scholarly journals Gas and Star Kinematics in Elliptical Galaxies

1983 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 311-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Bertola ◽  
D. Bettoni ◽  
M. Capaccioli
Keyword(s):  
Potential Field ◽  
Elliptical Galaxies ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Gaseous Component ◽  
New Models ◽  
Dynamical Properties ◽  
Different Response

Since the time it became evident that ellipticals are not rotationally supported, there has been an increasing interest on their dynamical properties, and new models have been formulated. However, the spectroscopic, as well as the photometric and morphological observations, do not provide yet a clear understanding of the structure of these objects, just proving that they are much more complicated than thought before. An obvious way to attack the problem seems to look at the motions of the gaseous component in those few cases where it is present, because of the different response to the same potential field of the gas and star components.

scholarly journals The history of the Galactic bulge

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S323) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Zijlstra ◽  
K. Gesicki ◽  
M. M. Miller Bertolami
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Elliptical Galaxies ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Galactic Bulge ◽  
Luminosity Functions ◽  
New Models ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Star Formation Histories

AbstractPlanetary nebulae form in stellar populations with ages from 1 to 10 Gyr, and can be used to trace their star formation histories. Here we apply this to the Galactic bulge, where there are indications both for an old origin and for younger stars. We use new stellar models, which have significant different evolutionary speeds during the post-AGB phase. We apply these new models to a sample of 32 planetary nebulae with HST imaging and VLT spectroscopy. The results show evidence for an old starburst, followed by continuous star formation until at least 2Gyr ago. This agrees very well with recent analysis of colour-magnitude diagrams of the bulge. We show that the new models can also explain the [OIII] luminosity functions, and predict the uniform luminosity cut-off both in spiral galaxies and old elliptical galaxies.

scholarly journals The structural and dynamical properties of compact elliptical galaxies

2017 ◽  
Vol 468 (4) ◽  
pp. 4216-4245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akın Yıldırım ◽  
Remco C. E. van den Bosch ◽  
Glenn van de Ven ◽  
Ignacio Martín-Navarro ◽  
Jonelle L. Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elliptical Galaxies ◽  
Dynamical Properties

scholarly journals PULSAR WIND NEBULAE MODELING

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 1460162 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICCOLÒ BUCCIANTINI
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Pulsar Magnetosphere ◽  
Pulsar Wind Nebulae ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Dynamical Properties ◽  
Pulsar Wind

Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe) are ideal astrophysical laboratories where high energy relativistic phenomena can be investigated. They are close, well resolved in our observations, and the knowledge derived in their study has a strong impact in many other fields, from AGNs to GRBs. Yet there are still unresolved issues, that prevent us from a full clear understanding of these objects. The lucky combination of high resolution X-ray imaging and numerical codes to handle the outflow and dynamical properties of relativistic MHD, has opened a new avenue of investigation that has lead to interesting progresses in the last years. Despite all of this, we do not understand yet how particles are accelerated, and the functioning of the pulsar wind and pulsar magnetosphere, that power PWNe. I will review what is now commonly known as the MHD paradigm, and in particular I will focus on various approaches that have been and are currently used to model these systems. For each I will highlight its advantages, limitations, and degree of applicability.

scholarly journals High Dimensional Immune Profiling Reveals Different Response Patterns in Active and Latent Tuberculosis Following Stimulation With Mycobacterial Glycolipids

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina S. Silva ◽  
Christopher Sundling ◽  
Elin Folkesson ◽  
Gabrielle Fröberg ◽  
Claudia Nobrega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cells ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Upon infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) the host immune response might clear the bacteria, control its growth leading to latent tuberculosis (LTB), or fail to control its growth resulting in active TB (ATB). There is however no clear understanding of the features underlying a more or less effective response. Mtb glycolipids are abundant in the bacterial cell envelope and modulate the immune response to Mtb, but the patterns of response to glycolipids are still underexplored. To identify the CD45+ leukocyte activation landscape induced by Mtb glycolipids in peripheral blood of ATB and LTB, we performed a detailed assessment of the immune response of PBMCs to the Mtb glycolipids lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and its biosynthetic precursor phosphatidyl-inositol mannoside (PIM), and purified-protein derivate (PPD). At 24 h of stimulation, cell profiling and secretome analysis was done using mass cytometry and high-multiplex immunoassay. PIM induced a diverse cytokine response, mainly affecting antigen-presenting cells to produce both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, but not IFN-γ, contrasting with PPD that was a strong inducer of IFN-γ. The effect of PIM on the antigen-presenting cells was partly TLR2-dependent. Expansion of monocyte subsets in response to PIM or LAM was reduced primarily in LTB as compared to healthy controls, suggesting a hyporesponsive/tolerance pattern derived from Mtb infection.

scholarly journals On the Formation and Dynamics of Shells around Elliptical Galaxies

1983 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 347-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Potential Field ◽  
Elliptical Galaxy ◽  
Elliptical Galaxies ◽  
Merger Event

Sharp shell-like structures around elliptical galaxies can be modelled by the phase wrapping of a cold disk of stars in the fixed potential of a massive elliptical galaxy. Such structures can then be used as probes of the potential field of ellipticals and a diagnostic of the merger event.

scholarly journals Triaxial Scale-Free Models of Highly Flattened Elliptical Galaxies with Massive Halos

1987 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 499-500
Author(s):  
Harold F. Levison ◽  
Douglas O. Richstone
Keyword(s):  
Position Angle ◽  
Elliptical Galaxies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Dynamical Models ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Dynamical Properties ◽  
Massive Halos

Two surveys of dynamical models of highly flattened, triaxial elliptical galaxies with isothermal potentials have been constructed. These models were constructed in order to better understand the range of possible observable dynamical properties of triaxial galaxies. All models have been constructed so that they appear as E6 galaxies when seen from their intermediate axes. However, one set of models is nearly oblate; the other is nearly prolate. the models are constructed with massive halos such that M/L ∝ r. Triaxial models of either shape can be constructed with their projected axes of rotation at any position angle with respect to the major axes of the galaxies. the most surprising result is that in most models, the position angle of maximum observed rotation is not perpendicular to the position angle of zero rotation.

1.65 Micron (HBand) Surface Photometry of Galaxies. X. Structural and Dynamical Properties of Elliptical Galaxies

2002 ◽  
Vol 579 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Zibetti ◽  
Giuseppe Gavazzi ◽  
Marco Scodeggio ◽  
Paolo Franzetti ◽  
Alessandro Boselli
Keyword(s):  
Elliptical Galaxies ◽  
Surface Photometry ◽  
Dynamical Properties
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