scholarly journals The role of self-reported impulsivity and reward sensitivity versus neurocognitive measures of disinhibition and decision-making in the prediction of relapse in pathological gamblers

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Goudriaan ◽  
J. Oosterlaan ◽  
E. De Beurs ◽  
W. Van Den Brink
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Neurocognitive Measures ◽  
Prediction Of Relapse

BackgroundDisinhibition and decision-making skills play an important role in theories on the cause and outcome of addictive behaviors such as substance use disorders and pathological gambling. In recent studies, both disinhibition and disadvantageous decision-making strategies, as measured by neurocognitive tests, have been found to influence the course of substance use disorders. Research on factors affecting relapse in pathological gambling is scarce.MethodThis study investigated the effect of both self-reported impulsivity and reward sensitivity, and neurocognitively assessed disinhibition and decision-making under conflicting contingencies, on relapse in a group of 46 pathological gamblers.ResultsLogistic regression analysis indicated that longer duration of the disorder and neurocognitive indicators of disinhibition (Stop Signal Reaction Time) and decision-making (Card Playing Task) were significant predictors of relapse (explaining 53% of the variance in relapse), whereas self-reported impulsivity and reward sensitivity did not significantly predict relapse. Overall classification accuracy was 76%, with a positive classification accuracy of 76% and a negative classification accuracy of 75%.ConclusionsDuration of the disorder and neurocognitive measures of disinhibition and decision-making are powerful predictors of relapse in pathological gambling. The results suggest that endophenotypical neurocognitive characteristics are more promising in the prediction of relapse in pathological gambling than phenotypical personality characteristics. Neurocognitive predictors may be useful to guide treatment planning of follow-up contacts and booster sessions.

scholarly journals Associations between Pathological Gambling and Psychiatric Comorbidity among Help-Seeking Populations in Hong Kong

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T. L. Shek ◽  
Elda M. L. Chan ◽  
Ryan H. Y. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Axis I

Problem gambling is complex and often comorbid with other mental health problems. Unfortunately, gambling studies on comorbid psychiatric disorders among Chinese communities are extremely limited. The objectives of this study were to (a) determine the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among treatment-seeking pathological gamblers; (b) compare the demographic profiles and clinical features of pathological gamblers with and without comorbid psychiatric disorders; (c) explore the associations between pathological gambling and psychiatric disorders and their temporal relationship. Participants (N=201) who sought gambling counseling were examined by making Axis-I diagnoses including mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, substance use disorders, anxiety disorders, and adjustment disorder. Results showed that 63.7% of participants had lifetime comorbid psychiatric disorder. The most common comorbid psychiatric mental disorders were mood disorders, adjustment disorder, and substance use disorders. Pathological gamblers with psychiatric comorbidities were significantly more severe in psychopathology, psychosocial functioning impairment, and gambling problems than those without the disorders.

The Concepts of Rash Impulsiveness and Reward Sensitivity in Substance Use Disorders

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel Boog ◽  
Anna E. Goudriaan ◽  
Ben J.M. van de Wetering ◽  
Hilda Deuss ◽  
Ingmar H.A. Franken
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Reward Sensitivity

Attentional bias in pathological gambling. A review

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 120-120
Author(s):  
E.J.V. Vizcaino ◽  
M.M. Mayor ◽  
I.M. Gras ◽  
G.P. Alfaro ◽  
G.R. Valladolid
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Modified Stroop ◽  
Emotional Dimension ◽  
Dsm Iv

RationalePathological gambling (PG) is a relatively prevalent psychiatric disorder, which is included in the category of Impulse Control Disorders of the DSM-IV TR. It's prevalence is 1%. Dopamine is the main neurotransmitter involved in it. Attentional bias (AB) is a phenomenon whereby attentional channelling is directed toward personally valued stimuli, despite an individual's efforts to ignore them. AB have been previously described in several Substance Use Disorders (SUD) such as alcoholism and cocaine use disorders.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the current evidence of the presence of AB associated to PG.MethodsWe performed a systematic search in PubMed (1980-Present) to identify publications that examined the existence of AB in PG.ResultsTo date, two studies have found the existence of an AB in pathological gamblers. Both studies have been performed using a modified Stroop procedure, and report that gamblers show an automatic interference when naming the color of gambling-related words.ConclusionsPG could be conceptualized as an addictive behavior and we can hypothesize a link between addiction and automaticity. There is a relationship between AB (cognitive dimension) and subjective craving (emotional dimension), so that high levels of craving can be both, a cause of, and a consequence of, an elevation of AB of gambling-related cues. Even so, there is little research in this field to date. Further studies are warranted using new paradigms for the assessment of AB in PG.

CS01-01 - Pathological gambling: impulse controle disorder or addiction?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1767-1767
Author(s):  
W. van den Brink
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Recreational Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Neurobiological Substrates

Gambling is a recreational activity with many participants all over the world. However, some people, especially with certain games, loose control over their gambling behavior resulting in serious problems for the person and his or her environment. The problematic nature and the underlying psychopathology is recognized by the fact that pathological gambling is an existing diagnosis in most psychiatric classification systems. In most of these systems, pathological gambling is categorized under the group of impulse control disorders. However, in DSM5, is likely to become one of the addiction and pathological become a gambling addiction.In this presentation, we discuss the similarities and differences between pathological gambling and substance use disorders in terms of the phenomenology, comorbidity, genetics, temperamental antecedents, neurochemistry, cognitive abnormalities, neurobiological substrates, course and response to psychological and pharmacological treatments. It is concluded that pathological gambling is more similar to substance use disorders than to impulse control disorders and that a move in the classification towards the category of addictions seems to be justified.

scholarly journals Problematic social media use is associated with the evaluation of both risk and ambiguity during decision making

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dar Meshi ◽  
David Freestone ◽  
Ceylan Özdem-Mertens
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Problematic Social Media Use ◽  
Use Of Social Media

AbstractBackground and aimsPeople can engage in excessive, maladaptive use of social media platforms. This problematic social media use mirrors substance use disorders with regard to symptoms and certain behavioral situations. For example, individuals with substance use disorders demonstrate aberrations in risk evaluations during decision making, and initial research on problematic social media use has revealed similar findings. However, these results concerning problematic social media use have been clouded by tasks that involve learning and that lack a clear demarcation between risky and ambiguous decision making. Therefore, we set out to specifically determine the relationship between problematic social media use and decision making under both risk and ambiguity, in the absence of learning.MethodsWe assessed each participant's (N = 90) self-reported level of problematic social media use. We then had them perform the wheel of fortune task, which has participants make choices between a sure option or either a risky or ambiguous gamble. In this way, the task isolates decisions made under risk and ambiguity, and avoids trial-to-trial learning. Results: We found that the greater an individual's problematic social media use, the more often that individual choses high-risk gambles or ambiguous gambles, regardless of the degree of ambiguity.Discussion and conclusionsOur findings indicate that greater problematic social media use is related to a greater affinity for high-risk situations and overall ambiguity. These findings have implications for the field, specifically clarifying and extending the extant literature, as well as providing future avenues for research.

Decision-Making and Prepotent Response Inhibition Functions in Excessive Internet Users

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Lin Sun ◽  
Zu-Ji Chen ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Xiao-Chu Zhang ◽  
Xian-Ming Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Prepotent Response ◽  
Pathological Internet Use

Introduction: Excessive Internet use (EIU), also described as Internet addiction or pathological Internet use, has already become a serious social problem around the world. Some researchers consider EIU as a kind of behavioral addiction. However, there are few experimental studies on the cognitive functions of excessive Internet users (EIUers) and limited data are available to compare EIU with other addictive behaviors, such as drug abuse and pathological gambling.Methods: In this study, we examined EIUers' functions of decision-making and prepotent response inhibition. Two groups of participants, EIUers and controls, were compared on these two functions by using a Gambling Task and a Go/no-go Task, respectively.Results: Compared with controls, EIUers selected significantly less net decks in the Gambling Task (P =.007). Furthermore, the EIUers made progress in selecting strategy, but more slowly than did the control group (EIUers, chunk 3 > chunk 1, P<.001; controls, chunk 2 > chunk P<.001; controls, chunk 2 > chunk 1, P<.001). Interestingly, EIUers' accuracy during the no-go condition was significantly higher than that of controls (P=.018).Conclusion: These results showed some similarities and dissimilarities between EIU and other addictive behaviors such as drug abuse and pathological gambling. The findings from the Gambling Task indicated that EIUers have deficits in decision-making function, which are characterized by a strategy learning lag rather than an inability to learn from task contingencies. EIUers' better performance in the Go/no-go Task suggested some dissociation between mechanisms of decision-making and those of prepotent response inhibition. However, EIUers could hardly suppress their excessive online behaviors in real life. Their ability of inhibition still needs to be further studied with more specific assessments.

scholarly journals Decision Making Impairment: A Shared Vulnerability in Obesity, Gambling Disorder and Substance Use Disorders?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e0163901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Mallorquí-Bagué ◽  
Ana B. Fagundo ◽  
Susana Jimenez-Murcia ◽  
Rafael de la Torre ◽  
Rosa M. Baños ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Gambling Disorder

Substance use relapse associated with Iowa gambling task performances in polysubstance dependent alcoholics

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
B. De Wilde ◽  
B. Sabbe ◽  
W. Hulstijn ◽  
G. Dom
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Neurocognitive Measures

IntroductionPolysubstance dependent alcoholics (PSA) show a high risk of relapse. Decision-making deficits might be predictive of relapse so that high-risk relapse PSA are easily identified and novel more effective treatment interventions can be found.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of decision-making as measured by neurocognitive measures like the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Delay Discounting Task (DDT) on short-term relapse in PSA. The possible confounding effects of personality disorders (PD) are also examined.MethodsForty-one PSA following an inpatient addiction treatment were questioned about their substance use. After two weeks of stable abstinence they performed self-report questionnaires (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale - Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaires) and neurocognitive measures of decision-making (DDT - IGT). Thirty-seven PSA were retrieved three months after treatment completion and questioned about their current substance use. Thirty-one healthy controls (HC) were also asked to perform the self-report questionnaires and neurocognitive measures.ResultsAll PSA showed decision-making deficits in comparison to the HC. Abstinence was associated with better IGT performances, an older age at onset, and a greater likelihood of a cluster C PD.ConclusionIGT performances but not DDT performances are associated with short-term relapse in PSA. It is assumed that the processes involved in the DDT are more important to the initiation of the addiction while the processes involved in the IGT are more important to the maintenance of and the relapse in the addiction.

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