scholarly journals Hands-On Astrophysics: Variable Stars for Astronomy Education and Development

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Janet A. Mattei ◽  
John R. Percy
Keyword(s):  
Variable Stars ◽  
International Database ◽  
Astronomy Education ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Astronomical Research ◽  
University Level ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
Classroom Use

AbstractAmateur astronomers, and students, can contribute to astronomical research by measuring the brightness of variable stars. Hands-On Astrophysics (HOA) is a project which uses the unique methods and the International Database of the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) to develop and integrate a wide range of science, mathematical and computer skills, through the measurement and analysis of variable stars. It is very flexible and can be used at many levels, in many contexts — for classroom use from high school to university level, or for individual projects. In this paper we describe HOA, and how it can be used to promote international astronomy education and development, through research-based science education.

scholarly journals Commission 38 (Exchange of astronomers) and Commission 46 (Teaching of astronomy): two commissions that played a unique role in the history and development of the IAU

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S349) ◽  
pp. 374-387
Author(s):  
John B. Hearnshaw
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Working Group ◽  
International School ◽  
Astronomy Education ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Hands On ◽  
History Of ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
General Secretary ◽  
Active Change

AbstractThe founding and development of two commissions of the IAU that played a unique role in IAU history are traced. Commission 38 for the Exchange of astronomers was founded in 1946 with Frederick Stratton as first president, and it expended funds (initially granted by UNESCO) for astronomers to travel on exchange visits. Commission 46 for the Teaching of astronomy was founded in 1964 with Evry Schatzmann as first president. This was a time of rapidly growing interest in the IAU for teaching astronomy and in due course for promoting astronomy in developing countries. For a while, both commissions operated under the wing of the Executive Committee. Their role was unique as they were the only IAU commissions to have their own budget, as well as aspiring to bring about social change in the astronomical community. By 2000 both commissions merged into C46 (Astronomy education and development) and by that time various programmes such as the International School for Young Astronomers (ISYA), the working group World-wide Development of Astronomy (WWDA) and the working group Teaching Astronomy for Development (TAD), which grew out of the Visiting Lecturers’ Program (VLP), were all run by C46. When the IAU established the Office of Astronomy for Development in 2011, many of these functions were removed from the commission and in any case C46 ceased to exist in 2015 when all the old commissions were disestablished. In 2015 the Office for Young Astronomers took over the running of the ISYA. The history of C38 and C46 represents a time of active change in the way the IAU was engaging with people. It was more than just a union for scientific research, but in the world of scientific unions, it was remarkable for taking an active hands-on role in implementing social change. In the history of these two commissions, the Swiss astronomer Edith Müller played a leading dynamic role. She served as president of C46 (1967-73), of C38 (1985-88) as well as IAU General Secretary (1976-79).

scholarly journals Astronomy for international development

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S260) ◽  
pp. 539-546
Author(s):  
George Miley
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
International Development ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Global State ◽  
Astronomy Education ◽  
Astronomical Research ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Education And Development

AbstractThis review deals with the importance of astronomy for international development a nd capacity building. I shall summarize the present global state of astronomical research and education and describe current global astronomy education and development programs being carried out by the IAU and others. A decadal strategic plan will be described that envisages a substantial increase in IAU education and development activities during the next decade.

scholarly journals Measurement and analysis of gas-puff density distributions for plasma radiation source z pinches

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. MOSHER ◽  
B.V. WEBER ◽  
B. MOOSMAN ◽  
R.J. COMMISSO ◽  
P. COLEMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Source ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Plasma Radiation ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Radiation Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Measurement And Analysis

High-sensitivity interferometry measurements of initial density distributions are reviewed for a wide range of gas-puff nozzles used in plasma radiation source (PRS) z-pinch experiments. Accurate gas distributions are required for determining experimental load parameters, modeling implosion dynamics, understanding the radiation properties of the stagnated pinch, and for predicting PRS performance in future experiments. For a number of these nozzles, a simple ballistic-gas-flow model (BFM) has been used to provide good physics-based analytic fits to the measured r, z density distributions. These BFM fits provide a convenient means to smoothly interpolate radial density distributions between discrete axial measurement locations for finer-zoned two-dimensional MHD calculations, and can be used to determine how changes in nozzle parameters and load geometry might alter implosion dynamics and radiation performance. These measurement and analysis techniques are demonstrated for a nested-shell nozzle used in Double Eagle and Saturn experiments. For this nozzle, the analysis suggests load modifications that may increase the K-shell yield.

Solid State Materials Chemistry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Woodward ◽  
Pavel Karen ◽  
John S. O. Evans ◽  
Thomas Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Specific Property ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Materials Chemistry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Hands On Learning ◽  
Extended Solids ◽  
Core Concepts

This comprehensive textbook provides a modern, self-contained treatment for upper undergraduate and graduate level students. It emphasizes the links between structure, defects, bonding, and properties throughout, and provides an integrated treatment of a wide range of materials, including crystalline, amorphous, organic and nano- materials. Boxes on synthesis methods, characterization tools, and technological applications distil specific examples and support student understanding of materials and their design. The first six chapters cover the fundamentals of extended solids, while later chapters explore a specific property or class of material, building a coherent framework for students to master core concepts with confidence, and for instructors to easily tailor the coverage to fit their own single semester course. With mathematical details given only where they strengthen understanding, 400 original figures and over 330 problems for hands-on learning, this accessible textbook is ideal for courses in chemistry and materials science.

scholarly journals Astronomical Research and Outreach in Georgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
M. Todua ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Physics ◽  
Space Physics ◽  
State University ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Near Space ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Solar System Bodies ◽  
Astronomical Research ◽  
Under Construction

Interest in astronomy has been significantly increased in Georgia. As a result, the development of astronomical research, education and public outreach are in progress. In Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory - a research institution at Ilia State University - the observational and theoretical studies comprise a wide range of topics in astronomy and adjacent fields: solar system bodies, solar physics, stellar and extragalactic astronomy, theoretical astrophysics, cosmology, atmospheric and near space physics. Georgian scientists are involved in wide international collaboration and participate in a number of networks and projects. Astronomical education at bachelor, master and doctoral levels are held at Ilia University. PhD programs are also offered at other universities. In 2018, under the financial support of the World Bank and Georgian government, the renovation of Abastumani Observatory has been started. International conferences and workshops have been carried out in Georgia. Excursions at the Observatory and public lectures in astronomy throughout the country are carried out. Amateur astronomers organize astronomical events. A private observatory is under construction near Tbilisi. All these puts better perspective for future development of astronomy in Georgia.

Teaching TCP/IP Network Fundamentals to Undergraduates Using Practical Exercises

2008 ◽  
pp. 205-215
Author(s):  
Nurul I. Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Student Feedback ◽  
Computer Networking ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Ip Network ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lecture Format ◽  
Classroom Use

Motivating students to learn TCP/IP network fundamentals is often difficult because students find the subject rather technical when it is presented using a lecture format. To overcome this problem we have prepared some hands-on exercises (practicals) that give students a practical learning experience in TCP/IP networking. The practicals are designed around a multi-user, multi-tasking operating system and are suitable for classroom use in undergraduate TCP/IP networking courses. The effectiveness of these practicals has been evaluated both formally by students and informally in discussion within the teaching team. The implementation of the practicals was judged to be successful because of the positive student feedback and that students improved their test results. This chapter describes the practicals and their impact on student learning and comprehension, based on the author’s experiences in undergraduate computer networking courses.

scholarly journals Heated-Tip AFM: Applications in Nanocomposite Polymer Membranes and Energetic Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Jason P. Killgore ◽  
William King ◽  
Kevin Kjoller ◽  
René M. Overney
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Measurement Capability ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Nanocomposite Polymer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Nanoscale Topography ◽  
Temperature Controlled

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a key technique for the measurement and analysis of samples when nanoscale topography is of interest. It offers a number of complementary probing modes that extend an AFM's measurement capability to a wide range of material and transport properties of surfaces, including hardness, friction, conductivity and adhesion among others. Sample temperature controlled AFM extends the study of surface morphology and properties to include changes in the material phases.Recently, silicon microfabricated AFM cantilevers that have integrated heaters, as shown in figure 1, have become commercially available. These cantilevers were initially developed for probe based data storage by researchers at IBM Zurich, Figure 1. With the availability of these cantilevers, AFM measurements can be performed where the tip is heated as opposed to the sample.

Morphosyntactic accuracy in the written compositions of advanced university level students of French

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Mogilevski ◽  
Jack L. Burston
Keyword(s):  
Processing Instruction ◽  
Focus On Form ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
University Level ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Error Classification ◽  
Linguistic Categories ◽  
French Grammar ◽  
Written Compositions ◽  
Classroom Use

This article investigates the morphosyntactic accuracy of second year examination compositions written by advanced level students of French. The study provides a detailed error analysis of 212 compositions done on the basis of an error classification system consisting of twenty-two linguistic categories. The findings derived from this data highlight areas where students’ linguistic competence is at its weakest, and the rate of progress made by students from one semester to another. More specifically, they present the problem of linguistic accuracy, or rather lack thereof, as widespread, deeply engrained, and worthy of serious attention. The outcome of this investigation leads to a discussion of practical and theoretical explanations for our students’ lack of morphosyntactic accuracy and to a consideration of ways of reducing orthographic and grammatical imprecision. The effectiveness of focus on form is examined, with particular reference to processing instruction linked to the classroom use of the French grammar checker Le Correcteur 101.

Data-Based Decision-Making

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Carter ◽  
Jennifer Stephenson ◽  
Sarah Carlon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Student Outcomes ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Classroom Use ◽  
Data Based Decision Making

The term data-based decision-making can refer to a wide range of practices from formative classroom use of monitoring in order to improve instruction to system-wide use of “big” data to guide educational policy. Within the context of special education, a primary focus has been on the formative classroom use of data to guide teachers in improving instruction for individual students. For teachers, this typically involves the capacity to (1) determine what data need to be collected to appropriately monitor the skill being taught, (2) collect that data, (3) interpret the data and make appropriate decisions, and (4) implement changes as needed. A number of approaches to such data-based decision-making have evolved, including precision teaching, curriculum-based assessment, and curriculum-based measurement. Evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses indicates instruction incorporating data-based decision-making has positive effects on outcomes for students with special education needs although the size of these effects has been variable. While the extent of the research base is modest, there are indications that some specific factors may be related to this variability. For example, the use of decision-making rules and graphic display of data appears to improve student outcomes and the frequency of data collection may differentially affect improvement. The presence and frequency of support offered to teachers may also be important to student outcomes. There is a need to increase our research base examining data-based decision-making and, more specifically, a need to more clearly define and characterize moderators that contribute to its effectiveness. In addition, there is a case for research on the wider use of data on student outcomes to inform broader policy and practice.

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