The Morality of Thermonuclear Deterrence

Worldview ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
James W. Douglass
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Just War ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Defense Policy ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Military Procurement ◽  
Just War Doctrine ◽  
The Catholic Church

During last year's Military Procurement Authorization Hearings, a Senator requested that a speech relating current defense policy to the Christian just war doctrine be inserted into the record. He was quick to note, however, that he agreed only with some of the speaker's views on defense policy, not with the moral principles outlined: “You won't find them in any-doctrine in any church; in fact, the Catholic Church justifies the use of force to protect life and property.” Another Senator pointed out that the speech included the statement, “According to Christian doctrine the use of force to oppress evil can be justifiable under certain conditions,” and added the caution: “I would hope the implication is not that under certain other conditions it would be wrong to resist evil.“

scholarly journals Just War Tradition and the Popes: From Pius X to Francis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Erik Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Just War ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Just War Tradition ◽  
The Catholic Church

Which are the ways of knowing, understanding and justifying war by the Popes since the twentieth century? The Catholic Church has a long tradition to determine the need of wars, called the Christian just war founded by St. Augustine. Since the twentieth century, however, the popes have showed hesitation, contradiction and negligence towards just war approach.

Religion and Violence from Christian Theological Perspectives

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Kimball
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Just War ◽  
Just War Theory ◽  
First Century ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
The Third ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
City State ◽  
The City ◽  
The Catholic Church

This chapter reviews the movement from pacifism to Just War and Crusade. It also tries to demonstrate the ways prominent Catholic and Protestant leaders have harshly used violent measures within their communities, and determines contemporary manifestations of these three approaches among twenty-first-century Christians. The Crusades constitute the third type of response to war and peace among Christians, joining the ongoing Just War and pacifist traditions. The Inquisition within the Catholic Church and the city-state of Geneva under John Calvin's leadership within the emerging Protestant movement are elaborated. These examples show how pervasive the use of violence in the name of religion had become. The Just Peacemaking Paradigm is the alternative to pacifism and Just War theory, an effort that tries to change the focus to initiatives which can help prevent war and foster peace.

Must Just Peace and Just War Be Mutually Exclusive?

Horizons ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Just War ◽  
Just War Theory ◽  
Just Peace ◽  
The Catholic Church

In April 2016 Pax Christi International and the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace cosponsored the Nonviolence and Just Peace Conference at the Vatican. The conference issued an Appeal calling on the Catholic Church to make nonviolence and just peace central to its purpose, while also urging it to cease teaching or using just war theory. This roundtable consists of four perspectives from Catholic moral theologians who offer just-war responses to this Appeal.

scholarly journals FOXES IN THE HENHOUSE: LEGAL CRITIQUE TO THE “JUS BELLUM JUSTUM” DOCTRINE FOR HUMANITARIAN INTERVENTION THROUGH THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (59) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Henrique Jerônimo Bezerra MARCOS ◽  
Gustavo Rabay GUERRA
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Just War ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Just War Doctrine ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
United Nations Charter

ABSTRACT Objective: The paper presents a legal analysis of R2P in light of contemporary international law. It questions whether R2P is lawful as a just war (jus bellum justum) doctrine under international law, specifically under the general prohibition for the use of force pursuant to the Charter of the United Nations. The paper first analyzes the just war doctrine in light of international law; thereafter, there is a study of the legal framework for the use of force in the United Nations Charter; and, in a third step, the study of the R2P in legal light as a just war doctrine. Methodology: The research is executed through a deductive approach, its scientific objective is exploratory, and its research technique is a bibliographical and documentary survey. The methodological limit is in a legal approach of the subject from a normative perspective, focused on the legal validity of the institute under international law. Results: It is concluded from the study that R2P has legal flaws and does not stand against United Nations Charter regulation on the usage of force, notably the norm that states that the use of force in international relations is an exclusive responsibility of the United Nations Security Council. Contributions: The study shows its pertinence as an endeavor into a strictly legal analysis of a complex and highly political subject of humanitarian interventions. Keywords: Responsibility to protect; humanitarian intervention; just war doctrine; United Nations Security Council. RESUMO Objetivo: O artigo apresenta uma análise jurídica da R2P à luz do Direito Internacional contemporâneo; questiona se a R2P é juridicamente válida como uma doutrina de guerra justa (jus bellum justum) sob o Direito Internacional, especificamente à luz da proibição geral de uso da força de acordo com a Carta das Nações Unidas. Para tanto, o artigo analisa a doutrina da guerra justa à luz do Direito Internacional; em seguida, estuda o marco legal para o uso da força na Carta da ONU; e, em terceiro lugar, estuda a R2P como uma doutrina de guerra justa. Metodologia:A pesquisa é executada através de abordagem dedutiva, seu objetivo científico é exploratório e sua técnica de pesquisa é bibliográfica e documental. O limite metodologia é uma abordagem legal do seu objeto em uma perspectiva normativa com foco na validade legal do instituto à luz do Direito Internacional.Resultados: Conclui-se do estudo que a R2P tem falhas jurídicas e não se coaduna com a normativa da Carta das Nações Unidas sobre o uso da força, notadamente a norma que estabelece que o uso da força nas relações internacionais é uma responsabilidade quase exclusiva do Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas. Contribuições: O estudo mostra sua pertinência por se tratar de análise estritamente legal de um assunto complexo e altamente político que são as intervenções humanitárias. Palavras-chave: Responsabilidade de proteger; intervenção humanitária; doutrina da guerra justa; Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas.

scholarly journals PURGATORY: TO THE QUESTION OF GENESIS AND TRANSFORMATION (HISTORICAL AND RELIGIOUS STUDY ANALYSIS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Valerii Kuzev
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Religious Study ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
Theological Thought ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Satisfaction Model ◽  
The Catholic Church

The article is devoted to some issues of the formation and transformation of the purgatory doctrine in Catholic philosophical and theological thought. Two aspects of this phenomenon are considered: the probable influence of other religions on the formation of the Christian idea of purgatory and the regress of the retributive component in the concept of purgatory in the modern era. Through a historical-religious analysis the author tests the hypothesis about the influence of other religions on the formation of the Christian doctrine of purgatory. Particular attention is paid to the Zoroastrian idea of a separate place for the middle category of souls. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite a number of common features, the two doctrines reveal significant differences, which does not give us the right to speak about direct borrowing. In the second part of the article the question of regress of the concept of punitive retribution relative to purgatory is examined. The author reproduces the classical doctrinal system of the purgatory presented in Thomism and compares it with the variation of the doctrine that is represented in modern documents of the Catholic Church. The author holds the opinion that the doctrine of purgatory was formed in the environment of theological legalism and is by its nature a penitentiary concept. The classical concept of purgatory provides that purification is done through punishment. This concept may be called a "satisfaction model". However, in modern Catholic thought there is a departure from this model in favor of the other. The author claims that now the traditional retributive model of hell – and purgatory has always belonged to the infernal region – is experiencing its decline as a result of deep transformations in the ethical, axiological and legal sphere. Catholic doctrine of purgatory reflects a general tendency to eliminate the retributive element from infernology. According to modern documents of the Catholic Church, purgatory is now understood as a state/place where a person must experience the deep inner transformation necessary to join the divine being. This understanding of purgatory may be called the "sanctification model". Now the Catholic Church is trying to combine these approaches with a noticeable predominance of the second approach. The author believes that in the logical-rational area the indicated connection leads to an imbalance of the entire system, since there are serious internal differences between these approaches.

scholarly journals Verdsliggørelse à la française

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene Frølund Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
The Political ◽  
French Society ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Period 1880 ◽  
French Nation ◽  
The Catholic Church

This article - Laizication à la française - examines how the modern French state established a hostile and antagonistic relation to the Catholic Church and how this endeavour was partly fuelled by the 1789 Revolution. It is in particular the period 1880-1905 which is crucial for understanding this process of transformation because of the establishment of the modern French Nation during these years. The political laizication of the nation involves moral principles for the French society. As the French State puts itself in a direct anti-religious role, it also engenders a remarkable discrepancy between liberal principles of freedom and real politics. The relation between state and nation is key to understanding why the French state engaged in such a hostile confrontation with the Catholic Church.

The Holy See: The Government of the Catholic Church

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 779-816
Author(s):  
Tseday Gizaw Hailu
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
International Debate ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Vatican City ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The Government ◽  
City State ◽  
The Catholic Church

The Holy See ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (crc) in its dual personae as the government of the Catholic Church, and as the government of Vatican City State (vcs). The extent of the Holy See’s obligations under the crc in its former capacity is a current international debate, and the focus of this paper. The Committee on the Rights of the Child in its recent review process concluded that by ratifying the crc, the Holy See committed to its implementation, not only within the territory of vcs, but worldwide on behalf of Catholics “under its authority.” Conversely, the Holy See restricts its duty to that of the transmission of moral principles recognised in the crc to all people. This paper critically reviews the Committee’s concluding observations on the Holy See’s second periodic report, and ends by presenting possible alternatives to the Committee’s recommendations.

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