scholarly journals Association between common early-childhood infection and subsequent depressive symptoms and psychotic experiences in adolescence: a population-based longitudinal birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Anna B. Chaplin ◽  
Peter B. Jones ◽  
Golam M. Khandaker
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Infections ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Childhood Infection ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background Childhood infections are associated with adult psychosis and depression, but studies of psychotic experiences (PEs) and depressive symptoms in childhood, adolescence, and early-adulthood are scarce. Previous studies have typically examined severe infections, but studies of common infections are also scarce. Methods Using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort, we examined associations of the number of infections in childhood from age 1.5 to 7.5 years with depressive symptom scores at age 10, 13, 14, 17, 18, and 19 years, and with PEs at 12 and 18 years. We performed additional analysis using infection burden (‘low’ = 0–4 infections, ‘medium’ = 5–6, ‘high’ = 7–9, or ‘very high’ = 10–22 infections) as the exposure. Results The risk set comprised 11 786 individuals with childhood infection data. Number of childhood infections was associated with depressive symptoms from age 10 (adjusted beta = 0.14; standard error (s.e.) = 0.04; p = <0.01) to 17 years (adjusted beta = 0.17; s.e. = 0.08; p = 0.04), and with PEs at age 12 (suspected/definite PEs: adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.18; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09–1.27). These effect sizes were larger when the exposure was defined as very high infection burden (depressive symptoms age 17: adjusted beta = 0.79; s.e. = 0.29; p = 0.01; suspected/definite PEs at age 12: adjusted OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.25–2.05). Childhood infections were not associated with depressive/psychotic outcomes at age 18 or 19. Conclusions Common early-childhood infections are associated with depressive symptoms up to mid-adolescence and with PEs subsequently in childhood, but not with these outcomes in early-adulthood. These findings require replication including larger samples with outcomes in adulthood.

scholarly journals Association between childhood infection, serum inflammatory markers and intelligence: findings from a population-based prospective birth cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. MACKINNON ◽  
S. ZAMMIT ◽  
G. LEWIS ◽  
P. B. JONES ◽  
G. M. KHANDAKER
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Prospective Birth Cohort

SUMMARYA link between infection, inflammation, neurodevelopment and adult illnesses has been proposed. The objective of this study was to examine the association between infection burden during childhood – a critical period of development for the immune and nervous systems – and subsequent systemic inflammatory markers and general intelligence. In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a prospective birth cohort in England, we examined the association of exposure to infections during childhood, assessed at seven follow-ups between age 1·5 and 7·5 years, with subsequent: (1) serum interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at age 9; (2) intelligence quotient (IQ) at age 8. We also examined the relationship between inflammatory markers and IQ. Very high infection burden (90+ percentile) was associated with higher CRP levels, but this relationship was explained by body mass index (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1·19; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·95–1·50), maternal occupation (adjusted OR 1·23; 95% CI 0·98–1·55) and atopic disorders (adjusted OR 1·24; 95% CI 0·98–1·55). Higher CRP levels were associated with lower IQ; adjusted β = −0·79 (95% CI −1·31 to −0·27); P = 0·003. There was no strong evidence for an association between infection and IQ. The findings indicate that childhood infections do not have an independent, lasting effect on circulating inflammatory marker levels subsequently in childhood; however, elevated inflammatory markers may be harmful for intellectual development/function.

scholarly journals Association of asthma and smoking with lung function impairment in adolescence and early adulthood: the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1900477 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hasan Arshad ◽  
Claire Hodgekiss ◽  
John W. Holloway ◽  
Ramesh Kurukulaaratchy ◽  
Wilfried Karmaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Isle Of Wight

We investigated associations of asthma and smoking with lung function and airway reversibility from childhood to early adulthood.The population-based Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (n=1456) was assessed at birth, and at 1, 2, 4, 10, 18 and 26 years. Asthma was defined as physician diagnosis plus current wheeze and/or treatment. Spirometry was conducted at 10 (n=981), 18 (n=839) and 26 years (n=547). Individuals were subdivided into nonsmokers without asthma, nonsmokers with asthma, smokers without asthma and smokers with asthma, based on asthma and smoking status at 26 years. Their lung function trajectories from 10 to 26 years were examined using longitudinal models.Nonsmokers with asthma had smaller forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEF25–75% (forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of forced vital capacity (FVC)) and FEV1/FVC ratio compared to nonsmokers without asthma at age 10 and 18 years, with differences reduced after bronchodilator (pre-bronchodilator FEV1 at 26 years 3.75 L versus 4.02 L, p<0.001; post-bronchodilator 4.02 L versus 4.16 L, p=0.08). This lung function deficit did not worsen after 18 years. Smokers without asthma had smaller FEF25–75% and FEV1/FVC ratio (but not FEV1) at 26 years compared to nonsmokers without asthma, with the deficit appearing after 18 years and persisting despite bronchodilator response (for FEV1/FVC ratio at 26 years 0.80 versus 0.81, p=0.002; post-bronchodilator 0.83 versus 0.85, p=0.005). Smokers with asthma had worse lung function compared to other groups.Lung function deficits associated with asthma and smoking occur early in life. They are not fully responsive to bronchodilators, indicating a risk for long-term lung health, which highlights the need to institute preventive measures in adolescence and early adult life before irreversible damage occurs.

scholarly journals Effect of multiple risk behaviours in adolescence on educational attainment at age 16 years: a UK birth cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e020182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Wright ◽  
Ruth Kipping ◽  
Matthew Hickman ◽  
Rona Campbell ◽  
Jon Heron
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Multiple Risk

ObjectivesTo explore the association between adolescent multiple risk behaviours (MRBs) and educational attainment.DesignProspective population-based UK birth cohort study.SettingAvon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a UK birth cohort of children born in 1991–1992.ParticipantsData on some or all MRB measures were available for 5401 ALSPAC participants who attended a clinic at age 15 years and/or completed a detailed questionnaire at age 16 years. Multiple imputation was used to account for missing data.Primary outcome measuresCapped General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) score and odds of attaining five or more GCSE examinations at grades A*–C. Both outcome measures come from the National Pupil Database and were linked to the ALSPAC data.ResultsEngagement in MRB was strongly associated with poorer educational attainment. Each additional risk equated to −6.31 (95% CI −7.03 to −5.58, p<0.001) in capped GCSE score, equivalent to a one grade reduction or reduced odds of attaining five or more A*–C grades of 23% (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.81, p<0.001). The average cohort member engaged in 3.24 MRB and therefore have an associated reduction in GCSE score equivalent to three and a half grades in one examination, or reduced odds of attaining five or more A*–C grades of 75%.ConclusionEngagement in adolescent MRB is strongly associated with poorer educational attainment at 16 years. Preventing MRB could improve educational attainment and thereby directly and indirectly improve longer-term health.

scholarly journals Preterm birth reduces the risk of IgE sensitization up to early adulthood: a population‐based birth cohort study

Allergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niki Mitselou ◽  
Niklas Andersson ◽  
Anna Bergström ◽  
Inger Kull ◽  
Antonios Georgelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study

scholarly journals Intrauterine exposure to diabetes and risk of cardiovascular disease in adolescence and early adulthood: a population-based birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (39) ◽  
pp. E1104-E1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laetitia Guillemette ◽  
Brandy Wicklow ◽  
Elizabeth A.C. Sellers ◽  
Allison Dart ◽  
Garry X. Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Intrauterine Exposure

scholarly journals Psychotic experiences predict subsequent loneliness among adolescents: A population-based birth cohort study

2022 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Kaori Endo ◽  
Syudo Yamasaki ◽  
Miharu Nakanishi ◽  
Jordan DeVylder ◽  
Satoshi Usami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Psychotic Experiences

scholarly journals Direct Medical Costs of Constipation From Childhood to Early Adulthood: A Population-based Birth Cohort Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rok Seon Choung ◽  
Nilay D Shah ◽  
Denesh Chitkara ◽  
Megan E Branda ◽  
Miranda A Van Tilburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Direct Medical Costs

scholarly journals Trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms and offspring’s risk behavior in early adolescence: data from the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Beatriz Bozzini ◽  
Jessica Mayumi Maruyama ◽  
Tiago N. Munhoz ◽  
Aluísio J. D. Barros ◽  
Fernando C. Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptoms

Abstract Background This longitudinal study explored the relationship between trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms and offspring’s risk behavior in adolescence contributing to an extremely scarce literature about the impacts of maternal depression trajectories on offspring risk behaviors. Methods We included 3437 11-year-old adolescents from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study. Trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms were constructed using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) from age 3 months to 11 years. We identified five trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms: “low” “moderate low”, “increasing”, “decreasing”, and “chronic high”. The following adolescent outcomes were identified via self-report questionnaire and analyzed as binary outcome –yes/no: involvement in fights and alcohol use at age 11. We used logistic regression models to examine the effects of trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms on offspring’s risk behavior adjusting for potential confounding variable. Results Alcohol use and/or abuse as well as involvement in fights during adolescence, were not significantly associated with any specific trajectory of maternal depressive symptoms neither in the crude nor in the adjusted analyses. Conclusion Alcohol use and involvement in fights at age 11 were not associated with any specific trajectory of maternal depression.

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