of namorado sandperches. Pseudopercis numida and P. semifasciata are new host records for all parasite species collected, with the exception of Microcotyle pseudopercis. Choanodera sp., Leurodera decora, Neolebouria georgenascimentoi, and Proctoeces sp. which were recorded for the first time in the South American Atlantic Ocean. Gnathia sp. from P. numida and Scolex pleuronectis from P. semifasciata were the species having the greatest dominance frequency. Parasite abundance in P. numida and P. semifasciata were positively correlated with the host total length. Only in P. numida was parasite species richness correlated positively with the host total length. No significant differences between endoparasite infracommunities of P. numida and P. semifasciata were detected. The ectoparasites of P. numida had higher values for parasite abundance, parasite richness, Brillouin index, evenness index, and Berger-Parker index than those of the ectoparasites of P. semifasciata. Comparisons among all ecto- and endoparasites showed the ectoparasites of P. numida as the most heterogeneous group. Low similarity values were observed among the three types of parasite infracommunities of the two hosts.

Estimation of the Endohelminth Parasite Species Richness in Freshwater Fishes From La Mintzita Reservoir, Michoacán, Mexico

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
María de la Luz Romero-Tejeda ◽  
Luis García-Prieto ◽  
Lorena Garrido-Olvera ◽  
Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Parasite Species Richness

The parasite community infecting flounders, Platichthys flesus, in the tidal Thames

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.E.M. El-Darsh ◽  
P.J. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Component Community ◽  
Species List ◽  
Pomphorhynchus Laevis ◽  
Platichthys Flesus ◽  
First Time ◽  
Middle Estuary

The composition of the parasite fauna of the flounder,Platichthys flesus, retrieved from two locations in the tidal Thames is described in detail for the first time. The combined parasite species list of the flounders from Lots Road in the upper tideway and West Thurrock in the middle tideway consisted of one protozoan (Glugea stephani), one monogenean (Gyrodactylussp.), four larval digeneans (Cryptocotyle concava,Timoniella imbutiforme,T. praeterita, andLabratrema minimus), five adult digeneans (Derogenes varicus,Lecithaster gibbosus,Podocotylesp.,Plagioporus varius, andZoogonoides viviparus), one larval cestode (unidentified tetraphyllidean), one or possibly more larval nematodes (unidentified) plus five adult nematodes (Capillariasp.,Cucullanus heterochrous,C. minutus,Contracaecumsp. andGoeziasp.), two acanthocephalans (Pomphorhynchus laevisandAcanthocephalus anguillae), three copepods (Lepeophtheirus pectoralis,Acanthochondriasp. andLernaeocera branchialis), and one mollusc (unidentified glochidia). The overall parasite community of flounders from Lots Road and West Thurrock were compared in terms of species richness and diversity. The parasite community in flounders from the former location in the upper tideway was found to be less diverse than that of its counterpart at West Thurrock in the middle estuary. The component community of Lots Road flounders was dominated by the acanthocephalanPomphorhynchus laevis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document