Tree-Ring Dating and AMS Wiggle-Matching of Wooden Statues at Neunggasa Temple in South Korea

This paper reports the results of tree-ring dating and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) wiggle-matching for wooden Buddhist statues stored at the Eungjindang Hall of Neunggasa Temple, South Korea. Among 23 statues, 10 were successfully dated by tree rings. The cutting date of logs used for the statues was determined as some time between late fall 1684 and early spring 1685 when the bark ring (AD 1684) completed latewood formation. The 95.4% confidence interval of a radiocarbon date (cal AD 1688–1713, 2 σ), which was obtained by wiggle-matching 7 samples of a statue, is similar to the dendro-date (AD 1684). A historical document recorded that the statues in the Eungjindang of Neunggasa were dedicated in July 1685. The dendro-date and written record indicate that Eungjindang statues were made within 3–8 months after log cutting. This seems rather short if we consider the period required for natural drying to avoid defects such as cracking and crooking.

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Quality Dating: A Well-Defined Protocol Implemented at ETH for High-Precision 14C-Dates Tested on Late Glacial Wood

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2019.132 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 891-899 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Adam Sookdeo ◽

Bernd Kromer ◽

Ulf Büntgen ◽

Michael Friedrich ◽

Ronny Friedrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Tree Ring ◽

High Precision ◽

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽

Late Glacial ◽

Tree Ring Chronology ◽

Continuous Measurements ◽

Calibration Curves

ABSTRACTAdvances in accelerator mass spectrometry have resulted in an unprecedented amount of new high-precision radiocarbon (14C) -dates, some of which will redefine the international 14C calibration curves (IntCal and SHCal). Often these datasets are unaccompanied by detailed quality insurances in place at the laboratory, questioning whether the 14C structure is real, a result of a laboratory variation or measurement-scatter. A handful of intercomparison studies attempt to elucidate laboratory offsets but may fail to identify measurement-scatter and are often financially constrained. Here we introduce a protocol, called Quality Dating, implemented at ETH-Zürich to ensure reproducible and accurate high-precision 14C-dates. The protocol highlights the importance of the continuous measurements and evaluation of blanks, standards, references and replicates. This protocol is tested on an absolutely dated German Late Glacial tree-ring chronology, part of which is intercompared with the Curt Engelhorn-Center for Archaeometry, Mannheim, Germany (CEZA). The combined dataset contains 170 highly resolved, highly precise 14C-dates that supplement three decadal dates spanning 280 cal. years in IntCal, and provides detailed 14C structure for this interval.

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Radiocarbon in 9th to 5th Century BC Tree-Ring Samples from the Ouban 1 Archaeological Site, Hiroshima, Japan

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200042405 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 473-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hiromasa Ozaki ◽

Mineo Imamura ◽

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki ◽

Takumi Mitsutani

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Tree Ring ◽

Calibration Curve ◽

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽

Wood Sample ◽

Archaeological Site ◽

Short Term ◽

Statistical Errors ◽

Term Fluctuation

In order to investigate the regional atmospheric radiocarbon offset, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C measurements were made on 5-yr increments of a Japanese wood sample dendrochronologically dated to 820–436 BC. The 14C data from the Japanese tree-ring samples were compared with the IntCal04 calibration curve (Reimer et al. 2004). In most parts, the differences between IntCal04 and 14C dates in the Japanese tree-ring samples were within experimental statistical errors. At around 680 BC, however, significant differences of up to 100 14C yr were observed. These differences may indicate either regional offsets in Japan or the short-term fluctuation of a subdecadal timescale in atmospheric 14C variations.

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Radiocarbon Calibration for Japanese Wood Samples

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200032410 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 81-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Minoru Sakamoto ◽

Mineo Imamura ◽

Johannes Van der Plicht ◽

Takumi Mitsutani ◽

Makoto Sahara

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

North America ◽

Tree Ring ◽

Calibration Curve ◽

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽

The Difference ◽

Radiocarbon Calibration

The radiocarbon content of Japanese cedars was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry for decadal tree-ring samples from the period of 240 BC to AD 900. Conventional gas counting was also used for part of the samples. The data were compared with the INTCAL98 calibration curve (Stuiver et al. 1998). The results indicate that the difference in atmospheric 14C between Japan and North America or Europe is negligible at this period, less than 18 14C yr using an average of 50 yr. However, in the period of about AD 100 to about AD 200, we cannot exclude the possibility of a deviation of the order of 30 to 40 14C yr to the older ages.

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Dating Polar Ice by 14C Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200007530 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 28 (2A) ◽

pp. 417-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Michael Andree ◽

Juerg Beer ◽

H P Loetscher ◽

Ernst Moor ◽

Hans Oeschger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Model Calculation ◽

Tree Ring ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽

Ice Core ◽

Air Bubbles ◽

Polar Ice ◽

Rheologic Model

Results of 14C/12C ratio measurements on CO2 extracted from air bubbles in polar ice are presented. The samples investigated originate from the Dye 3, South Greenland, deep ice core and span approximately the last 10,000 years. The results are calibrated with tree-ring records. The 14C ages are compared with information obtained from seasonal variations of ice-core parameters and rheologic model calculation.

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A Partial Bison (Bison cf. B. latifrons) Skeleton from Chuchi Lake, and its Implications for the Middle Wisconsinan Environment of Central British Columbia

Géographie physique et Quaternaire ◽

10.7202/033076ar ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. Richard Harington ◽

Alain Plouffe ◽

Hélène Jetté

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

British Columbia ◽

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽

Bison Bison ◽

Radiocarbon Date ◽

Open Forest ◽

Shrub Tundra ◽

Left And Right

ABSTRACT Fragmentary but massive left and right horncores, found with eight post-cranial bones, from a clay unit underlying a diamicton of the last (Fraser) glaciation at Chuchi Lake, British Columbia probably represents an individual giant bison (Bison cf. B. latifrons). A sample of bone from one of the horncores yielded an accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon date of 30 740 ± 220 BP, whereas overlapping dates from two other laboratories on an associated humerus are 34 800 ± 420 BP and 35 480 ± 1080 BP. Despite the discrepancy between horncore and humerus dates, they are in accord with the suspected stratigraphie age of the clay unit whence they came. Analysis of pollen from that clay unit indicates that bison with massive horns once occupied an open forest in the vicinity. Probably giant bison and Columbian mammoths (incorporating paleoenvironmental evidence found with the nearby, penecontemporaneous Babine Lake mammoth) shared lake-dotted open forest to shrub tundra range in what is now central British Columbia toward the close of the Middle Wisconsinan (Olympia Nonglacial Interval). The Chuchi Lake specimen is important because it is the first indication of giant bison from British Columbia, and it appears to be one of the latest known survivors of this species.

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The Antiquity of the Prehistoric Settlement of the Central-South Brazilian Coast

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200032185 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 733-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

T A Lima ◽

K D Macario ◽

R M Anjos ◽

P R S Gomes ◽

M M Coimbra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Radiocarbon Date ◽

Brazilian Coast ◽

Unexpected Result ◽

Southern Coast ◽

Central South

We discus here the prehistoric settlement of the central-south Brazilian coast, and, more specifically, 1 old radiocarbon date obtained for a costal shellmound, as well as its implications concerning the chronology attributed to the settlement process. The accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) technique was used to determine the 14C age of charcoal from a shellmound on the southern coast of Rio de Janeiro. The resulting age was 7860 ± 80 BP, an unexpected result that reinforces 2 similar previously obtained dates for the same region. Brazilian archaeologists, however, have questioned those 2 dates, because they would predate by some 2000 yr the antiquity consensually accepted for the settlement of the central-south Brazilian littoral.

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INTER-UNIVERSITY ACCELERATOR CENTRE, NEW DELHI (IUACD) RADIOCARBON DATE LIST II

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2021.84 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-31

Author(s):

Rajveer Sharma ◽

Pankaj Kumar ◽

Sunil Ojha ◽

Satinath Gargari ◽

Sundeep Chopra

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽

Radiocarbon Date ◽

New Delhi ◽

Cosmogenic Radionuclide ◽

Pelletron Accelerator

ABSTRACT Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) activities at the Inter-University Accelerator Centre (IUAC) in New Delhi, India, started with its 15UD Pelletron accelerator and cosmogenic radionuclide (CRN) measurements of 10Be and 26Al. Realizing the demand of a radiocarbon (14C) AMS facility in India, a 500kV Pelletron accelerator based AMS system was installed in 2015. This facility was designated with the lab code IUACD for 14C measurements. 14C dates measured in 2015 and 2016 were published in the first radiocarbon date list (see text for details). The present list is the second 14C date list and consists of dates measured from January to December 2017.

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Accelerator radiocarbon date confirms early deglaciation of the Queen Charlotte Islands

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e85-085 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 790-791 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rolf W. Mathewes ◽

J. S. Vogel ◽

J. R. Southon ◽

D. E. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

British Columbia ◽

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽

Radiocarbon Date ◽

Queen Charlotte Islands

Accelerator mass spectrometry was used to test whether part of eastern Graham Island was ice free at the height of late Wisconsin glaciation on mainland British Columbia. An accelerator radiocarbon date of 14 700 ± 700 years on a small twig conforms with two conventional dates that suggested that the Cape Ball region of Graham Island was deglaciated by about 15 000 radiocarbon years ago.

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14C Concentrations of Single-Year Tree Rings from About 22,000 Years Ago Obtained Using A Highly Accurate Measuring Method

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200036006 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 949-955 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Toshiyuki Gandou ◽

Hirohisa Sakurai ◽

Wataru Katoh ◽

Yousuke Takahashi ◽

Syuichi Gunji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Tree Ring ◽

Tree Rings ◽

Measuring Method ◽

Time Profile ◽

Calibration Data ◽

Ring Sample ◽

Standard Deviations ◽

Counting Statistics ◽

Calendar Dates

We have measured the radiocarbon concentrations in single-yr tree rings of old wood by accelerated mass spectrometry (AMS) using a multicathode. The 14C concentrations of 10 single-yr tree rings were measured in 100 tree rings at intervals of 10. For each single-yr tree-ring sample, typically 80 measurements of the 14C concentrations were carried out using multicathodes. The sample standard deviations indicated that there are other fluctuations of typically 1.5%, in addition to the fluctuation of the Poisson counting statistics which is typically 3% for each measurement. The average 14C date of the tree rings was 22,130 ± 306 BP for all 624 data of single-yr tree-ring samples measured by the multicathodes. From the calibration data of Lake Suigetsu, the calendar dates of these 100 tree rings were located between 25,400 cal BP and 26,150 cal BP. The 14C dates changed between 21,979 BP and 22,272 BP, with an error of approximately 50 BP, corresponding to a precision of approximately 0.5%. There was a step with a change of approximately 144 BP for each 10 yr in the time profile.

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14C Dating of the Upper Paleolithic Site at Krems-Hundssteig in Lower Austria

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200043332 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

E M Wild ◽

C Neugebauer-Maresch ◽

T Einwögerer ◽

P Stadler ◽

P Steier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽

Archaeological Site ◽

Upper Paleolithic ◽

Radiocarbon Date ◽

Cultural Layer ◽

Archaeological Remains ◽

14C Dating ◽

Paleolithic Site

The open-air archaeological site at Krems-Hundssteig is a well-known Upper Paleolithic site located in Lower Austria. The site was discovered in the late 19th/early 20th centuries when a large number of archaeological remains were collected during the course of loess quarrying. Although no systematic excavation has ever been performed, Krems-Hundssteig has been described since its discovery as typical of the Aurignacian period in this region based on the numerous archaeological finds; accordingly, the culture has been named Kremsien by some authors. Surprisingly, the artifacts found in a recent excavation adjacent to this location showed solely Gravettian features, calling into question the original assignment to the Aurignacian. Although the earlier assignment was supported by a radiocarbon date of ∼35 kyr BP (Hahn 1977), new accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dates proved that the recently excavated cultural layer originates from the Gravettian period. Older paleosols were also detected by sondage drillings at some depth below it.The new results indicate that a large Aurignacian level and a substantial complex of Gravettian layers are present in this area. Therefore, it must be assumed that more than 1 cultural level was affected and destroyed by the historic loess quarrying, and that the assemblage of Krems-Hundssteig artifacts, traditionally ascribed to the Aurignacian, might be interspersed with Gravettian pieces.

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