Synthetic approaches to cognitive neuroscience

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Sporns
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Organizational Levels ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Cognition and behavior are the result of neural processes occurring at multiple levels of organization. Synthetic computational approaches are capable of bridging the gaps between multiple organizational levels and contribute to our understanding of how neural structures give rise to specific dynamical states. Such approaches are indispensable for formulating the theoretical foundations of cognitive neuroscience.

Cognitive Neuroscience Approaches to Personality Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Poppe ◽  
Angus W. MacDonald III
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Behavior

This chapter describes a cognitive neuroscience approach to understanding the psychological and neural processes that underlie personality and behavior. It explicates the utility of the cognitive neuroscience approach and the fundamental principles of the methods and how to interpret the findings. The chapter reviews the different neuroimaging tools and approaches that can be used to investigate brain structure and function. In doing so, it provides detailed information about what each method measures and how issues to consider when evaluating these measurements and their functional significance. The chapter provides the reader an appreciation of how understanding brain structure and function in vivo can serve as a bridge between molecular/genetic and symptom-based data to enrich the pathophysiology of personality disorders.

The Cognitive Neuroscience Revolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-204
Author(s):  
Gualtiero Piccinini
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Neural Computation ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Philosophical Theory ◽  
Explanatory Framework ◽  
Scientific Explanations ◽  
Mechanistic Explanations ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
Multiple Levels

This chapter outlines a framework of multilevel neurocognitive mechanisms that incorporates neural representation and neural computation. Paradigmatic explanations in cognitive neuroscience fit this framework and thus cognitive neuroscience constitutes a break from traditional cognitive science. Whereas traditional cognitive scientific explanations were supposed to be distinct and autonomous from mechanistic explanations, neurocognitive explanations are mechanistic through and through. Neurocognitive explanations aim to integrate computational and representational functions and structures across multiple levels of organization in order to explain cognition. To a large extent, practicing cognitive neuroscientists have already accepted this shift, but philosophical theory has not fully acknowledged and appreciated its significance. As a result, the explanatory framework underlying cognitive neuroscience has remained largely implicit. This chapter explicates this framework and demonstrates its contrast with previous approaches.

Motivating and Retaining Festival Patronage

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-461
Author(s):  
Michelle (Myongjee) Yoo ◽  
Miranda Kitterlin-Lynch ◽  
Bomin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Customer Relationship Marketing ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Globally, festivals and host communities face increased competition each year from one another and from the myriad of alternate entertainment options. To remain competitive, festival organizers must fully understand what keeps festival attendees coming back year after year. Festivalscape has been an emerging concept of value in this arena, and previous studies have found that festivalscape has an effect on the attendees' emotion and behavior that influences their overall perceived value of the festival. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between festivalscape and the attendees' motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and a structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. Study results support the hypotheses, indicating the importance of using festivalscape factors for festival organization and management and effective customer relationship marketing. Further, this study provides academic contributions to theoretical foundations by confirming the effects of these factors. This study also provides practical implications for managing festivals effectively and successfully.

scholarly journals Special Issue: Neural Bases of Cognitive Processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Francesco Di Russo ◽  
Stefania Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Neural Bases ◽  
And Behavior

The main aim of Cognitive Neuroscience is investigating how brain functions lead to mental processes and behavior [...]

scholarly journals Considering the role of ecology on individual differentiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás Cabeza de Baca ◽  
Rafael Antonio Garcia ◽  
Michael Anthony Woodley of Menie ◽  
Aurelio José Figueredo
Keyword(s):  
Social Roles ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
Complex Societies ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Individual Differentiation ◽  
Strategic Differentiation ◽  
Integration Effort

AbstractOur commentary articulates some of the commonalities between Baumeister et al.'s theory of socially differentiated roles and Strategic Differentiation-Integration Effort. We expand upon the target article's position by arguing that differentiating social roles is contextual and driven by varying ecological pressures, producing character displacement not only among individuals within complex societies, but also across social systems and multiple levels of organization.

Evolutionary Perspectives on Parenting

2021 ◽  
pp. 2-25
Author(s):  
Tomás Cabeza de Baca ◽  
Bruce J. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Household Dynamics ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Evolutionary Perspectives

This chapter highlights parental behavior and household dynamics as one key set of factors that play a vital role in the regulation of development and behavior in children. It shows the benefits of using an evolutionary-developmental model and discusses fundamental points to consider when applying such a model to research. The application of Darwinian principles to domains of parenting and development provides a benefit to researchers by integrating the results of proximate-level research into a unified and interconnected framework. It also reorients within- and between-household differences in parenting as strategies molded by natural selection to maximize survival and reproduction under varied ecological circumstances. The chapter begins with a review of the theoretical foundations of evolutionary developmental psychology, followed by a brief explanation of methodological approaches used by developmentalists. It then looks at current research and future directions.

Empirical Research on Populations of Adaptive Individuals

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-153
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Organization Change ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Multiple Levels

This chapter studies how modeling supports empirical research. The benefit of integrating modeling and empirical research has long been recognized: theorists and modelers pose hypotheses that empirical researchers then design studies to test, and empirical research informs the development of new hypotheses. Such integration may be particularly valuable in frameworks that include multiple levels of organization, from individuals to populations to communities. But does working across levels of organization change the relationships of theory, modeling, and empirical research? What kinds of field and laboratory studies do we need, and at what levels of organization, to support modeling? The chapter assesses these questions. Thinking about the relation between modeling and empirical research requires one to address the entire process of model-based research, which is usefully characterized as a modeling cycle. The chapter then explores how the kind of modeling and theory development presented in this book can contribute to empirical studies and research.

scholarly journals Editorial: Multiple levels of analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANTE CICCHETTI ◽  
GERALDINE DAWSON
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Unified Field ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Single Discipline ◽  
First Time ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

In a recent article, Cowan, Harter, and Kandel (2000) concluded that much of the success and excitement engendered by modern neuroscience can be attributed to the incorporation of several previously independent disciplines into one intellectual framework. During the 1950s and 1960s, neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, neuropharmacology, and neurophysiology, disciplines that had largely functioned in a separate and distinct fashion, gradually merged into a unified field of neuroscience. The penultimate step in the coalescence of neuroscience occurred in the early 1980s, when neuroscience integrated with molecular biology and molecular genetics. The confluence of these fields enabled scientists to understand the genetic basis of neurological diseases for the first time without requiring foreknowledge of the underlying biochemical abnormalities. The final phase of the merger of neuroscience into a single discipline took place in the mid-1980s, when cognitive psychology joined with neuroscience, leading to the formation of cognitive neuroscience.

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