From Pan-Africanism to Socialism: The Modernization of an African Liberation Ideology

The concept of Pan-Africanism has been around for a long time in spite of great historical events. Beginning as the nationalist thought of more or less detribalized Africans in the New World during the era of slavery, Pan-Africanism has survived the impact of such developments as the U.S. Civil War and Reconstruction, the post-Reconstruction era, the rise and fall of the Garvey movement, European colonialism in Africa, the Russian and other socialist revolutions of the twentieth century, and the black freedom movements in Africa, the United States, and the Caribbean since 1945.

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THE INFLUENCE OF SCOTTISH ACCOUNTANTS IN THE UNITED STATES: THE EARLY CASE OF THE SOCIETY OF ACCOUNTANTS IN EDINBURGH

Accounting Historians Journal ◽

10.2308/0148-4184.24.1.117 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 117-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

T. A. LEE

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

General Theory ◽

Research Program ◽

The United States ◽

The World ◽

Early Case ◽

The Impact ◽

Chartered Accountants ◽

The U.S

This study represents part of a long-term research program to investigate the influence of U.K. accountants on the development of professional accountancy in other parts of the world. It examines the impact of a small group of Scottish chartered accountants who emigrated to the U.S. in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Set against a general theory of emigration, the study's main results reveal the significant involvement of this group in the founding and development of U.S. accountancy. The influence is predominantly with respect to public accountancy and its main institutional organizations. Several of the individuals achieved considerable eminence in U.S. public accountancy.

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How Representative Are Snowball Samples? Using the Ethnosurvey to Study Guatemala-U.S. Migration

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science ◽

10.1177/0002716216646568 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 666 (1) ◽

pp. 64-76

Author(s):

David P. Lindstrom

Keyword(s):

Rhode Island ◽

Composite Index ◽

The United States ◽

Mexican Migration ◽

Background Characteristics ◽

Household Location ◽

Sample Weighting ◽

Migrant Integration ◽

The Impact ◽

The U.S

This analysis draws on binational data from an ethnosurvey conducted in Guatemala and in the United States in Providence, Rhode Island, to develop a refinement of the weighting scheme that the Mexican Migration Project (MMP) uses. The alternative weighting procedure distinguishes between temporary and settled migrants by using a question on household location in the Guatemala questionnaire that is not used in the MMP. Demographic characteristics and integration experiences of the most recent U.S. trip are used to assess the composition and representativeness of the U.S. sample. Using a composite index of migrant integration to compare the impact of alternative U.S. sample weights on point estimates, I find that although the U.S. sample is broadly representative across a range of background characteristics, the MMP sample weighting procedure biases estimates of migrant integration downward.

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International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment as Innovation Factors of the U.S. Economy

International Journal of Management and Economics ◽

10.2478/ijme-2014-0037 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 60-75

Author(s):

Tomasz M. Napiórkowski

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

International Trade ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Positive Impact ◽

The United States ◽

Annual Data ◽

Main Portion ◽

The Impact ◽

Total Impact ◽

The U.S

Abstract The aim of this research is to asses the hypothesis that foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade have had a positive impact on innovation in one of the most significant economies in the world, the United States (U.S.). To do so, the author used annual data from 1995 to 2010 to build a set of econometric models. In each model, 11 in total) the number of patent applications by U.S. residents is regressed on inward FDI stock, exports and imports of the economy as a collective, and in each of the 10 SITC groups separately. Although the topic of FDI is widely covered in the literature, there are still disagreements when it comes to the impact of foreign direct investment on the host economy [McGrattan, 2011]. To partially address this gap, this research approaches the host economy not only as an aggregate, but also as a sum of its components (i.e., SITC groups), which to the knowledge of this author has not yet been done on the innovation-FDI-trade plane, especially for the U.S. Unfortunately, the study suffers from the lack of available data. For example, the number of patents and other used variables is reported in the aggregate and not for each SITC groups (e.g., trade). As a result, our conclusions regarding exports and imports in a specific SITC category (and the total) impact innovation in the U.S. is reported in the aggregate. General notions found in the literature are first shown and discussed. Second, the dynamics of innovation, trade and inward FDI stock in the U.S. are presented. Third, the main portion of the work, i.e. the econometric study, takes place, leading to several policy applications and conclusions.

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The 2016 U.S. Presidential Campaign: Changing Discourse on Palestine

Journal of Palestine Studies ◽

10.1525/jps.2016.46.1.34 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 34-49

Author(s):

Phyllis Bennis

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Democratic Party ◽

The United States ◽

Presidential Campaign ◽

Antiwar Movement ◽

Policy Debate ◽

Policy Analyst ◽

Long Time ◽

The Impact

This essay examines the discourse on Palestine/Israel in the 2016 U.S. presidential campaign, charting the impact of the Palestine rights movement on the domestic U.S. policy debate. Policy analyst, author, and long-time activist Phyllis Bennis notes the sea change within the Democratic Party evident in the unprecedented debate on the issue outside traditionally liberal Zionist boundaries. The final Democratic platform was as pro-Israel and anti-Palestinian as any in history, but the process of getting there was revolutionary in no small part, Bennis argues, due to the grassroots campaign of veteran U.S. senator Bernie Sanders. Bennis also discusses the Republican platform on Israel/Palestine, outlining the positions of the final three Republican contenders. Although she is clear about the current weakness of the broad antiwar movement in the United States, Bennis celebrates its Palestinian rights component and its focus on education and BDS to challenge the general public's “ignorance” on Israel/Palestine.

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Language and translation practices of Spanish-language newspapers published in the U.S. borderlands between 1808 and 1930

Translation and Interpreting Studies ◽

10.1075/tis.00039.gas ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 218-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laura Gasca Jiménez ◽

Maira E. Álvarez ◽

Sylvia Fernández

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Language Use ◽

The United States ◽

Spanish Language ◽

Hispanic American ◽

Language Policies ◽

The Creation ◽

The Impact ◽

The U.S

Abstract This article examines the impact of the anglicizing language policies implemented after the annexation of the U.S. borderlands to the United States on language use by describing the language and translation practices of Spanish-language newspapers published in the U.S. borderlands across different sociohistorical periods from 1808 to 1930. Sixty Hispanic-American newspapers (374 issues) from 1808 to 1980 were selected for analysis. Despite aggressive anglicizing legislation that caused a societal shift of language use from Spanish into English in most borderland states after the annexation, the current study suggests that the newspapers resisted assimilation by adhering to the Spanish language in the creation of original content and in translation.

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The Caribbean and its Linkages with the World

IMF Working Papers ◽

10.5089/9781498326766.001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 (256) ◽

Author(s):

Mauricio Vargas ◽

Daniela Hess

Keyword(s):

Global Economy ◽

Caribbean Region ◽

Financial Variables ◽

The World ◽

Trading Partners ◽

Global Var ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Using Data ◽

The Impact ◽

The U.S

Using data from 1980-2017, this paper estimates a Global VAR (GVAR) model taylored for the Caribbean region which includes its major trading partners, representing altogether around 60 percent of the global economy. We provide stilyzed facts of the main interrelations between the Caribbean region and the rest of the world, and then we quantify the impact of external shocks on Caribbean countries through the application of two case studies: i) a change in the international price of oil, and ii) an increase in the U.S. GDP. We confirmed that Caribbean countries are highly exposed to external factors, and that a fall in oil prices and an increase in the U.S. GDP have a positive and large impact on most of them after controlling for financial variables, exchange rate fluctuations and overall price changes. The results from the model help to disentangle effects from various channels that interact at the same time, such as flows of tourists, trade of goods, and changes in economic conditions in the largest economies of the globe.

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Patterson v. McLean: A Confirmation of the New Right at the U.S. Supreme Court

Les Cahiers de droit ◽

10.7202/042990ar ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 987-1009

Author(s):

George M. Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Civil Rights ◽

Supreme Court ◽

Reagan Administration ◽

Ronald Reagan ◽

The United States ◽

National Elections ◽

Presidential Appointments ◽

The Supreme Court ◽

The Impact ◽

The U.S

In two consecutive national elections a conservative, Ronald Reagan, was elected President of the United States. When Justice Lewis Powell announced his retirement during the late months of the Reagan administration, it was apparent that the President's last appointment could shift the ideology of the Court to conservatism for the first time since the presidency of Dwight Eisenhower. President Reagan's prior appointments, Sandra Day O'Connor and Antonin Scalia, had joined William Rehnquist, an appointee of President Nixon and Bryon White, an appointee of President Kennedy to comprise a vociferous minority of four in many instances, especially cases involving civil rights. The unexpected opportunity for the appointment of a conservative jurist caused great anxiety in the media and in the U.S. Senate, the later having confirmation power over presidential appointments to the Supreme Court. This article examines the consequences of the Senate's confirmation of Justice Anthony Kennedy to the Supreme Court. The impact, which was immediate and dramatic, indicates that conservative ideology will predominate on major civil rights issues for the remainder of this century.

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The Impact of Political System and Culture on Political Advertising

International Area Review ◽

10.1177/223386590500800102 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 23-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chun-Sik Kim

Keyword(s):

House Of Representatives ◽

Presidential Election ◽

Political System ◽

Political Advertising ◽

The United States ◽

Election Campaigns ◽

Daily Newspapers ◽

Study Results ◽

The Impact ◽

The U.S

This study examines the impact of political system and culture on political advertising of the United States, Japan and Korea. The population of this study was defined as all political ads appearing in major daily newspapers during the 1963–1997 presidential election campaigns in the U.S. and Korea, and the House of Representatives' election campaigns in Japan. A total of 695 political newspaper ads were content-analyzed in this study. Results of the study showed that there were differences in types, valences and appeals of political advertising of the U.S., Japan and Korea. Also, discussions based on study results showed mixed and intertwined arguments against or for the expectations for this study.

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China's Urbanization: Migration by the Millions

10.24103/cus1.en.2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Keyword(s):

Dual Language ◽

New World ◽

Full Range ◽

The United States ◽

Registration System ◽

Land System ◽

Chinese Characteristics ◽

Long Time ◽

Urbanization In China ◽

To Come

Joseph Eugene Stiglitz, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, once named urbanization in China and the new technical revolution led by the United States as the two great events shaping the world of the 21st century. British specialist Tom Miller refers to China’s urbanization as “the greatest migration in human history.” China's Urbanization: Migration by the Millions is a full-range description of how millions of farmers in China became urban citizens in different periods of history. It further explores the deep-rooted issues of the country’s land system and household registration system, issues that will be confronted by urbanization for a long time to come. China is the world’s largest single-country population transfer and urbanization country. Its urbanization is faced with ever more stringent constraints on resources and environment. This means China has to take a brand new path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics. Through this book, readers can get both the ropes of official and mainstream views on the new urbanization initiative and get familiar with multi-directional probes on this issue in academic circles so they may gain a comprehensive and balanced understanding of the whole picture. This book was first published by New World Press in 2014, and republished jointly by New World Press and Global Century Press in 2016. This joint publication is the first volume in the ‘China Urbanization Studies’ series. We have retained the original typesetting, but we have added DOI numbers for the book, Series Editors’ Prefaces and all chapters, as well as a section of dual language additions from Global Century Press in English and Chinese.

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