scholarly journals Radiocarbon and Tree-Ring Dates of the Bes-Shatyr #3 Saka Kurgan in the Semirechiye, Kazakhstan

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1297-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Panyushkina ◽  
Fedor Grigoriev ◽  
Todd Lange ◽  
Nursan Alimbay
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Inner Asia ◽  
Ili River Valley ◽  
Early Appearance ◽  
Wide Range

This study employs tree-ring crossdating and radiocarbon measurements to determine the precise calendar age of the Bes-Shatyr Saka necropolis (43°47′N, 81°21′E) built for wealthy tribe leaders in the Ili River Valley (Semirechiye), southern Kazakhstan. We developed a 218-yr tree-ring chronology and a highly resolved sequence of14C from timbers of Bes-Shatyr kurgan #3. A 4-decadal-point14C wiggle dates the Bes-Shatyr necropolis to 600 cal BC. A 47-yr range of cutting dates adjusted the kurgan date to ∼550 BC. This is the first result of high-resolution14C dating produced for the Saka burials in the Semirechiye. The collective dating of Bes-Shatyr indicates the early appearance of the Saka necropolis in the Semirechiye eastern margins of the Saka dispersal. However, the date is a couple of centuries younger than previously suggested by single14C dates. It is likely that the Shilbiyr sanctuary (location of the Bes-Shatyr) became a strategic and sacral place for the Saka leadership in the Semirechiye long before 550 BC. Another prominent feature of the Semirechiye burial landscape, the Issyk necropolis enclosing the Golden Warrior tomb, appeared a few centuries later according to14C dating reported by other investigators. This study contributes to the Iron Age chronology of Inner Asia, demonstrating successful results of14C calibration within the Hallstatt Plateau of the14C calibration curve. It appears that the wide range of calibrated dates for the Saka occurrences in Kazakhstan (from 800 BC to AD 350) is the result of the calibration curve constraints around the middle of the 1st millennium BC.

scholarly journals Potential for a New Multimillennial Tree-Ring Chronology from Subfossil Balkan River Oaks

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (04) ◽  
pp. S51-S59
Author(s):  
Charlotte L. Pearson ◽  
Tomasz Ważny ◽  
Peter I. Kuniholm ◽  
Katarina Botić ◽  
Aleksandar Durman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Measurement Series ◽  
Balkan Region

A total of 272 oak (Quercussp.) samples have been collected from large subfossil trees dredged from sediment deposited by the Sava and various tributary rivers in the Zagreb region of northwestern Croatia, and in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. Measurement series of tree-ring widths from these samples produced 12 groups, totaling 3456 years of floating tree-ring chronologies spread through the last ca. 8000 years. This work represents the first step in creating a new, high-resolution resource for dating and paleoenvironmental reconstruction in the Balkan region and potentially a means to bridge between the floating tree-ring chronologies of the wider Mediterranean region and the continuous long chronologies from central Europe.

Revised ‘absolute’ dating of the early Mesolithic site of Star Carr, North Yorkshire, in the light of changes in the early Holocene tree-ring chronology

Antiquity ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (284) ◽  
pp. 304-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Dark
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Holocene Environmental Change ◽  
Radiocarbon Calibration

Recent revision of the radiocarbon calibration curve for the early Holocene has implications for the ‘absolute’ date of Mesolithic sites such as Star Carr, and for their relationship to the timescale of early Holocene environmental change.

scholarly journals Calendar Age of the Baigetobe Kurgan from the Iron Age Saka Cemetery in Shilikty Valley, Kazakhstan

Radiocarbon ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina P Panyushkina ◽  
Igor Y Slyusarenko ◽  
Renato Sala ◽  
Jean-Marc Deom ◽  
Abdesh T Toleubayev
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Burial Site ◽  
Archaeological Wood ◽  
The North ◽  
Burial Rites

AbstractThis study addresses the development of an absolute chronology for prominent burial sites of Inner Asian nomadic cultures. We investigate Saka archaeological wood from a well-known gold-filled Baigetobe kurgan (burial mound #1 of Shilikty-3 cemetery) to estimate its calendar age using tree-ring and 14C dating. The Saka was the southernmost tribal group of Asian Scythians, who roamed Central Asia during the 1st millennium BC (Iron Age). The Shilikty is a large burial site located in the Altai Mountains along the border between Kazakhstan and China. We present a new floating tree-ring chronology of larch and five new 14C dates from the construction timbers of the Baigetobe kurgan. The results of Bayesian modeling suggest the age of studied timbers is ~730–690 cal BC. This places the kurgan in early Scythian time and authenticates a previously suggested age of the Baigetobe gold collection between the 8th and 7th centuries BC derived from the typology of grave goods and burial rites. Chronologically and stylistically, the Scythian Animal Style gold from the Baigetobe kurgan is closer to Early Scythians in the North Caucasus and Tuva than to the local Saka occurrences in the Kazakh Altai. Our dating results indicate that the Baigetobe kurgan was nearly contemporaneous to the Arjan-2 kurgan (Tuva) and could be one of the earliest kurgans of the Saka-Scythian elite in Central Asia.

Dendrochronology of the English Neolithic

Antiquity ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (243) ◽  
pp. 210-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hillam ◽  
C. M. Groves ◽  
D. M. Brown ◽  
M. G. L. Baillie ◽  
J. M. Coles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Historic Period ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
Site Chronology ◽  
A Site ◽  
Very High

In the period 1970–85, tree-ring research in Europe had resulted in the production of long oak chronologies for both Ireland and Germany going back over 7000 years (e.g. Brown et al. 1986; Leuschner & Delorme 1984). In England, there was a network of regional chronologies covering the historic period, and almost no chronological coverage for the prehistoric. For the archaeologist this meant that, provided a site from the historic period produced a replicated site chronology, the chances of dating by dendrochronology were very high. The chances of this happening for a prehistoric site were poor by comparison, although some sites were successfully dated, for example the Iron Age causeway from Fiskerton in Liricolnshire and the Hasholme log boat found in North Humberside (Hillam 1987).The period 1985–88 saw an intense effort to outline a prehistoric oak tree-ring chronology in England (Baillie & Brown 1988). This work centred on sub-fossil oaks from East Anglia and Lancashire and built on a previous chronology from Swan Carr, near Durham which spanned 1155–381 BC (Baillie et al. 1983). The approach to chronology-building was to produce wellreplicated chronology units which could be located precisely in time against the existing Irish (Pilcher et al. 1984) and North German (Leuschner & Delorme 1984) chronologies.

scholarly journals Fossile Föhren – präzises Werkzeug der Paläoklimaforschung: Stand der Jahrringforschung an fossilen Bäumen und Vernetzung hochauflösender Archive | Fossil pine trees – accurate tool in paleoclimatic research

2004 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Klaus Felix Kaiser ◽  
Matthias Schaub
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
The Absolute

A comparison of different high-resolution archives, such as tree rings, ice cores and marine varves show high degrees of similarity and reveal significant hemispheric climatic events (Older Dryas, Gerzensee Deviation, onset of Younger Dryas). Even the eruption of the Laachersee volcano (Eifel, Germany) 13 070 years ago is recorded synchronously in all of these archives. Trees from the Zurich area extend the absolute tree-ring chronology back to 12 449 years BP. This extension is relevant for quaternary research as well as for calibrating the 14C curve and other archives. The recent findings from the Uetliberg may provide further progress in filling the existing gaps in the Lateglacial tree-ring chronologies.

scholarly journals Potential for a New Multimillennial Tree-Ring Chronology from Subfossil Balkan River Oaks

Radiocarbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. S51-S59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte L. Pearson ◽  
Tomasz Ważny ◽  
Peter I. Kuniholm ◽  
Katarina Botić ◽  
Aleksandar Durman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Measurement Series ◽  
Balkan Region

A total of 272 oak (Quercussp.) samples have been collected from large subfossil trees dredged from sediment deposited by the Sava and various tributary rivers in the Zagreb region of northwestern Croatia, and in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. Measurement series of tree-ring widths from these samples produced 12 groups, totaling 3456 years of floating tree-ring chronologies spread through the last ca. 8000 years. This work represents the first step in creating a new, high-resolution resource for dating and paleoenvironmental reconstruction in the Balkan region and potentially a means to bridge between the floating tree-ring chronologies of the wider Mediterranean region and the continuous long chronologies from central Europe.

scholarly journals A Reappraisal of the Dendrochronology and Dating of Tille Höyük (1993)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol B Griggs ◽  
Sturt W Manning
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Oak Tree

The results of a tentative oak tree-ring chronology built from charcoal samples found in Late Bronze to early Iron Age contexts (late 2nd millennium to early 1st millennium BCE) at the site of Tille Höyük in southeast Turkey, and its placement in time, was published in 1993 (Summers 1993). This represented one of the few publications about archaeological dendrochronology for this period and region. However, the dendrochronological sequence and its crossdating have been questioned, including in this journal (Keenan 2002). Here, we critically reassess and revise the dendrochronological positioning of the site's building phases and their place in time by absolutely dating 7 decadal tree-ring sequences via radiocarbon wiggle-matching.

Radiocarbon Pretreatment Comparisons of Bald Cypress (Taxodium Distichum) wood samples from a massive buried deposit on the Georgia Coast, USA

Radiocarbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1755-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine G Napora ◽  
Alexander Cherkinsky ◽  
Robert J Speakman ◽  
Victor D Thompson ◽  
Robert Horan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Taxodium Distichum ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Bald Cypress ◽  
Georgia Coast ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACTWe sampled individual growth rings from three ancient remnant bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) trees from a massive buried deposit at the mouth of the Altamaha River on the Georgia Coast to determine the best technique for radiocarbon (14C) dating pretreatment. The results of our comparison of traditional ABA pretreatment and holocellulose and α-cellulose fractions show no significant differences among the pretreatments (<1 sigma) thereby suggesting that ABA pretreatment will prove sufficient for the development of a high-resolution 14C tree-ring chronology based on these ancient bald cypresses which will indicate whether the U.S. Southeast is subject to a regional radiocarbon offset.

scholarly journals Fluctuating radiocarbon offsets observed in the southern Levant and implications for archaeological chronology debates

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (24) ◽  
pp. 6141-6146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sturt W. Manning ◽  
Carol Griggs ◽  
Brita Lorentzen ◽  
Christopher Bronk Ramsey ◽  
David Chivall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Southern Levant ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Considerable Work

Considerable work has gone into developing high-precision radiocarbon (14C) chronologies for the southern Levant region during the Late Bronze to Iron Age/early Biblical periods (∼1200–600 BC), but there has been little consideration whether the current standard Northern Hemisphere14C calibration curve (IntCal13) is appropriate for this region. We measured14C ages of calendar-dated tree rings from AD 1610 to 1940 from southern Jordan to investigate contemporary14C levels and to compare these with IntCal13. Our data reveal an average offset of ∼1914C years, but, more interestingly, this offset seems to vary in importance through time. While relatively small, such an offset has substantial relevance to high-resolution14C chronologies for the southern Levant, both archaeological and paleoenvironmental. For example, reconsidering two published studies, we find differences, on average, of 60% between the 95.4% probability ranges determined from IntCal13 versus those approximately allowing for the observed offset pattern. Such differences affect, and even potentially undermine, several current archaeological and historical positions and controversies.

scholarly journals Securing timelines in the ancient Mediterranean using multiproxy annual tree-ring data

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (15) ◽  
pp. 8410-8415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Pearson ◽  
Matthew Salzer ◽  
Lukas Wacker ◽  
Peter Brewer ◽  
Adam Sookdeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Bristlecone Pine ◽  
New Applications

Calendar-dated tree-ring sequences offer an unparalleled resource for high-resolution paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Where such records exist for a few limited geographic regions over the last 8,000 to 12,000 years, they have proved invaluable for creating precise and accurate timelines for past human and environmental interactions. To expand such records across new geographic territory or extend data for certain regions further backward in time, new applications must be developed to secure “floating” (not yet absolutely dated) tree-ring sequences, which cannot be assigned single-calendar year dates by standard dendrochronological techniques. This study develops two approaches to this problem for a critical floating tree-ring chronology from the East Mediterranean Bronze–Iron Age. The chronology is more closely fixed in time using annually resolved patterns of 14C, modulated by cosmic radiation, between 1700 and 1480 BC. This placement is then tested using an anticorrelation between calendar-dated tree-ring growth responses to climatically effective volcanism in North American bristlecone pine and the Mediterranean trees. Examination of the newly dated Mediterranean tree-ring sequence between 1630 and 1500 BC using X-ray fluorescence revealed an unusual calcium anomaly around 1560 BC. While requiring further replication and analysis, this anomaly merits exploration as a potential marker for the eruption of Thera.

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