Life events and prodromal symptoms in bulimia nervosa

Background. Little is known about the interaction of life events with prodromal symptoms in bulimia nervosa.Methods. A semistructured research interview based on Paykel's Interview for Recent Life Events and on the Clinical Interview for Depression for eliciting prodromal symptoms was administered to 30 patients with bulimia nervosa and 30 healthy control subjects matched for sociodemographic variables.Results. Patients reported significantly more stressful life events than controls. Most of the patients reported prodromal symptoms. Anorexia, low self-esteem, depressed mood, anhedonia, generalized anxiety and irritability were the most common prodromal symptoms.Conclusions. The prodromal phase of bulimia nervosa was found to be characterized by a combination of prodromal symptoms of affective type and stressful life events. Their joint occurrence may increase vulnerability to bulimia nervosa.

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Stressful Life Events and Criminal Homicide

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.2190/whg8-vhbd-1c70-2awd ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 299-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

John A. Humphrey ◽

Stuart Palmer

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Random Sample ◽

Life Events ◽

Early Life ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Stressful Life ◽

Recent Event ◽

Epidemiological Research ◽

Past Event ◽

Research Interview

Stressful life events experienced by a 50 percent random sample of criminal homicide offenders (270) and a 30 percent random sample of nonviolent felonious property offenders (194) incarcerated in North Carolina over a two-year period are analyzed. Dohrenwend et al. Psychiatric Epidemiological Research Interview (PERI) was expanded to include occurrences in childhood and was used to assess the extent of stressful life events. These events were divided into loss and nonloss items; and whether the event occurred in the early life of the offender (past event) or in closer proximity to the crime (recent event). Murderers were divided into primary offenders, those whose victims were family members or close friends; and nonprimary offenders, those who killed strangers or mere acquaintances. The findings show that criminal homicide offenders experienced stressful life events in greater number and more consistently than did nonviolent felons. Further, primary homicide offenders tended to suffer more stressful life events involving loss, although nonprimary offenders experienced more nonloss stress events.

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Stressful life events in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1340699 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 134 (6) ◽

pp. 699-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Vladan R Radosavljević ◽

Slavenka M Janković ◽

Jelena M Marinković

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Work Conditions ◽

Stressful Life ◽

Graves Disease ◽

Overtime Work ◽

Financial Difficulties ◽

Research Interview ◽

Control Study

Radosavljević VR, Janković SM, Marinković JM. Stressful life events in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;134:699–701. ISSN 0804–4643 A case-control study was conducted in order to assess possible relationships between life events and Graves' disease. The study included 100 newly diagnosed patients with Graves' disease and 100 controls matched with respect to sex, age (±2 years) and type of residence (rural, urban). Paykel's Interview for Recent Life Events (a semistructured research interview covering 61 life events) was administered to each subject. In comparison with controls, the patients claimed to have had significantly more life events in the 12 months preceding the diagnosis (p = 0.0001). The following eight life events were significantly more prevalent among patients than controls: change in time spent on work (much overtime work, second job, much less work than usual) (McNemar = 12.04; RR= 7.00;95%CI= 2.35–20.80;p= 0.0001), unemployment for at least 1 month (McNemar = 4.00; RR = 8.00; 95%CI = 1.04–61.39; p = 0.039), arguments with one's superior at work or a coworker (McNemar = 4.50; RR = 3.50; 95%CI = 1.10–11.08; p = 0.031), change in the work conditions (new company division, new chief, large reorganization) (McNemar = 4.26; RR = 4.00; 95%CI = 1.07–14.92; p = 0.035), increased arguments with spouse (McNemar = 6.75; RR = 11.00; 95%CI = 1.82–66.44; p = 0.006), increased arguments with fiancé/fiancée or a steady date (McNemar = 4.00; RR = 8.00; 95%CI = 1.04–61.39; p = 0.039), hospitalization of a family member for serious illness (McNemar = 3.76; RR = 3.25; 95%CI = 1.01–10.68; p = 0.049) and moderate financial difficulties (McNemar = 8.50; RR = 3.25; 95%CI = 1.47–7.16; p = 0.003). Our findings indicate that life events may be a risk factor for Graves' disease. Slavenka Janković, Institute of Epidemiology, Višegradska 26, PO Box 456, 11000 Belgrade, Yugoslavia

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Early Association Factors for Depression Symptoms in Pregnancy: A Comparison between Spanish Women Spontaneously Gestation and with Assisted Reproduction Techniques

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10235672 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (23) ◽

pp. 5672

Author(s):

David Ramiro-Cortijo ◽

Cristina Soto-Balbuena ◽

María F. Rodríguez-Muñoz

Keyword(s):

Life Events ◽

Assisted Reproduction ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Partner Support ◽

Stressful Life ◽

P Value ◽

Psychological Variables ◽

Assisted Reproduction Techniques

Women with assisted reproduction techniques (ART) have a different psychological profile than women with a spontaneous pregnancy. These differences may put the former group at higher risk for depressive symptomatology. Our aim was to determine what sociodemographic factors and psychological variables interact with early depressive symptoms in pregnant women with ART. This is a cross-sectional, non-interventional, and observational study where a total of 324 women were analyzed in the first trimester of pregnancy at the Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (Spain). Women completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale, the Resilience inventory, the General concerns (ad hoc scale), the Stressful life events, and the prenatal version of Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R), including socioeconomic status, pregnancy intendedness, self-esteem, partner support, family support, friends support, marital satisfaction, and life stress. According to our models, women undergoing ART had significantly increased the PHQ-9 scores (β = 6.75 ± 0.74; p-value < 0.001). Being single also increased the PHQ-9 score. Related to the psychological variables, anxiety (β = 0.43 ± 0.06; p-value < 0.001) and stressful life events (β = 0.17 ± 0.06; p-value = 0.003) increased PHQ-9 scores. In contrast, resilience (β = −0.05 ± 0.02; p-value = 0.004), self-esteem (β = −1.21 ± 0.61; p-value = 0.048), and partner support (β = −1.50 ± 0.60; p-value = 0.013) decreased PHQ-9 scores. We concluded that women undergoing ART need interventions to reduce anxiety and stressful life events, and to improve resilience, self-esteem, and emotional partner support to prevent depressive symptomatology during this important phase in their lives.

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