Theism, Evil and the Onus of Proof – Reply to F. J. Fitzpatrick

1983 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O' Connor

The theism which I consider in this paper is one which affirms each of the three following propositions: ‘God exists’, ‘Omnipotence, omniscience and moral perfection are all defining traits of God’ and ‘Evil exists in the world’. I will not be concerned at all with any variety of theism which might deny the truth of any of the foregoing propositions. Broadly put, my concern, therefore, is with orthodox, traditional theism.

2021 ◽  
pp. 001258062110167
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Mills

Despite different starting points, in the cloister and the world respectively, Anselm of Canterbury (1033-1109) and C. S. Lewis (1898–1963) enjoyed a mutual interest in the concept and experience of spiritual desire. Inspired by Lewis’ famous sermon, ‘The Weight of Glory’ (1941), but principally guided by Anselm’s reflections, this essay argues that desire exists in a dynamic relationship with love and that, as a journey of desire, the Christian life is extremely challenging, since it is a journey into mystery and towards moral perfection, but also contains and ultimately fulfils God’s promise of eternal joy. It is hoped that one by-product of this exploration may be to accord greater recognition to Anselm as a spiritual, even mystical, theologian, recognising him in Jean Leclercq’s description of an earlier monastic leader, Gregory the Great (d. 604), as a ‘doctor of desire’.


2021 ◽  
pp. 181-192
Author(s):  
Bruce Ledewitz

The book returns to the question of God within the world of the yes. The reader is given tools to continue the investigation, but no final conclusion is reached on the question of God. David Griffin’s process thought is naturalistic and panentheistic. This view of God shares attributes of traditional theism. But in process thought, God does not create ex nihilo, does not coerce, and remains within the causal structure of nature. Griffin argues that God is a necessary feature of process thought and its endorsement of enduring meaning. Donald Sherburne offers a different view, called “Whitehead Without God.” The book concludes that process thought without God can still renew public life. It remains for us in the future to investigate the mystery of holiness in the universe.


Think ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (25) ◽  
pp. 101-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott F. Aikin

Theism is a cluster of views. The first of which is that God exists. Others are that God has all the relevant omni-attributes, that He created the world, and that He communicates with and performs miracles on behalf of humans. There is one additional view that is often overlooked. It is that humans are obligated to worship God. Importantly, this issue of worship is of central importance to traditional theism. And it extends into pagan thought that predates Christianity. Take, for example Epicurus' deployment of the argument from evil: If god is willing to prevent evil, then he is not omnipotent. If he is able but unwilling, then he is malevolent. If he is able and willing, from whence comes evil? Is he neither able nor willing? Then why call him god?


Dialogue ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-658
Author(s):  
Roland Puccetti

If axiarchism is the theory that the world is ruled by value, extreme axiarchism is the theory that some set of ethical needs is itself creatively powerful (Mackie 1982). Both views go back to Plato's claim in The Republic that the Form of the Good gives us knowledge and creative energy on analogy with the sun giving us vision without itself acting in the world. Insofar as this way of thinking obviates the need for a creative God, extreme axiarchism is a rival to traditional theism; if there is a God he was called into existence by virtue of his ethical requiredness.


2019 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Leslie Stevenson

Deism believes in a God who created the world in the beginning but does not intervene in it thereafter. It represents an unstable compromise between traditional theism and scientific determinism.


2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
Jerry H. Gill ◽  

My suggestion is to replace Charles Hartshorne's term "panentheism" with that of "pansyntheism" as a more fruitful way of characterizing the dynamic relation between God and the world. He introduced the term panentheism in order to split the difference between traditional theism and pantheism, to define God as highly interactive with the cosmos without being totally in control of it. The world is thought of as being in God without being identified with God.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHE DE RAY

Abstract Relying on inference to the best explanation (IBE) requires one to hold the intuition that the world is ‘intelligible’, that is, such that states of affairs at least generally have explanations for their obtaining. I argue that metaphysical naturalists are rationally required to withhold this intuition, unless they cease to be naturalists. This is because all plausible naturalistic aetiologies of the intuition entail that the intuition and the state of affairs which it represents are not causally connected in an epistemically appropriate way. Given that one ought to rely on IBE, naturalists are forced to pick the latter and change their world-view. Traditional theists, in contrast, do not face this predicament. This, I argue, is strong grounds for preferring traditional theism to naturalism.


Author(s):  
Mark C. Murphy

Holiness is the attribute most emphatically ascribed to God in Scripture. But there has been little attention devoted to characterizing and considering the entailments of divine holiness. This book defends an account of holiness indebted to Rudolf Otto’s description of the experience of the holy as that of a mysterium tremendum et fascinans. God’s being holy consists in God’s being someone with whom intimate union is both extremely desirable for us and yet something for which we—and indeed any limited beings—are unfit. This notion of divine holiness is useful for addressing disputed theological questions regarding divine action. In contrast to standard accounts of divine action that begin with assumptions regarding God’s moral perfection or God’s maximal love, the appeal to divine holiness supports a rival framework for explaining and predicting divine action—the holiness framework—according to which God is motivated to act in ways that are a response to God’s own value by keeping distance from that which is deficient, defective, or in any way limited in goodness. The book exhibits the fruitfulness of a reorientation from the morality and love frameworks to the holiness framework by showing how such a reorientation suggests distinct approaches to perennial problems of divine action regarding creation, incarnation, atonement, and salvation. From the treatment of these perennial problems, a general theme regarding divine action emerges: that God’s interaction with the world exhibits a radical sort of humility.


1969 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Richman

The traditional problem of evil is set forth, by no means for the first time, in Part X of Hume's Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion in these familiar words: ‘Is [God] willing to prevent evil, but not able? then he is impotent. Is he able, but not willing? then he is malevolent. Is he both able and willing? whence then is evil?’ This formulation of the problem of evil obviously suggests an argument to the effect that the existence of evil in the world demonstrates that God does not exist. The purpose of this paper is to examine this argument, with a view to showing that while it is not a conclusive argument, it is much stronger than some apologists for traditional theism allow.


2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (114) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Carlos R. V. Cirne-Lima

A doutrina neotomista tradicional, retomando os argumentos de Tomás de Aquino, pretende demonstrar a existência necessária de Deus como sendo a primeira causa não-causada de toda a série de causas. Puntel retoma este argumento com maior clareza, distinguindo a totalidade do Ser – existente e possível – e, dentro dela, a subtotalidade do ser necessário (Deus) e a subtotalidade dos seres contingentes (mundo). Contra esta posição considera-se a existência de uma única totalidade omniabrangente e universalíssima, que em sí é necessária e que engendra, dentro em si, subtotalidades contingentes. Ao invés de uma totalidade do Ser com duas subtotalidades, das quais uma é Deus, a outra, os seres criados, propõe-se uma única totalidade que é Deus e que engendra, dentro em si, as várias subtotalidades que são os seres contingentes. Ao invés do teísmo tradicional dos neotomistas, o panenteísmo dos místicos neoplatônicos.Abstract: The traditional neo-Thomist doctrine, retaking Thomas Aquinas´ arguments, intends to demonstrate God’s necessary existence as being the first non-caused cause of the whole series of causes. Using this argument, Puntel clearly distinguishes the existing and possible wholeness of being and, within it, the subtotality of the necessary being (God) and the subtotality of contingent beings (the world). Against this standpoint, the existence of a unique, universal and all-encompassing totality, which is in itself necessary and generates within itself contingent subtotalities, will be considered. Instead of a totality of the Being with its two subtotalities, God and the created beings, a unique totality is being proposed, that of God, which generates within itself all the other subtotalities that are the contingent beings. Therefore, instead of the traditional theism of the neo-Thomists, it is the panentheism of neo-Platonist mystics that is being proposed.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document