scholarly journals Structure and Evolution of Planetary Nebula Haloes

2003 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Steffen ◽  
Detlef Schönberner
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Density Structure ◽  
History Of

The density structure of the extended haloes of Planetary Nebulae (PN) is generally believed to reflect the previous history of heavy mass loss during the final stages of stellar evolution on the asymptotic giant-branch (AGB). In this review, we discuss different interpretations of the observed PN halo structures in the light of recent numerical simulations combining detailed AGB and post-AGB stellar evolution calculations with time-dependent hydrodynamical wind models.

scholarly journals New models for the rapid evolution of the central star of the Stingray Nebula

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T M Lawlor
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Central Star ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Thermal Pulse ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Models

Abstract We present stellar evolution calculations from the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) to the Planetary Nebula (PN) phase for models of initial mass 1.2 M⊙ and 2.0 M⊙ that experience a Late Thermal Pulse (LTP), a helium shell flash that occurs following the AGB and causes a rapid looping evolution between the AGB and PN phase. We use these models to make comparisons to the central star of the Stingray Nebula, V839 Ara (SAO 244567). The central star has been observed to be rapidly evolving (heating) over the last 50 to 60 years and rapidly dimming over the past 20–30 years. It has been reported to belong to the youngest known planetary nebula, now rapidly fading in brightness. In this paper we show that the observed timescales, sudden dimming, and increasing Log(g), can all be explained by LTP models of a specific variety. We provide a possible explanation for the nebular ionization, the 1980’s sudden mass loss episode, the sudden decline in mass loss, and the nebular recombination and fading.

scholarly journals Stellar wind models of central stars of planetary nebulae

2020 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
pp. A173 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Krtička ◽  
J. Kubát ◽  
I. Krtičková
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
White Dwarf ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Central Stars ◽  
Loss Rates

Context. Fast line-driven stellar winds play an important role in the evolution of planetary nebulae, even though they are relatively weak. Aims. We provide global (unified) hot star wind models of central stars of planetary nebulae. The models predict wind structure including the mass-loss rates, terminal velocities, and emergent fluxes from basic stellar parameters. Methods. We applied our wind code for parameters corresponding to evolutionary stages between the asymptotic giant branch and white dwarf phases for a star with a final mass of 0.569 M⊙. We study the influence of metallicity and wind inhomogeneities (clumping) on the wind properties. Results. Line-driven winds appear very early after the star leaves the asymptotic giant branch (at the latest for Teff ≈ 10 kK) and fade away at the white dwarf cooling track (below Teff = 105 kK). Their mass-loss rate mostly scales with the stellar luminosity and, consequently, the mass-loss rate only varies slightly during the transition from the red to the blue part of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. There are the following two exceptions to the monotonic behavior: a bistability jump at around 20 kK, where the mass-loss rate decreases by a factor of a few (during evolution) due to a change in iron ionization, and an additional maximum at about Teff = 40−50 kK. On the other hand, the terminal velocity increases from about a few hundreds of km s−1 to a few thousands of km s−1 during the transition as a result of stellar radius decrease. The wind terminal velocity also significantly increases at the bistability jump. Derived wind parameters reasonably agree with observations. The effect of clumping is stronger at the hot side of the bistability jump than at the cool side. Conclusions. Derived fits to wind parameters can be used in evolutionary models and in studies of planetary nebula formation. A predicted bistability jump in mass-loss rates can cause the appearance of an additional shell of planetary nebula.

scholarly journals Mass-Losing AGB Stars in the Magellanic Clouds

1993 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 319-319
Author(s):  
Neill Reid
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Luminosity Function ◽  
Magellanic Clouds ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars ◽  
Agb Stars ◽  
The Future ◽  
Giant Branch Stars

Asymptotic giant branch stars are the immediate precursors to the planetary nebula stage of stellar evolution. It is clear that the latter stages of a stars life on the AGB are accompanied by either continuous or episodic mass-loss, with the final convulsion being the ejection of the envelope (the future planetary shell), the gradual exposure of the bare CO core and the rapid horizontal evolution to the blue in the H-R diagram. Thus, the structure of the planetary nebula luminosity function, particularly at the higher luminosities (although this phase is extremely rapid), is intimately tied to the luminosity function of the AGB.

scholarly journals Study of Mass-loss in the Planetary Nebula NGC 1514

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
B Aryal ◽  
A Mishra ◽  
R Weinberger
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fossil Records ◽  
Astronomical Satellite ◽  
Emission Nebula

The planetary nebula NGC 1514 is found to reside within giant dust structures which may represent fossil records of its progenitor's transition from spherically symmetric to bipolar mass loss. The transition from spherically symmetric Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) mass loss to aspherical Planetary Nebulae (PNe) is an intriguing problem of stellar astrophysics. On 12 μm maps of the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) we detected a huge (2.6pc) roundish emission nebula around the evolved PN NGC 1514. On 100 and 60 μm IRAS maps we additionally found two giant (1-2 pc) bipolar dust emission structures centered on NGC 1514. The total mass of all these structures is 2.2 ± 1.4 solar mases. We argue that NGC 1514 and its dusty surroundings represent the preserved history of the main mass loss phases of a star of intermediate initial mass. Key words: Interstellar medium; Infrared astronomy; Planetary nebula; Stars; Asymptotic giant branch DOI: 10.3126/sw.v5i5.2647 Scientific World, Vol. 5, No. 5, July 2007 6-9

scholarly journals The initial/final mass relation for stellar evolution with mass loss

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
Volker Weidemann
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
White Dwarf ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
White Dwarfs ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Universal Relation ◽  
Mass Relation ◽  
Theoretical Concepts

The relation between initial and final masses is discussed under consideration of changing theoretical concepts and new empirical data on masses of white dwarfs and nuclei of planetary nebulae. It is concluded that presently adopted schemes of evolution need revision, and that no universal relation exists.The strongest evidence for large amounts of mass loss during stellar evolution has been provided by the existence of white dwarfs – with masses typically of 0.6 m (m = M/Mʘ), much below the galactic turn-off masses – and by the phenomenon of planetary nebula production before a star descends into the white dwarf region.

scholarly journals Proto-Planetary Nebulae

2003 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce J. Hrivnak
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Central Stars

The study of proto-planetary nebulae (PPNs) leads to a better understanding of both the preceding asymptotic giant branch and the succeeding planetary nebula phases of stellar evolution. Recent results are reviewed, emphasizing the properties of the central stars and the shape and chemistry of the nebulae. The study of PPNs is seen to be important in its own right.

scholarly journals The IAC morphological catalog of Northern Galactic Planetary Nebulae

1997 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 24-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manchado ◽  
M. A. Guerrero ◽  
L. Stanghellini ◽  
M. Serra-Ricart
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Intermediate Mass ◽  
Evolutionary Scheme ◽  
Late Stages

Planetary Nebulae (PNs) are highly representative of the late stages of intermediate mass stellar evolution. However, there are still many unresolved questions in their evolutionary scheme. Mass loss processes during the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) are not fully understood. Binarity, rotation and magnetic fields may play an important role in PNs formation. The morphological study of PNs will help us to address those questions, and therefore a meaningful homogeneous database is needed.

scholarly journals Maser emission in planetary nebulae

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S242) ◽  
pp. 292-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Central Star ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Kinematic Modeling ◽  
Maser Emission ◽  
The Core ◽  
Unambiguous Detection

AbstractStars at the top of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) can exhibit maser emission from molecules like SiO, H2O and OH. These masers appear in general stratified in the envelope, with the SiO masers close to the central star and the OH masers farther out in the envelope. As the star evolves to the planetary nebula (PN) phase, mass-loss stops and ionization of the envelope begins, making the masers disappear progressively. The OH masers in PNe can be present in the envelope for periods of ~1000 years but the H2O masers can survive only hundreds of years. Then, H2O maser emission is not expected in PNe and its detection suggests that these objects are in a very particular moment of its evolution in the transition from AGB to PNe. We discuss the unambiguous detection of H2O maser emission in two planetary nebulae: K 3-35 and IRAS 17347-3139. The water-vapor masers in these PNe are tracing disk-like structures around the core and in the case of K3-35 the masers were also found at the tip of its bipolar lobes. Kinematic modeling of the H2O masers in both PNe suggest the existence of a rotating and expanding disk. Both PNe exhibit a bipolar morphology and in the particular case of K 3-35 the OH masers are highly polarized close to the core in a disk-like structure. All these observational results are consistent with the models where rotation and magnetic fields have been proposed to explain the asymmetries observed in planetary nebulae.

scholarly journals Observed Mass Loss from Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae

1993 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Perinotto
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Central Stars ◽  
Loss Rates

In the Introduction we recall the mass loss history of a progenitor of a planetary nebula (PN). Then we concentrate on the status of knowledge of fast winds in central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPN) : the detection and statistics, the observed edge velocities, relationships of the edge velocities with other stellar or nebular parameters. We then summarize the methods used to derive the mass loss rates associated to the fast winds, and review the determinations of the “observed” mass loss rates. The comparison with predictions from the radiation driven theory (RDT) is then discussed as well as possible lines for future improvements.

scholarly journals Full polarization VLBA maps of a proto-planetary nebula

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S242) ◽  
pp. 324-325
Author(s):  
Kim McAlpine ◽  
A.J. Kemball ◽  
J. L. Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Spherically Symmetric ◽  
Agb Stars ◽  
Vlbi Observations ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe morphological evolution of stars from the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) to the planetary nebula (PN) phases presents an intriguing problem in stellar research. Planetary nebulae show bright-rims, well-defined shell-like structures and a large proportion of them are axisymmetric. In contrast their progenitor AGB stars are largely spherically symmetric (Sahai, 2004). Studies of proto-planetary nebulae, which are objects in transition between these two phases of stellar evolution, offer insight into the mechanisms which are responsible for the onset of axisymmetry. This poster presents the first polarization VLBI observations of the 1612 MHz OH maser emission from the proto-planetary nebula candidate OH O.9+1.3. The morphology, kinematics and polarization properties of these masers are discussed.

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