Understanding rationales for collaboration in high-intensity policy conflicts

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Weible ◽  
Tanya Heikkila ◽  
Jonathan Pierce
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Policy Actor ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Shared Beliefs ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Policy Conflicts

AbstractWhy people collaborate to achieve their political objectives is one enduring question in public policy. Although studies have explored this question in low-intensity policy conflicts, a few have examined collaboration in high-intensity policy conflicts. This study asks two questions: What are the rationales motivating policy actors to collaborate with each other in high-intensity policy conflicts? What policy actor attributes are associated with these rationales? This study uses questionnaire data collected in 2013 and 2014 of policy actors from New York, Colorado and Texas who are actively involved with hydraulic fracturing policy debates. The results show that professional competence is the most important rationale for collaborating, whereas shared beliefs are moderately important, and financial resources are not important. Policy actor attributes that are associated with different rationales include organisational affiliation and extreme policy positions. This article concludes with a discussion on advancing theoretical explanations of collaboration in high-intensity policy conflicts.

scholarly journals The strategic uses of evidence in UK e-cigarettes policy debates

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Hawkins ◽  
Stefanie Ettelt
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Base ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Bodies Of Evidence ◽  
The Uk

<sec id="st1"> Background Current debates on e-cigarette policy in the UK are highly acrimonious and are framed in terms of evidence-based policymaking.</sec> <sec id="st2"> Aims and objectives The article aims to understand the use of evidence in policymaking in the context of both political controversy and limited policy-relevant evidence via a case study of UK e-cigarette debates.</sec> <sec id="st3"> Methods The study draws on a series of semi-structured interviews with policy actors to examine their positions on e-cigarette policy process and their use of evidence to support this.</sec> <sec id="st4"> Findings Policy actors articulate a strong commitment to evidence-based policymaking and claim that their positions are evidence-based. Some actors also claim emerging consensus around their positon as a rhetorical tool in the debate. Respondents argued that actors adopting opposing policy positions fail to follow the evidence base. This is attributed to a lack of understanding or disregard for the relevant evidence for political or ideological reasons.</sec> <sec id="st5"> Discussion Respondents adhere to a rationalist understanding of policymaking in which policy disputes can be settled by recourse to ‘the evidence’. Interpretative policy analysis suggests that multiple legitimate framings of policy issues, supported by different bodies of evidence, are possible. Policy differences are thus not due to bad faith but to policy actors framing the issue at stake in different terms and thus advocating different policy responses.</sec> <sec id="st6"> Conclusions Process of ‘frame reflection’ may help to overcome the acrimony of current policy leading to more effective engagement by public health actors in the e-cigarettes policy debates.</sec>

Mapping Public Housing: The Case of New York City

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvin Wyly ◽  
James DeFilippis
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
York City ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Housing Subsidy ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Policy Debates

In American popular discourse and policy debates, “public housing” conjures images of “the projects”—dysfunctional neighborhood imprints of a discredited welfare state. Yet this image, so important in justifying deconcentration, is a dangerous caricature of the diverse places where low–income public housing residents live, and it ignores a much larger public housing program—the $100 billion–plus annual mortgage interest tax concessions to (mostly) wealthy homeowners. in this article, we measure three spatial aspects of assisted housing, poverty, and wealth in New York City. First, local indicators of spatial association document a contingent link between assistance and poverty: vouchers are not consistently associated with poverty deconcentration. Second, spatial regressions confirm this result after controlling for racial segregation and spatial autocorrelation. Third, factor analyses and cluster classifications reveal a rich, complex neighborhood topography of poverty, wealth, and housing subsidy that defies the simplistic stereotypes of policy and popular discourse.

scholarly journals New York Times Coverage of Presidential Campaigns

2005 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Benoit ◽  
Kevin A. Stein ◽  
Glenn J. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Presidential Campaigns ◽  
Horse Race ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Campaign Coverage ◽  
Campaign Messages

This study investigates New York Times coverage of the Democratic and Republican general presidential campaigns from 1952–2000. Content analysis reveals that the most common topic of campaign coverage was horse race. Discussion of the candidates' character was more common than discussion of their policy positions (even though candidates discuss policy more than character in campaign messages). The statements in these stories were more often negative than positive (despite the fact that candidates' messages are more positive than negative). Reporters are the most common sources for the statements in these articles, followed by candidates, supporters, and others.

6. CanMEDSification: The role of postgraduate medicine office in supporting the learning and teaching of CanMEDs Roles

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
S. Glover Takahashi ◽  
S. Verma ◽  
L. Muharuma ◽  
R. Zulla
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Faculty Development ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Postgraduate Medical Education ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Development Initiatives ◽  
The University ◽  
Postgraduate Medicine

The Postgraduate Medical Education Office at the University of Toronto has implemented a range of faculty development initiatives targeted at supporting the full implementation of CanMEDS roles and competencies in the day to day learning, teaching and evaluation of residents across the highly distributed postgraduate medicine training programs. In October 2005, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) released a revised version of the CanMEDS roles. In June 2006, the RCPSC accreditation standards for postgraduate medicine changed some standards which result in an increased expectation of implementation of the CanMEDS roles in teaching and evaluation of residency programs. From 2005 to 2007, there have been numerous initiatives by the Postgraduate Medical Education Office to support the understanding and implementation of the CanMEDS roles into the learning, evaluation and outcomes of postgraduate training at the University of Toronto. The PGME Office supported the ‘CanMEDSification’ or integration of the CanMEDS framework by: 1) Supporting the development of teacher/faculty teaching and evaluation resources; 2) Providing faculty development in the understanding of these competencies; 3) Providing explicit program feedback through the Internal Review process The CanMEDS roles have been widely integrated into teaching and evaluation at the University of Toronto. The high attendance rates at workshops and positive workshop evaluations indicate the value of centralized faculty development initiatives and also indicate an increasing confidence in using CanMEDS. The workshop evaluations also indicate a need for additional faculty development in evaluating the non Medical Expert roles. Shorter E. Oxford English Dictionary (5th ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2002. Harris, IB. Deliberative inquiry: The arts of planning. in E.C. Short (ed.), Forms of curriculum inquiry. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991; 285-307. Harris, IB. New expectations for professional competence. In L. Curry & J. F. Wergin (Eds.), Educating professionals: Responding to new expectations for competence and accountability. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1993; 17-52.

scholarly journals Dietary supplement use among participants of a databank and biorepository at a comprehensive cancer centre

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 916-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
LeQuyen Luc ◽  
Charlotte Baumgart ◽  
Edward Weiss ◽  
Lesley Georger ◽  
Christine B Ambrosone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Cancer Centre ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Centre

AbstractObjectiveWe assessed the prevalence, patterns and predictors of dietary supplement use among participants of the databank and biorepository (DBBR) at a comprehensive cancer centre in western New York.DesignArchived epidemiological questionnaire data were obtained from the DBBR at Roswell Park Cancer Institute. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression explored the prevalence, patterns and predictors of lifetime use of four common supplements (multivitamins, vitamin C, vitamin E and calcium) and use of multivitamins, sixteen single vitamins/minerals and eighteen herbal/specialty supplements within the previous 10 years.SettingWestern New York, USA.SubjectsDBBR participants (n 8096) enrolled between December 2003 and July 2012 were included in these analyses: 66·9 % (n 5418) with cancer, 65·6 % (n 5309) women, mean age for patients v. cancer-free controls 59·9 (sd 12·6) years and 50·7 (sd 15·4) years, respectively.ResultsOverall, 54·4 % of DBBR participants reported lifetime use of one or more supplements and 63·1 % reported use of one or more supplements within the previous 10 years (excluding multivitamins). Multivitamin use was high in this sample (lifetime: 64·1 %; 10 years: 71·3 %; current: 51·8 %). Supplementation was higher among cancer-free controls than cancer patients. Vitamin C, calcium and fish oil were the most common single vitamin, mineral and specialty product, respectively.ConclusionsA consistently high and increasing proportion of dietary supplement use over time remains clear. Supplementation is prevalent among cancer patients and may even be higher than predicted in cancer-free individuals. Further studies should assess the safety and efficacy of specific supplements in reducing disease risk.

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