scholarly journals Beyond reduction with the representation: The need for causality with full complexity to unravel mental health

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Desseilles ◽  
Christophe Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Mental Phenomenon ◽  
Target Article

AbstractIn this commentary on Borsboom et al.’s target article, we argue that researchers should be aware of the historical development of models in neuroscience. Considering the importance of causality in anatomo-clinical approach and stressing the complexity of mental phenomenon, we provide new insight on reductionism and representation limitation.

scholarly journals Spirituality review on mental health and psychiatric nursing

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 5) ◽  
pp. 2323-2333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Lavorato Neto ◽  
Larissa Rodrigues ◽  
Diego Alexandre Rozendo da Silva ◽  
Egberto Ribeiro Turato ◽  
Claudinei José Gomes Campos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Psychiatric Nursing ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Theoretical Problem ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Professional Boundaries ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Spirituality And Religion

ABSTRACT Objective: Gather the concepts, theories and interventions about spirituality, its nature and functions in mental health and psychiatric nursing. Method: A literature review proceeded on February 2016. It has integrated 214 studies published until December 2015 by crossing Spirituality and Psychiatric Nursing mesh terms in databases. Results: Conceptualization about spirituality and religion, their complexity in nursing research, education, and clinical approach; their functions to human being correlated to the purpose of life, transcendental connections, and support in mental health; the professional boundaries in address to spirituality in mental health scenery, and a descriptive literature recommendations and a instruments catalog. Conclusions: Spirituality in nursing mental health and psychiatry remains a theoretical problem, and has a clinical mischaracterized approach; recently publications try to promote a human and holistic trend in the practice, as a challenge to lead the current circumstances to valid nursing bases.

Journey to diagnosis for women with autism

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dori Zener
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Autism Diagnosis ◽  
Mental Strain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Autism Phenotype

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the barriers that girls and women face in receiving an accurate and timely autism diagnosis. The journey to late-in-life diagnosis will be explored with a focus on mental health and well-being. The aim is to improve the awareness of the female autism phenotype to provide access to early identification and appropriate supports and services.Design/methodology/approachThe author’s clinical experience as an individual, couple and family therapist specializing in girls and women with autism informs the paper. Research on co-occurring mental health experience and diagnoses are reviewed and combined with case examples to outline the themes leading to and obscuring autism diagnosis.FindingsFemales with autism are less likely to be diagnosed or are identified much later than their male counterparts. Living with unidentified autism places significant mental strain on adults, particularly females. Achieving a late-in-life diagnosis is very valuable for adults and can improve self-awareness and access to limited support.Practical implicationsMental health professionals will develop a better understanding of the overlap between autism and psychiatric conditions and should consider autism in females who are seeking intervention.Originality/valueThis paper provides a clinical approach to working with autistic girls and women. This knowledge can complement the existing research literature and help build the foundation for a greater understanding of the female autism phenotype.

scholarly journals Service-users’ experiences of interpreters in psychological therapy: a pilot study

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverley Costa ◽  
Stephen Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Triangular Relationships ◽  
Negative Impacts

Purpose – Working across languages is playing an increasingly important role in the delivery of mental health services, notably through psychotherapy and psychological therapies. Growing awareness of the complex processes that ensue in working across languages, including the presence and role of an interpreter, is generating new conceptualisations of practice, but there is a need now to evidence how these impact on service users. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This paper discusses the model for working with interpretation developed by Mothertongue multi-ethnic counselling service, which conceptualises the therapeutic process as working within triangular relationships consisting of service user, therapist and interpreter. Second, the paper discusses the qualitative, practice-near methods applied in, and findings from a pilot study to evaluate the interpreter's role. Findings – Three patterns of response to interpreters were identified: negative impacts on the therapy, the interpreter as conduit for therapy and the therapist and interpreter jointly demonstrating a shared enterprise. It is concluded that the method and findings of the pilot justify a larger study that will further evaluate the experiences of service users and continue to develop and test conceptualisations for best practice. Originality/value – Working across languages is now recognised as an increasingly important aspect of therapy in contexts where migration has created new demographics. This paper contributes to the discussion of working therapeutically with people with mental health difficulties across languages. Its originality lies, first, in the discussion of a new clinical approach to working with interpreters, and second in the methods used to access the views of service users about their experiences of interpreters.

Role Transition from Mental Health Nurse to IAPT High Intensity Psychological Therapist

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Robinson ◽  
Stephen Kellett ◽  
Ingrid King ◽  
Val Keating
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Role Transition ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Mental Health Nurse ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Nurse

Background: The Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) initiative has depended on the training of a new NHS mental health workforce. At step 3 of the stepped care model, capacity building has required the recruitment of a wide range of mental health professionals into high intensity therapists training posts. This shift naturally entails role transition on the part of trainees into delivering cognitive behavioural psychotherapy (CBP), but no previous research has examined the experience of such transitions. Aim: To describe the lived experience of transition from mental health nurse to IAPT high intensity therapist and to identify possible factors which moderate effective role conversions. Method: Six qualified high intensity therapists were interviewed using a semi-structured interview and the subsequent interviews transcribed. Thematic content analysis (TCA) was used to analyze personal accounts of role transition. All participants had previously been mental health nurses and attended the same IAPT high intensity therapist (HIT) training programme. Results: Six key themes were apparent from the TCA. Three interconnected themes concerning supervision (style, impact of approach and historical context) and three additional themes of the challenge of learning a new clinical approach, high need for support, and forming a new psychotherapist identity. Conclusions: Findings suggest supervision is the most important factor in supporting complex psychotherapy role transitions. Clinical supervisors may need to incorporate dedicated time on role and identity shift during CBP training to ensure effective assimilation and transition. Methodological short-comings are identified and discussed.

The Art of Narrative Psychiatry

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
SuEllen Hamkins
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Narrative Therapy ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Justice Movements

Narrative psychiatry empowers patients to shape their lives through story. Rather than focusing only on finding the source of the problem, in this collaborative clinical approach psychiatrists also help patients diagnose and develop their sources of strength. By encouraging the patient to explore their personal narrative through questioning and story-telling, the clinician helps the patient participate in and discover the ways in which they construct meaning, how they view themselves, what their values are, and who it is exactly that they want to be. These revelations in turn inform clinical decision-making about what it is that ails them, how they'd like to treat it, and what recovery might look like. The Art of Narrative Psychiatry is the first comprehensive description of narrative psychiatry in action. Engaging and accessible, it demonstrates how to help patients cultivate their personal sources of strength and meaning as resources for recovery. Illustrated with vivid case reports and in-depth accounts of therapeutic conversations, the book offers psychiatrists and psychotherapists detailed guidance in the theory and practice of this collaborative approach. Drawing inspiration from narrative therapy, post-modern philosophy, humanistic medicine, and social justice movements - and replete with ways to more fully manifest the intentions of the mental health recovery model - this engaging new book shows how to draw on the standard psychiatric toolbox while also maintaining focus on the patient's vision of the world and illuminating their skills and strengths. Written by a pioneer in the field, The Art of Narrative Psychiatry describes a breadth of nuanced, powerful narrative practices, including externalizing problems, listening for what is absent but implicit, facilitating re-authoring conversations, fostering communities of support, and creating therapeutic documents. The Art of Narrative Psychiatry addresses mental health challenges that range from mild to severe, including anxiety, depression, despair, anorexia/bulimia, perfectionism, OCD, trauma, psychosis, and loss. True to form, the author narrates her own experience throughout, sharing her internal thoughts and decision-making processes as she listens to patients. The Art of Narrative Psychiatry is necessary reading for any professional seeking to empower their patients and become a better, more compassionate clinician.

Current appeal system for those detained in England and Wales under the Mental Health Act needs reform

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
Paul Gosney ◽  
Paul Lomax ◽  
Carwyn Hooper ◽  
Aileen O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Current System ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Mental Health Act ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

The approach to managing the involuntary detention of people suffering from psychiatric conditions can be divided into those with clinicians at the forefront of decision-making and those who rely heavily on the judiciary. The system in England and Wales takes a clinical approach where doctors have widespread powers to detain and treat patients involuntarily. A protection in this system is the right of the individual to challenge a decision to deprive them of their liberty or treat them against their will. This protection is provided by the First-tier Tribunal; however, the number of successful appeals is low. In this paper, the system of appeal in England and Wales is outlined. This is followed by a discussion of why so few patients successfully appeal their detention with the conclusion that the current system is flawed. A number of recommendations about how the system might be reformed are offered.

scholarly journals Psychological Care of Health Workers during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Report of an Occupational Health Department (AOUP) Responsible for Monitoring Hospital Staff Condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Buselli ◽  
Sigrid Baldanzi ◽  
Martina Corsi ◽  
Martina Chiumiento ◽  
Elena Del Lupo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Specific Protocol

The recent worldwide COVID-19 outbreak provided a timely demonstration of the mental health needs of health care workers on the front lines of the response to the pandemic. In addition to international guidelines, local institutions demand rapid and practical approaches easily replicable in different populations and contests. The principal aim of this paper is to highlight and share the experience of an Occupational Health Department responsible for monitoring hospital staff conditions during the SARS-COV-2 pandemic phase 1. The multidisciplinary team of the Occupational Health Department of a major university hospital in central Italy (AOUP) developed a specific protocol called PsicoCovid19 in order to provide targeted help, based on new psychosocial risk factors, to workers involved in the COVID-19 emergency to preserve hospital staff health. As of the date of this report, 106 workers (79 female, 27 male, mean age respectively, 51 ± 9.8, 45.7± 10.1) requested this service, reporting mild to moderate subjective distress. Approximately 81% of all the participants were already monitored before the outbreak of the pandemic. Among the total sample, 60% received a remodeling of a previous therapeutic program. Meanwhile, 7% passed from a psychiatric therapy to a combination therapy with the addition of a psychological treatment. The results demonstrate that those who asked for help were primarily female nurses who already presented with mental health vulnerabilities. A more gender-specific, clinical approach is needed.

scholarly journals Psychiatry in Gibraltar: in-patient statistics

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 717-719
Author(s):  
Ram Seth ◽  
Cecil Monegriffo ◽  
Michael Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
British Colonies

Gibraltar is one of the few remaining British colonies and the historical development of medical services on the Rock, named after its Moorish conqueror Gebel Tariq in AD 700, has been reviewed by Montegriffo (1978). The Rock provides a useful small community for studying the mental health of its population, being 1 × 3 miles in area and with a population of 29,166 (1986 census). The population has remained static for the last decade with the male/female ratio 15/14. There were 507 births, male/female ratio 254/253 and 290 deaths (154 males and 136 females, 1986 census). The age distribution has altered; the percentage over 65 years in 1970, 9.8% and in 1980, 11.2%.

scholarly journals Opportunities for emotion and mental health research in the resource-rationality framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan M. Russek ◽  
Rani Moran ◽  
Daniel McNamee ◽  
Andrea Reiter ◽  
Yunzhe Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Answering Questions

Abstract We discuss opportunities in applying the resource-rationality framework toward answering questions in emotion and mental health research. These opportunities rely on characterization of individual differences in cognitive strategies; an endeavor that may be at odds with the normative approach outlined in the target article. We consider ways individual differences might enter the framework and the translational opportunities offered by each.

Madness and Literature

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
History Of Literature ◽  
Favourite Topic

Mental illness has been a favourite topic for authors throughout the history of literature, and, conversely, psychologists and psychiatrists like Sigmund Freud and Karl Jaspers have been interested in and influenced by literature. Pioneers within philosophy, psychiatry and literature share the endeavour to explore and explain the human mind and behaviour, including what a society deems as being outside perceived normality. This volume engages with literature’s multifarious ways of probing minds and bodies in a state of ill mental health. To encompass this diversity, the theoretical approach is eclectic and transdisciplinary. The cases and the theory are in dialogue with a clinical approach, addressing issues and diagnoses such as trauma, psychosis, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, self-harm, hoarding disorder, PTSD and Digital Sexual Assault. The volume has three parts. Chapters in Part I address literary representations of madness with a historical awareness, outlining the socio-political potentials of madness literature. Part II investigates how representations of mental illness can provide a different way of understanding what it is like to experience alternative states of mind, as well as how theoretical concepts from studies in literature can supplement the language of psychopathology. The chapters in Part III explore ways to apply literary cases in clinical practice. Throughout the book, the contributors explore and explain how the language and discourses of literature (stylistically and theoretically) can teach us something new about what it means to be in ill mental health.

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