scholarly journals Plastic plasma as a compressor of aluminum plasma at the PALS experiment

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kasperczuk ◽  
T. Pisarczyk ◽  
T. Chodukowski ◽  
Z. Kalinowska ◽  
S.Yu. Gus'kov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Spot ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Plasma Pressure ◽  
Plasma Stream ◽  
Harmonic Frequency ◽  
Third Harmonic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Facility ◽  
Aluminum Plasma

AbstractIn our earlier papers, we demonstrated that plasma pressure decreases with the growing atomic number of the target material. That experimentally confirmed fact brought about a question whether it would be possible to collimate the Al plasma outflow by using plastic plasma as a compressor. To prove that idea we used in our next experiments a plastic target with an Al cylindrical insert of 400 µm in diameter. The measurements were carried out at the Prague Asterix Laser System iodine laser facility. The laser provided a 250 ps (full width at half maximum (FWHM)) pulse with energy of 130 J at the third harmonic frequency (λ3 = 0.438 µm). The focal spot diameters (ΦL) 800, 1000, and 1200 µm ensured predominance of the plastic plasma amount high enough for the effective Al plasma compression. To study the Al plasma stream propagation and its interaction with plastic plasma a three-frame interferometric system and an X-ray camera were used. The experiment provided a proof that creation of the collimated Al plasma jet by action of outer plastic plasma is feasible. In order to discuss of the experimental results a thorough theoretical analysis was carried out.

scholarly journals Interferometric investigations of influence of target irradiation on the parameters of laser-produced plasma jets

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kasperczuk ◽  
T. Pisarczyk ◽  
S. Borodziuk ◽  
J. Ullschmied ◽  
E. Krousky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Spot ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Plasma Jets ◽  
Plasma Expansion ◽  
Third Harmonic ◽  
Fundamental Process ◽  
Laser Produced Plasma ◽  
Laser Facility ◽  
Planar Target

Our recent experimental results demonstrate that the formation of plasma jets is a fundamental process accompanying the laser produced plasma expansion, if a massive planar target with relatively high atomic number is irradiated by a defocused laser beam. In this paper some new results on the influence of target irradiation conditions on plasma jet parameters are presented. The experiment was carried out at the PALS iodine laser facility, with the third harmonic beam of the pulse duration of 250 ps (FWHM). The beam energies varied in the range of 13–160 J, the focal spot radii in the range of 35–600 µm. The planar massive targets used in the experiment were made of Cu, Ag and Ta. For measurements of the electron density evolution a three frame interferometric system was employed. The jets were observed in the whole range of the laser energy used. The initial velocities of the plasma jets produced in the reported experiment reached the value of up to 7·107 cm/s, the jets were up to 4 mm long including the jet pedestal and about 400 µm in diameter. Calculations of the efficiency of the plasma jet production show that it decreases with increasing the laser energy.

scholarly journals Laser uniformity and hydrodynamic stability experiments at the OMEGA laser facility

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.R. BOEHLY ◽  
A. BABUSHKIN ◽  
D.K. BRADLEY ◽  
R.S. CRAXTON ◽  
J.A. DELETTREZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser System ◽  
Smoothing Techniques ◽  
Third Harmonic ◽  
Broad Bandwidth ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Spectral Dispersion ◽  
Laser Facility ◽  
Omega Laser ◽  
Physics Experiments

Experiments to demonstrate the effects of various beam-smoothing techniques have been performed on the 60-beam, 30-kJ UV OMEGA laser system. These include direct measurements of the effect beam-smoothing techniques have on laser beam nonuniformity and on both planar and spherical targets. Demonstrated techniques include polarization smoothing and “dual-tripler” third-harmonic generation required for future broad bandwidth (∼1 THz) smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD). The effects of improvements in single-beam uniformity are clearly seen in the target-physics experiments, which also show the effect of the laser pulse shape on the efficacy of SSD smoothing. Saturation of the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) growth of the broad-bandwidth features, in agreement with the Haan model (Haan, 1989), produced by laser imprinting has also been observed.

scholarly journals Efficiency of ablative plasma energy transfer into a massive aluminum target using different atomic number ablators

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kasperczuk ◽  
T. Pisarczyk ◽  
T. Chodukowski ◽  
Z. Kalinowska ◽  
W. Stepniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Atomic Number ◽  
Radiation Transport ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Plasma Stream ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Aluminum Target ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Energy ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThis paper aims at investigation of efficiency of an ablative plasma energy transfer into a massive aluminum target using different atomic number ablators. For this reason, several target materials representing a wide range of atomic numbers (Z = 3.5–73) were used. The experiment was carried out at the iodine Prague Asterix Laser System. The laser provided a 250 ps pulse with energy of 130 J at the third harmonic frequency (λ3 = 0.438 μm). To study the plasma stream configurations a four-frame X-ray pinhole camera was used. The electron temperature of the plasma in the near-surface target region was measured by means of an X-ray spectroscopy. The efficiency of the plasma energy transport to the target was determined via the crater volume measurement using the crater replica technique. The experimental results were compared with two-dimensional numerical simulations where the plasma dynamics was based on the one-fluid, two temperature model, including radiation transport in diffusive approximation and ionization kinetics. It was shown that the plasma expansion geometry plays an important role in the ablative plasma energy transfer into the target.

scholarly journals New high-power laser facility PALS—prospects for laser–plasma research

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. RUS ◽  
K. ROHLENA ◽  
J. SKÁLA ◽  
B. KRÁLIKOVÁ ◽  
K. JUNGWIRTH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽  
Radiation Transport ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Main Beam ◽  
Inertial Confinement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multiple Pulse ◽  
Laser Facility ◽  
Under Construction

In this paper, we report on a new laser facility called PALS (Prague Asterix Laser System), which is currently under construction, and which will house the high-power iodine laser Asterix IV. Upon its completion in late 1999, the PALS facility will be capable of providing single- or multiple-pulse irradiation with a variable pulse duration ranging from 100 to 500 ps. Wavelengths available will be 1.315 μm, 658 nm, and 438 nm. The system will provide one main beam with energy up to 1200 J and two smaller auxiliary beams with a combined energy of up to 100 J. A wide variety of geometries and variable pulse timings is available. We assess PALS' potential for investigating the physics of laser plasmas in inertial confinement fusion, the development and applications of X-ray lasers, X-ray spectroscopy, and radiation transport, using multiple-pulse and extended beam capability.

scholarly journals The PHEBUS experimental facility operating at 250 ps and 0·53 μm

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Thiell ◽  
A. Adolf ◽  
M. Andre ◽  
N. Fleurot ◽  
D. Friart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Focal Spot ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Plasma Expansion ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Intensity Distribution ◽  
Flux Limiter ◽  
Laser Facility ◽  
Inverse Bremsstrahlung Absorption

The experiments reported in this paper demonstrate that the PHEBUS laser facility is now currently being operated with high performances (4 TW with 250 ps pulses at 0·527 μm wavelength).The output energy of the 2-beam PHEBUS laser system can be focused either in a small focal spot (80% of the incident energy is in a 220 μm diameter focal spot) for high intensity experiments (≥5 × 1015 W cm−2) or in very large spots (a few mm in diameter) at moderate intensities (1013 − 2·5 × 1014 W cm−2), for large scale experiments. It is shown that the spatial intensity distribution in the target plane is primarily due to intensity independent aberrations and to diffraction. Laser light absorption in plane aluminum and gold targets are interpreted in terms of inverse bremsstrahlung absorption that may account for 70 to 90% of absorbed energy. Finally, the plasma expansion is shown to be very planar and comparison with one-dimensional Lagrangian simulations gives flux limiter values of 0·03 and 0·02 respectively for Al and Au targets.

scholarly journals Versatile optical laser system for experiments at the European X-ray free-electron laser facility

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (26) ◽  
pp. 29349 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pergament ◽  
G. Palmer ◽  
M. Kellert ◽  
K. Kruse ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Laser System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Facility ◽  
Optical Laser

Plastic plasma interaction with plasmas with growing atomic number

Open Physics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Kasperczuk ◽  
Tadeusz Pisarczyk ◽  
Tomasz Chodukowski ◽  
Zofia Kalinowska ◽  
Sergey Gus’kov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Number ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Plasma Pressure ◽  
Plasma Interaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laser Produced Plasma ◽  
Plasma Imaging

AbstractThis paper describes the investigation of the influence of target material atomic number (Z) on the laser-produced plasma pressure. For this reason, several target materials representing a wide range of atomic numbers (Z = 3.5 - 73), i.e. plastic (CH), Al, Cu, Ag, and Ta, were used. The results presented show that the plasma pressure decreases with growing atomic number but in a limited range of Z only. For higher Z, starting approximately from Z = 47 (Ag), the plasma pressure becomes constant, as confirmed by interferometric measurements and x-ray plasma imaging.

Pump–probe laser system at the FXE and SPB/SFX instruments of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Palmer ◽  
Martin Kellert ◽  
Jinxiong Wang ◽  
Moritz Emons ◽  
Ulrike Wegner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Electron ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Probe Laser ◽  
Probe Type ◽  
Pump Probe ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Facility

User operation at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility started at the SASE1 undulator beamline in fall 2017. The majority of the experiments utilize optical lasers (mostly ultrafast) for pump–probe-type measurements in combination with X-ray pulses. This manuscript describes the purpose-developed pump–probe laser system as installed at SASE1, implemented features and plans for further upgrades.

Contribution of x-ray total reflection to the background intensity in EPMA

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Werner P. Rehbach ◽  
Peter Karduck
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Number ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Background Intensity ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Characteristic Radiation ◽  
X Ray

In the EPMA of soft x rays anomalies in the background are found for several elements. In the literature extremely high backgrounds in the region of the OKα line are reported for C, Al, Si, Mo, and Zr. We found the same effect also for Boron (Fig. 1). For small glancing angles θ, the background measured using a LdSte crystal is significantly higher for B compared with BN and C, although the latter are of higher atomic number. It would be expected, that , characteristic radiation missing, the background IB (bremsstrahlung) is proportional Zn by variation of the atomic number of the target material. According to Kramers n has the value of unity, whereas Rao-Sahib and Wittry proposed values between 1.12 and 1.38 , depending on Z, E and Eo. In all cases IB should increase with increasing atomic number Z. The measured values are in discrepancy with the expected ones.

XRMF applications of a monolithic, polycapillary, focusing x-ray optic

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 240-241
Author(s):  
D. A. Carpenter ◽  
Ning Gao ◽  
G. J. Havrilla
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Focal Spot ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Focal Distance ◽  
Spot Diameter ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Focal Spot Diameter

A monolithic, polycapillary, x-ray optic was adapted to a laboratory-based x-ray microprobe to evaluate the potential of the optic for x-ray micro fluorescence analysis. The polycapillary was capable of collecting x-rays over a 6 degree angle from a point source and focusing them to a spot approximately 40 µm diameter. The high intensities expected from this capillary should be useful for determining and mapping minor to trace elements in materials. Fig. 1 shows a sketch of the capillary with important dimensions.The microprobe had previously been used with straight and with tapered monocapillaries. Alignment of the monocapillaries with the focal spot was accomplished by electromagnetically scanning the focal spot over the beveled anode. With the polycapillary it was also necessary to manually adjust the distance between the focal spot and the polycapillary.The focal distance and focal spot diameter of the polycapillary were determined from a series of edge scans.

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