scholarly journals 14C Variations During the Upper Pleistocene

Radiocarbon ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Vogel

Parallel determinations of 14C and ionium dates on a stalagmite from the Cango Caves provide evidence of variations in the 14C content of the atmosphere beyond the range of the California tree-ring sequence. During the Holocene growth period the 230Th dates are compatible with the tree-ring calibrated 14C dates. At 18,000 BP and between 30,000 and 40,000 BP the 14C ages are markedly younger than the 230Th ages, suggesting that the 14C level of the atmosphere was considerably higher at these times. Between the 230Th ages of 35,000 and 29,000 BP the 14C ages remain nearly constant at 29,500 BP, indicating that 14C production must have been drastically reduced during this period. The 14C fluctuation is greater than that predicted by Barbetti (1980) but it may be explained by postulating a substantial increase in the geomagnetic dipole field, for which there is mounting evidence.

Antiquity ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (301) ◽  
pp. 579-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Huysecom ◽  
S. Ozainne ◽  
F. Raeli ◽  
A. Ballouche ◽  
M. Rasse ◽  
...  

The area of Ounjougou consists of a series of gullies cut through Upper Pleistocene and Holocene formations on the Dogon Plateau in the Sahel at the south edge of the Sahara Desert. Here the authors have chronicled a stratified sequence of human occupation from the tenth to the second millennium BC, recording natural and anthropogenic strata containing artefacts and micro- and macro- palaeoecological remains, mostly in an excellent state of preservation. They present a first synthesis of the archaeological and environmental sequence for the Holocene period, define five main occupation phases for Ounjougou, and attempt to place them within the context of West African prehistory.


1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. McGinnis ◽  
M. D. Thompson ◽  
G. J. Kuecher ◽  
P. L. Wilkey ◽  
H. R. Isaacson

Author(s):  
António Ferreira Soares

Pliocene and Quaternary Units in the Lower Mondego (Portugal) — The analysis of the relations betweenthe quaternary deposits in the Baixo Mondego, as well as their individualisation from others considered asPliocene, still suffer from insufficient reference marks necessary to guarantee equivalencies. The limitis now considered to be in the concert of the Cruz de Morouços Complex, where the Antanhol Formation(= Barracão Group, Upper Pliocene) and the Espírito Santo Conglomerate, equivalent to the GordosConglomerate (Lower Pleistocene), succeed to each other. From the Pleistocene assemblage andbeside the deposits directly associated to the evolution of Mondego (Ameal-Santo Varão and Tentugal-Gabrielos deposits), the deposits revealing upper littoral environments stand out, as the ArazedeSandstone, the Quiaios Sandstone, others deposits directly related with the Cabo Mondego morphogenesis,the Farol Deposits, fossiliferous and possibly from the Lower to Middle Pleistocene and theMurtinheira Deposits from the Upper Pleistocene. In turn the Condeixa Tuffs, with an accommodationspace of 24 Km2 , show an ordered succession of facies (Conglomerates — Cg; yellow mud — Pa, tuffs— Ta and Tc; grey mud with Lymnea — Pc) and an extended age from the Pleistocene (with Elephasantiquus and Hippopotamus incognitus in the base) possibly around the 400 Ka, to the Holocene (faciesPc with roman archaeological remains).


Author(s):  
Rodolfo José ANGULO ◽  
Maria Cristina De SOUZA

A geologia de superfície da região costeira, entre o Rio Saí-Guaçu e a Baía de São Francisco, litoral norte de Santa Catarina, é constituída por rochas do embasamento cristalino Pré-Cambriano e pela cobertura sedimentar do Cenozóico. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um novo mapa geológico dessa cobertura, na escala 1:50.000, com ênfase na planície costeira. Na área, foram identificadas as seguintes unidades: Fm. Mina Velha do Mioceno Inferior; colúvios, leques aluviais e depósitos fluviais, do Quaternário indiferenciado; terraços costeiros do Pleistoceno Superior (120.000 anos A.P.) e do Holoceno (< 7.000 anos A.P.); planícies paleoestuarinas do Holoceno; dunas, praias e mangues atuais. A distribuição em superfície e subsuperfície e o empilhamento das fácies dos depósitos costeiros permitem compreender alguns aspectos da evolução geológica e paleogeográfica da área durante o Quaternário. A ocorrência de extensos terraços do Pleistoceno e Holoceno, a presença de paleolagunas na retaguarda dos terraços e a ocorrência de sedimentos argilosos lagunares sob os terraços permitem inferir que, durante os ciclos transgressivos regressivos do Pleistoceno superior e Holoceno, existiram na região barreiras transgressivas e regressivas. A extensão das planícies paleoestuarinas indica que durante o máximo transgressivo do Holoceno existiam grandes estuários e lagunas. A morfologia dos cordões litorâneos evidencia que no Holoceno houve a formação de esporões paralelos à costa, que teriam crescido para o norte sob o efeito da deriva litorânea predominante. O crescimento desses esporões teria desviado a desembocadura do Rio Saí-Mirim para o norte. Durante essa migração, o rio erodiu a parte interna desses esporões e, provavelmente, as barreiras transgressivas do Holoceno. GEOLOGICAL MAP OF THE COASTAL PLAIN BETWEEN THE SAÍ-GUAÇU RIVER AND SÃO FRANCISCO BAY, NORTHERN COAST OF THE STATE OF SANTA CATARINA Abstract The studied area is located in the northeastern area of the State of Santa Catarina between 25o57' S and 26o14' S. The surface geology of the area is composed by rocks from the Precambrian basement and from the Cenozoic sedimentary cover. In conventional geological maps, the Cenozoic sedimentary package appears as an undifferentiated unit (e.g. Siga Jr. et al. 1993). Martin et al. (1988) presented the first map of the coastal Quaternary of the State of Santa Catarina, in 1:200,000 scale. Later, Horn Filho (1997) presented a map, in the scale 1:50,000, of the São Francisco do Sul region. The objective of this study is to present a new geological map, in the scale 1:50,000, of the coastal plain between the Saí-Guaçu River and the São Francisco Bay. In the studied area the following Cenozoic age units were identified: Mina Velha Formation, probably of Lower Miocene; colluvium and alluvial fans of undifferentiated Quaternary; fluvial deposits of undifferentiated Quaternary; Upper Pleistocene coastal terraces (120,000 years B.P.); Holocene coastal terraces (< 7,000 years B.P.); Holocene paleoestuarine plains; dunes; beaches and mangroves. The distribution on the surface and subsurface and the layers of facies of the coastal deposits allow an understanding of some aspects of the geological and paleogeographical evolution of the area during the Quaternary. There are extensive Pleistocene and Holocene terraces, the presence of paleolagoons on the terrace backs and also fine lagoon sediments below the terraces makes one infer that during the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene there were transgressive barrier and regressive beach/foredune ridges in the region, similar to those described by Lessa et al. (2000) in the State of Paraná. The extension of the paleoestuarine plains indicates that during the Holocene transgressive maximum there were large estuaries and lagoons. The morphology of the beach/foredune ridges provides evidence that in the Holocene spits parallel to the coast foreland that would have grown northward due to the effect of the dominant littoral drift. The growth of these spits caused the migration of the inlet of Saí-Mirim River more than 6 km northward throughout the last 5,000 years. During this migration the river eroded the internal part of these spits and the Holocene transgressive barriers.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaojin Rong ◽  
Yong Wei ◽  
Wenyao Xu ◽  
Dali Kong ◽  
Jun Cui ◽  
...  

&lt;p&gt;A quick and effective technique is developed to diagnose the geomagnetic dipole field based on an unstrained single circular current loop model. In comparsion with previous studies, this technique is able to separate and solve the loop parameters successively. With this technique, one can search the optimum full loop parameters quickly, including the location of loop center, the loop orientation, the loop radius, and the electric current carried by the loop, which can roughly indicate the locations, sizes, orientations of the interior current sources. The technique tests and applications demonstrate that this technique is effective and applicable. This technique could be applied widely in the fields of geomagnetism, planetary magnetism and palaeomagnetism. The further applications and constrains are discussed and cautioned.&lt;/p&gt;


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