Evidence of diagnostic specificity in the neural correlates of facial affect processing in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of functional imaging studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Delvecchio ◽  
G. Sugranyes ◽  
S. Frangou
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Processing Network ◽  
Affect Processing

BackgroundSchizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) may overlap in etiology and phenomenology but differ with regard to emotional processing. We used facial affect as a probe for emotional processing to determine whether there are diagnosis-related differences between SZ and BD in the function of the underlying neural circuitry.MethodFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies published up to 30 April 2012 investigating facial affect processing in patients with SZ or BD were identified through computerized and manual literature searches. Activation foci from 29 studies encompassing 483 healthy individuals, 268 patients with SZ and 267 patients with BD were subjected to voxel-based quantitative meta-analysis using activation likelihood estimation (ALE).ResultsCompared to healthy individuals, when emotional facial stimuli were contrasted to neutral stimuli, patients with BD showed overactivation within the parahippocampus/amygdala and thalamus and reduced engagement within the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) whereas patients with SZ showed underactivation throughout the entire facial affect processing network and increased activation in visual processing regions within the cuneus. Patients with BD showed greater thalamic engagement compared to patients with SZ; in the reverse comparison, patients with SZ showed greater engagement in posterior associative visual cortices.ConclusionsDuring facial affect processing, patients with BD show overactivation in subcortical regions and underactivation in prefrontal regions of the facial affect processing network, consistent with the notion of reduced emotional regulation. By contrast, overactivation within visual processing regions coupled with reduced engagement of facial affect processing regions points to abnormal visual integration as the core underlying deficit in SZ.

scholarly journals The impact of the Val158Met catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype on neural correlates of sad facial affect processing in patients with bipolar disorder and their relatives

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lelli-Chiesa ◽  
M. J. Kempton ◽  
J. Jogia ◽  
R. Tatarelli ◽  
P. Girardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Affect Processing

BackgroundThe Met allele of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) valine-to-methionine (Val158Met) polymorphism is known to affect dopamine-dependent affective regulation within amygdala–prefrontal cortical (PFC) networks. It is also thought to increase the risk of a number of disorders characterized by affective morbidity including bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders. The disease risk conferred is small, suggesting that this polymorphism represents a modifier locus. Therefore our aim was to investigate how the COMT Val158Met may contribute to phenotypic variation in clinical diagnosis using sad facial affect processing as a probe for its neural action.MethodWe employed functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure activation in the amygdala, ventromedial PFC (vmPFC) and ventrolateral PFC (vlPFC) during sad facial affect processing in family members with BD (n=40), MDD and anxiety disorders (n=22) or no psychiatric diagnosis (n=25) and 50 healthy controls.ResultsIrrespective of clinical phenotype, the Val158 allele was associated with greater amygdala activation and the Met158 allele with greater signal change in the vmPFC and vlPFC. Signal changes in the amygdala and vmPFC were not associated with disease expression. However, in the right vlPFC the Met158 allele was associated with greater activation in all family members with affective morbidity compared with relatives without a psychiatric diagnosis and healthy controls.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the COMT Val158Met polymorphism has a pleiotropic effect within the neural networks subserving emotional processing. Furthermore the Met158 allele further reduces cortical efficiency in the vlPFC in individuals with affective morbidity.

Empirical evidence for a three-level model of emotional contagion, empathy and emotional regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustav Nilsonne ◽  
Johanna Schwarz ◽  
Göran Kecklund ◽  
Predrag Petrovic ◽  
Håkan Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Emotional Contagion ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Emotional Responsiveness ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Empathy For Pain ◽  
Level Model

Background: Emotional contagion, empathy, and emotional regulation are hypothesized to be hierarchically organized functions. Aims: This study aimed to investigate associations between responses in tasks investigating these three functions using both neural representations and ratings. Methods: 86 healthy individuals performed tasks investigating emotional contagion, empathy for pain, and emotional regulation through cognitive reappraisal during functional magnetic resonance imaging.Results: Emotional contagion correlated positively to empathic responding in participants’ ratings. By contrast, rated emotional regulation success correlated negatively to both these measures. Models including brain imaging measures of emotion showed poor fit. Conclusions: Findings are consistent with a hierarchical model of emotional processing in terms of rated emotional contagion and empathy, and suggest that lower emotional regulation capacity is associated with an increased emotional responsiveness at lower (emotional contagion) and higher (empathy) processing levels.

Facial affect recognition deficits in bipolar disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
GLEN E. GETZ ◽  
PAULA K. SHEAR ◽  
STEPHEN M. STRAKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Facial Recognition ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Affect Recognition ◽  
Facial Affect Recognition ◽  
Benton Facial Recognition Test ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BPD), by definition, have problems with emotional regulation. However, it remains uncertain whether these patients are also deficient at processing other people's emotions, particularly while manic. The present study examined the ability of 25 manic bipolar patients and 25 healthy participants on tasks of facial recognition and facial affect recognition at three different presentation durations: 500 ms, 750 ms, and 1000 ms. The groups did not differ in terms of age, education, sex, ethnicity, or estimated IQ. The groups did not differ significantly on either a novel computerized facial recognition task or the Benton Facial Recognition Test. In contrast, the bipolar group performed significantly more poorly than did the comparison group on a novel facial affect labeling task. Although the patient group had slower reaction times on all 3 computerized tasks, the presentation duration did not have an effect on performance in the patients. This study suggests that patients with bipolar disorder are able to recognize faces, but have difficulty processing facial affective cues. (JINS, 2003, 9, 623–632.)

scholarly journals Event-related potential examination of facial affect processing in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Wynn ◽  
C. Jahshan ◽  
L. L. Altshuler ◽  
D. C. Glahn ◽  
M. F. Green
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Affect Processing

BackgroundPatients with bipolar disorder exhibit consistent deficits in facial affect identification at both behavioral and neural levels. However, little is known about which stages of facial affect processing are dysfunctional.MethodEvent-related potentials (ERPs), including amplitude and latency, were used to evaluate two stages of facial affect processing: N170 to examine structural encoding of facial features and N250 to examine decoding of facial features in 57 bipolar disorder patients, 30 schizophrenia patients and 30 healthy controls. Three conditions were administered: participants were asked to identify the emotion of a face, the gender of a face, or whether a building was one or two stories tall.ResultsSchizophrenia patients' emotion identification accuracy was lower than that of bipolar patients and healthy controls. N170 amplitude was significantly smaller in schizophrenia patients compared to bipolar patients and healthy controls, which did not differ from each other. Both patient groups had significantly longer N170 latency compared to healthy controls. For N250, both patient groups showed significantly smaller amplitudes compared with controls, but did not differ from each other. Bipolar patients showed longer N250 latency than healthy controls; patient groups did not differ from each other.ConclusionsBipolar disorder patients have relatively intact structural encoding of faces (N170) but are impaired when decoding facial features for complex judgments about faces (N250 latency and amplitude), such as identifying emotion or gender.

scholarly journals Common default mode network dysfunction across psychopathologies: A neuroimaging meta-analysis of the n-back working memory paradigm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C Farruggia ◽  
Angela R Laird ◽  
Aaron T Mattfeld
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Research Domain

ABSTRACTThe National Institute of Mental Health’s (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) classifies disorders based on shared aspects of behavioral and neurobiological dysfunction. One common behavioral deficit observed in various psychopathologies, namely ADHD, addiction, bipolar disorder, depression, and schizophrenia, is a deficit in working memory performance. However, it is not known to what extent, if any, these disorders share common neurobiological abnormalities that contribute to decrements in performance. The goal of the present study was to examine convergence and divergence of working memory networks across psychopathologies. We used the Activation Likelihood Estimate (ALE) meta-analytic technique to collapse prior data obtained from published studies using the n-back working memory paradigm in individuals with a DSM-criteria diagnosis of the aforementioned disorders. These studies examined areas in the brain that showed increases in activity as a function of working memory-related load compared to a baseline condition, both within subjects and between healthy individuals and those with psychiatric disorder. A meta-analysis of 281 foci covering 81 experiments and 2,629 participants found significant convergence of hyperactivity in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) for DSM-diagnosed individuals compared to healthy controls. Foci from ADHD, addiction, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and major depression studies contributed to the formation of this cluster. These results provide evidence that default-mode intrusion may constitute a shared seed of dysregulation across multiple psychopathologies, ultimately resulting in poorer working memory performance.

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