Group Cognitive Therapy for Depression Produces Clinically Significant Reliable Change in Community-based Settings

AbstractThe current study investigated the ability of CogniScreen to differentiate older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from those reporting symptoms of depression. Participants included 140 community-based adults (30 MCI, 15 self-rated depressed, and 95 typical older adults) aged 50–89 years. Intergroup comparisons performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses suggest tasks within CogniScreen are sensitive to clinically significant memory loss. Data provided partial support for some CogniScreen tasks to also differentiate individuals with MCI from those who are depressed. Results suggest CogniScreen may be potentially useful in screening older adults for early cognitive decline.

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Do children from community-based parent training programs have clinically significant behavior problems?

Journal of Community Psychology ◽

10.1002/1520-6629(199301)21:1<56::aid-jcop2290210107>3.0.co;2-n ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 56-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Patrick C. Friman ◽

Stephen H. Soper ◽

Ronald W. Thompson ◽

Daniel L. Daly

Keyword(s):

Behavior Problems ◽

Parent Training ◽

Training Programs ◽

Community Based ◽

Parent Training Programs ◽

Clinically Significant

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Risk and resilience during COVID-19: A new study in the Zigler paradigm of developmental science

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579420001388 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Suniya S. Luthar ◽

Ashley M. Ebbert ◽

Nina L. Kumar

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

High Stress ◽

Well Being ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Risk And Resilience ◽

Community Based ◽

Science And Policy ◽

Mixed Methods Approach ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Home And School

Abstract When children are exposed to serious life adversities, Ed Zigler believed that developmental scientists must expediently strive to illuminate the most critical directions for beneficial interventions. In this paper, we present a new study on risk and resilience on adolescents during COVID-19, bookended – in introductory and concluding discussions – by descriptions of programmatic work anchored in lessons learned from Zigler. The new study was conducted during the first two months of the pandemic, using a mixed-methods approach with a sample of over 2,000 students across five high schools. Overall, rates of clinically significant symptoms were generally lower as compared to norms documented in 2019. Multivariate regressions showed that the most robust, unique associations with teens’ distress were with feelings of stress around parents and support received from them. Open ended responses to three questions highlighted concerns about schoolwork and college, but equally, emphasized worries about families’ well-being, and positive outreach from school adults. The findings have recurred across subsequent school assessments, and strongly resonate with contemporary perspectives on resilience in science and policy. If serious distress is to be averted among youth under high stress, interventions must attend not just to the children's mental health but that of salient caregiving adults at home and school. The article concludes with some specific recommendations for community-based initiatives to address mental health through continued uncertainties of the pandemic.

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ONE YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF COGNITIVE THERAPY, ANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY AND ANXIETY MANAGEMENT TRAINING FOR GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER: SYMPTOM CHANGE, MEDICATION USAGE AND ATTITUDES TO TREATMENT

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s1352465899271056 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 19-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Robert C. Durham ◽

Peter L. Fisher ◽

Linda R. Trevling ◽

Cathryn M. Hau ◽

Karen Richard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Cognitive Therapy ◽

Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽

Management Training ◽

Generalized Anxiety ◽

Medication Usage ◽

Anxiety Management ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

One Year

A one year follow-up is reported of a randomized clinical trial with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in which the main comparison was between analytic psychotherapy (AP) and cognitive therapy (CT), each delivered at weekly or fortnightly intervals over a six month period. CT was found to be significantly more effective than AP. However, GAD is a chronic and relapsing condition and follow-up data are needed to assess the durability of improvement and the possibility that the benefits of analytic psychotherapy may be more apparent over the longer term. Data were collected in three areas: (1) symptomatology and overall improvement; (2) medication usage and contact with GPs; and (3) attitudes to therapy. CT was clearly superior to AP on the main outcome measures and only a minority of AP patients made significant improvements. CT but not AP was associated with significant reductions in medication usage, and patients receiving CT were generally more positive about treatment received. Differences between treatments were less evident in the less intensive treatment condition where overall results were relatively poor. The most positive outcomes were achieved in the more intensive CT condition in which approximately two-thirds of patients achieved clinically significant improvements.

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Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Attenuates Default-Mode Network Connectivity in Patients With Clinically Significant Anhedonia

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.02.514 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 87 (9) ◽

pp. S197

Author(s):

Paul Cernasov ◽

Jessica Kinard ◽

Rachel Phillips ◽

Tate Halverson ◽

Rachel Greene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Therapy ◽

Default Mode Network ◽

Network Connectivity ◽

Default Mode ◽

Clinically Significant

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The Assessment of Clinically Significant Change Using the Life Skills Profile

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.3109/00048679709073829 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 257-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Tom Trauer ◽

Robert A. Duckmanton ◽

Edmond Chiu

Keyword(s):

Life Skills ◽

Public Mental Health ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Community Based ◽

Clinically Significant Change ◽

Community Tenure ◽

Significant Change ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Changes Over Time ◽

Better Than

Objective: In the context of the need to develop practical outcome measures, the present study aimed to assess the sensitivity of the Life Skills Profile (LSP) in terms of differences between hospital-based and community-based clients, and to assess the sensitivity of the LSP to changes over time. In this way, criteria could be established whereby the LSP could be used to determine appropriate changes in locus of care, both in terms of the ‘cut-off’ for hospital-based and community-based tenure, and the level of ‘clinically significant change’ in functioning. Method: The LSP was administered at 3-monthly intervals to 200 clients of an area public mental health service with serious mental illness over a 21-month period. Locus of care (hospital or community) was noted at each administration. Results: Clients in the community scored significantly better than those in hospital, however there was a great deal of overlap. Using hospital or community tenure as the variable of interest, a measure of reliable and clinically significant change over a 3-month period based on the LSP was developed. A total LSP score of 116.5 or above best discriminated clients in the community from those in hospital, and a difference of 18 points or more in two LSP obtained 3 months apart was unlikely to have arisen by chance. A simple, two-part criterion of significant change based on these results showed 89% accuracy in matching transition (or lack of transition) between hospital and community with changes in LSP scores. Conclusions: The results need to be understood within the methodological limitations of the present study. The findings provide users of the LSP with guidelines for the interpretation of repeat assessments. This may encourage more services to use formal reassessment methods to monitor the progress of their clients.

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Life Minus Violence-Enhanced (LMV-E) with women in custody: single-case experimental design

Journal of Criminological Research Policy and Practice ◽

10.1108/jcrpp-08-2019-0055 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 295-306

Author(s):

Annette McKeown ◽

Sarah McCrory

Keyword(s):

Single Case ◽

Baseline Period ◽

Small Sample ◽

Indirect Aggression ◽

Reliable Change ◽

Content Type ◽

Baseline Design ◽

Psychometric Measures ◽

Clinically Significant

Purpose The purpose of this single-case experimental design paper is to examine the efficacy of the high-dosage Life Minus Violence – Enhanced (LMV-E) programme with a small sample of four violent women in custody. All participants were undertaking LMV-E as one component of their treatment pathway in an Offender Personality Disorder (OPD) treatment service for women with personality disorder. The methodology employed an AB baseline design with a six-month baseline period, nine-month treatment period and six-month follow-up. Levels of direct and indirect aggression were recorded throughout the baseline, intervention, and follow-up period. In the follow-up period, women were engaging in further treatment. Psychometric measures linked to treatment domains were used to explore clinically significant and reliable change following the intervention. Clinical and reliable change was indicated in some treatment domains for each participant following the intervention. The pattern of these reductions varied between the women. The patterns of findings are discussed and recommendations presented. Design/methodology/approach The methodology employed an AB baseline design with a six-month baseline period, nine-month treatment period and six-month follow-up. Levels of direct and indirect aggression were recorded throughout the baseline, intervention and follow-up period. In the follow-up period, women were engaging in further treatment. Psychometric measures linked to treatment domains were used to explore clinically significant and reliable change following the intervention. Findings Clinical and reliable change was indicated in some treatment domains for each participant following the intervention. The pattern of these reductions varied between the female offenders. The patterns of findings are discussed and recommendations presented. Practical implications The LMV-E programme was associated with some positive improvements in treatment domains measured in a small sample of female violent offenders. Improvements to some degree were most commonly found in the domains of anger, emotional control and components of criminal thinking. It would be clinically useful to examine characteristics of individuals that appear to benefit most from particular interventions. Originality/value There are no existing published findings related to the implementation of LMV-E with females. Therefore, this paper provides preliminary contribution to the evidence base in this area.

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Serum Iron Abnormalities in Neuroleptic-Induced Akathisia in Schizophrenic Patients

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.163.5.669 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 163 (5) ◽

pp. 669-672 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Som D. Soni ◽

David Tench ◽

R. C. Routledge

Keyword(s):

Serum Iron ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Iron Status ◽

Current Treatment ◽

Positive Symptoms ◽

Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽

Community Based ◽

Duration Of Illness ◽

Schizophrenic Patients ◽

Clinically Significant

Twenty-two schizophrenic patients (DSM-III-R criteria) with clinically significant akathisia were matched with 22 schizophrenic patients without akathisia on the following variables: age, sex, diagnosis, duration of illness, and current treatment. Both groups were assessed using a variety of clinical rating scales and several parameters of serum iron status. The akathisic patients showed greater severity of clinical psychopathology, particularly positive symptoms, and an excess of extrapyramidal side-effects. We were unable to confirm any association between low serum iron and neuroleptic-induced akathisia in our sample of community-based patients.

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