scholarly journals Abnormal cortisol awakening response predicts worse cognitive function in patients with first-episode psychosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aas ◽  
P. Dazzan ◽  
V. Mondelli ◽  
T. Toulopoulou ◽  
A. Reichenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Cortisol Awakening Response ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Visuospatial Abilities ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
History Of

BackgroundCognitive impairment, particularly in memory and executive function, is a core feature of psychosis. Moreover, psychosis is characterized by a more prominent history of stress exposure, and by dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. In turn, stress exposure and abnormal levels of the main HPA axis hormone cortisol are associated with cognitive impairments in a variety of clinical and experimental samples; however, this association has never been examined in first-episode psychosis (FEP).MethodIn this study, 30 FEP patients and 26 controls completed assessment of the HPA axis (cortisol awakening response and cortisol levels during the day), perceived stress, recent life events, history of childhood trauma, and cognitive function. The neuropsychological battery comprised general cognitive function, verbal and non-verbal memory, executive function, perception, visuospatial abilities, processing speed, and general knowledge.ResultsPatients performed significantly worse on all cognitive domains compared to controls. In patients only, a more blunted cortisol awakening response (that is, more abnormal) was associated with a more severe deficit in verbal memory and processing speed. In controls only, higher levels of perceived stress and more recent life events were associated with a worse performance in executive function and perception and visuospatial abilities.ConclusionsThese data support a role for the HPA axis, as measured by cortisol awakening response, in modulating cognitive function in patients with psychosis; however, this association does not seem to be related to the increased exposure to psychosocial stressors described in these patients.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal 5-Year Follow-Up Study of Cognitive Function After First Episode Major Depressive Disorder: Exploring State, Scar and Trait Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eivind Haga Ronold ◽  
Marit Therese Schmid ◽  
Ketil Joachim Oedegaard ◽  
Åsa Hammar
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Initial Episode

Major depression (MDD) is associated with cognitive deficits in processing speed and executive function (EF) following first episode (FE). It is unclear whether deficits are state or trait related. Studies following FE MDD over longer periods are lacking, making it uncertain how cognition and symptoms develop after the initial episode. The present study assessed cognitive function and symptoms 5 years following FE MDD. In addition, the study explored relationships between MDD symptoms, rumination, and cognitive deficits with regards to the trait, state, and scar perspective. Twenty-three participants with previous FE MDD, and 20 matched control participants were compared on Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System measures of processing speed and EF, in a 5-year longitudinal follow-up study. Correlations between current symptoms- and history of MDD, rumination, cognition were investigated. Findings indicated that cognitive deficits persisted with no clear signs of exacerbation after initial episode. Inhibition appeared independent of current and previous symptoms of depression. Processing speed was related to depressive- symptoms and rumination. In conclusion, results indicated persisting, stable deficits in both EFs and processing speed. Findings further suggest that depressive symptoms could be related to deficits in processing speed, indicating state effects. There was limited support for worsening of cognition after initial episode. Some aspects of EF like Inhibition could show persistent deficits independent of depressive symptoms indicating trait effects.

scholarly journals Cortisol awakening response is decreased in patients with first-episode psychosis and increased in healthy controls with a history of severe childhood abuse

2019 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Ciufolini ◽  
Charlotte Gayer-Anderson ◽  
Helen L. Fisher ◽  
Tiago Reis Marques ◽  
Heather Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Cortisol Awakening Response ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
History Of

Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis and Metabolic Abnormalities in First-Episode Psychosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Mondelli ◽  
Carmine Pariante
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals Serum sodium in relation to various domains of cognitive function in the elderly US population

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohyae Lee ◽  
Jin-young Min ◽  
Beom Kim ◽  
Sang-Won Ha ◽  
Jeohng Ho Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Recent evidence suggests that sodium imbalances may be associated with cognitive impairment; however, the association between specific domains of cognition remains unclear. This study examines the association between serum sodium levels and immediate and delayed verbal memory as measured by the CERAD Word Learning Test (CERAD WLT), executive function as measured by the Animal Fluency test (AFT), and sustained attention, working memory, and processing speed as measured by the Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST) in the elderly population of the US aged 60 and older who participated in the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (n = 2,541). Methods Cognitive function tests were performed by trained interviewers and sodium levels were measured using indirect ion selective electrode methodology. Results After adjusting for all covariates, quintiles of CERAD WLT scores showed significant positive associations with log-transformed sodium levels (Immediate recall (IR) β = 4.25 (SE = 1.83, p-value 0.027); Delayed recall (DR) β = 6.54 (SE = 1.82, p-value 0.001)). Compared to normal sodium levels, hyponatremia was significantly associated with lower CERAD WLT-IR (β = -0.34, SE = 0.15, p-value 0.035) and CERAD WLT-DR scores (β -0.48, SE = 0.10, p-value < 0.001) and showed borderline significance with AFT scores (β = = -0.38, SE = 0.19, p-value 0.052). Hypernatremia did not show any significant relationships with cognitive test scores, compared to normal sodium levels. Conclusions Our cross-sectional study showed that lower sodium levels were associated with cognitive change, especially regarding memory and executive function.

scholarly journals Self-harm in first-episode psychosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamlesh Patel ◽  
Rachel Upthegrove
Keyword(s):  
Local Area ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
And Gender

Aims and MethodSuicide in schizophrenia remains frequent. One of the best predictors of suicide, previous self-harm, is increasing in young people. the aim of this case-note review was to investigate the frequency of a history of self-harm for individuals presenting to psychiatric services with a first episode of psychosis in our local area and study their demographic characteristics.ResultsA history of self-harm was found in 32% of the cohort. the predominant method of self-harm was self-laceration. In univariate analyses, age and gender were significant predictors of self-harming behaviour.Clinical ImplicationsThe rate of self-harm among those with first-episode psychosis is high. Efforts to reduce the rate of completed suicide in psychotic illness need to focus on this risk, which often predates contact with psychiatric services. This emphasises again the need for early detection and intervention in psychotic illness.

scholarly journals The Implementation and Review of Cognitive Remediation Training for First Episode Psychosis in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Ian Ming Chong ◽  
Yogeswary Maniam ◽  
Yi Chian Chua ◽  
Charmaine Tang
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Objective: Early intervention in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP) can improve cognitive abilities, with both short- and long-term benefits. In this paper, we describe the implementation and review of cognitive remediation training (CRT) in an Asian FEP population. The outcomes of the training are also evaluated and discussed.Methods: This naturalistic paper describes in detail the real-life implementation and conduct of CRT in an early psychosis intervention service. One hundred and nine patients with FEP underwent a 24-session CRT programme, using Cogpack and Neuropsychological Educational Approach to Remediation. The program is evaluated with pre- and post-CRT assessment scores which included Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. The rates of improvement on these cognitive assessments were evaluated using paired t-tests, with statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05.Results: Of the 109 patients who underwent CRT, a total of 92 (84.4%) completed all 24 sessions. Paired t-tests between pre- and post-CRT assessments scores revealed that participants significantly improved on majority of the measures, including verbal memory, digit sequencing, and symbol coding.Conclusion: As with other cognitive remediation programmes, CRT has shown to improve cognitive functioning in patients with FEP. The results support the use of CRT in an Asian context and may serve as guidance for the implementation of similar training programmes in other Asian early psychosis intervention services.

Cognitive function, social functioning and quality of life in first-episode psychosis: a 1-year longitudinal study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. S107
Author(s):  
M. Okruashvili ◽  
M. Roinishvili ◽  
T. Gamkrelidze ◽  
M.H. Herzog ◽  
E. Ckonia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis

History of offending behavior in first episode psychosis patients: A marker of specific clinical needs and a call for early detection strategies among young offenders

2015 ◽  
Vol 161 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Régis Marion-Veyron ◽  
Martin Lambert ◽  
Sue M. Cotton ◽  
Benno G. Schimmelmann ◽  
Bruno Gravier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Offending Behavior ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Detection Strategies
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